Household Versus Individual Valuation: What’s the Difference?

Standard practice in stated preference typically blurs the distinction between household and individual responses, but without a clear theoretical or empirical justification for this approach. To date there have been no empirical tests of whether values for say a two adult household elicited by interviewing one randomly selected adult are the same as the values generated by interviewing both adults simultaneously. Using cohabiting couples, we conduct a choice experiment field study valuing reductions in dietary health risks. In one treatment a random individual is chosen from the couple and interviewed alone; in the other treatment, both partners are questioned jointly. We find significant differences in household values calculated from joint as opposed to individual responses, with further variation between the values elicited from men and women. Our results question the assumption, implicit in common practice, that differences between individually and jointly elicited estimates of household values can effectively be ignored.      

基于web2.0的政府信息服务变革研究

随着时代的发展,互联网也进入了第二代,即web2.0的时代.Web2.0在政府中的应用不仅促进了政府信息服务理念和方式的变革,而且也为政府管理和体制的变革提供了重要的平台.     

Buy local, pollute less: What drives households to join a community supported farm?

This paper examines which factors determine the participation of households in long term contracting with local farmers. Are households motivated by reducing the environmental impacts of their food consumption? A discrete-choice model of community supported agriculture (CSA) participation is applied to a sample of 264 French households. The findings suggest that difficult-to-measure attributes, notably environmental considerations play a major role in explaining CSA participation.     

美国的食品安全管理体系

美国是一个十分重视食品安全的国家，有关食品安全的法律法规在美国非常繁多，既有《联邦食品、药物和化妆品法》、《食品质量保护法》和《公共卫生服务法》等综合性法规，也有《联邦肉类检查法》等非常具体的法律。这些法律法规覆盖了所有食品，为食品安全制定了非常具体的标准以及监管程序。另外，联邦政府和地方政府负责食品安全的部门构成了一套综合有效的安全保障体系，对食品从生产到销售的各个环节实行严格的监管。     

对近期与中长期中国粮食安全的再认识

粮食安全始终是国家经济、社会稳定与发展的基础,突如其来的新冠疫情在影响中国与全球经济发展的同时,也引起社会各界对粮食安全问题的广泛关注。本文分析了中国粮食安全保障现况、近期各界关注粮食安全的主要问题和未来面临的挑战,并预测中长期主要粮食供需变动趋势。分析表明,近期和中长期中国口粮绝对安全,未来饲料粮(玉米和大豆等)进口将逐渐增长以保障国内畜产品的供给安全;而笼统的粮食安全概念往往误导社会各界和政府。口粮安全、饲料或畜产品安全是中国粮食安全已至食物安全的关键问题。最后,本文提出保障国家粮食安全的相关政策建议。     

基于网络文本分析的旅游形象研究——以鼓浪屿为例

通过网络文本收集游客对旅游目的地形象的评价和感受,运用挖掘数据手段,得到游客感知目的地形象属性与特征,已成为旅游形象研究的重要途径．以厦门鼓浪屿为例,将游客点评网站文本数据作为样本,使用ROSTContent Mining软件提取鼓浪屿旅游形象的高频特征词,了解鼓浪屿旅游形象的内容和主题;运用内容分析法,建构分析类目,探索游客对鼓浪屿旅游形象的感知;对旅游形象属性进行评价,了解鼓浪屿在游客心目中形象的优劣程度。为鼓浪屿旅游形象完善和提升提供依据,完善了以网络文本为数据来源的旅游形象研究方法。     

丽江旅游形象感知研究——基于网络文本分析的方法

以网络游记为研究样本,结合网络内容分析法和扎根理论的方法研究自助游客对丽江旅游形象的感知。研究发现自助游客对丽江旅游的感知多倾向于积极方面,而消极感知则主要来自于游览体验、旅游设施、购物娱乐及旅游服务等方面。同时由于丽江在旅游资源开发及整体旅游形象推广中的不足,导致其辖内各景区(点)发展严重失衡。综合各类消极感知,提出丽江旅游形象推广的四点建议,包含特色生活方式再建构、旅游标准化管理等。     

我国贫困农村家庭食物安全状况及影响因素的实证研究

本文在深入分析食物安全、家庭食物安全内涵的基础上，利用12个国家挟贫重点县的农户调查资料，通过构建指标体系对我国贫困农村的家庭食物安全水平和程度进行衡量和评价，并对其影响因素进行了分析，结果表明：近20多年来，我国贫困农村地区的家庭食物安全水平不断提高，食物安全广度不断扩大，但是食物安全深度却出现下降；食物获得能力对家庭食物安全具有显著的正影响，提高贫困农村地区居民的收入水平和家庭粮食自给能力有助于降低家庭的食物不安全发生概率；食物可获得性对家庭食物安全具有非常显著的正影响，市场方便度越高，实现家庭食物安全的概率越高；家庭规模和家庭结构对家庭食物安全具有显著影响，随着家庭规模、家庭结构复杂程度和家庭温饱负担程度的提高，农户面临的食物不安全风险的概率也在增加。     

Visitor experiences at UNESCO monasteries in Northeast Romania

The religious heritage of northeast Romania is one of the key attractions for visitors to the area. Known as ‘painted’ monasteries, the region’s churches highlight the rich religious culture of Romania, and they have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites. This study sought to identify the main dimensions of tourist experiences in the monasteries using mixed content analysis methods to collect data from Web reviews. The results include 10 themes: ‘monastery’, ‘painted (walls)’, ‘tower’, ‘visit’, ‘beautiful’ (place), ‘inside’ (painting), ‘famous’ (scene), ‘place’, ‘blue’ (colour) and ‘guide’. The Web reviews also reveal that tourists can feel connected to the Eastern Orthodox religion (e.g. most Romanian visitors) or they are more interested in the monasteries’ paintings and architecture. The majority of tourists value these structures for their status as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, seeing them as most notable for their old paintings, which have been preserved for many years and which are famed for their colours (i.e. Voronet Monastery’s blue paint).     

食品质量检验实验室的安全问题分析

近年来,各类食品安全事件频频见诸于各个媒体端,社会舆论也将食品检验工作推向了风口浪尖,在这种形势之下,食品质量检验实验室的安全问题也倍受社会各界关注,这也对检验过程、检验技术水平提出了更高的要求,而从源头消除检验实验室的安全隐患,则是解决食品安全问题的一条有效路径。因此,本文结合食品质量检验实验室的显著特征,针对消除实验室安全隐患的有效策略展开论述。