服务型跨国公司全球模块化与服务业国际转移及其对中国的启示

日趋激烈的全球竞争迫使服务型跨国公司必须更加高效地整合全球资源,增强全球竞争力和创新能力。全球模块化为服务型跨国公司实现这一目标提供了重要路径,也在客观上有力地推动了服务业国际转移。本文首先进行了相关理论综述;然后分析了服务型跨国公司实施全球模块化的可行性;接着阐释服务型跨国公司全球模块化是如何发展及其如何推动服务业国际转移,并选取国际快递业作为新样本行业进行理论检验;最后,对中国服务企业应该如何运用全球模块化来更好地承接服务业国际转移或整合全球战略性服务资源提出相关政策建议。     

日本全球变暖对策基本法案解析——解读日本减排25%

2010年3月,日本政府在内阁会议上决议了将温室气体排放量在2020年较1990年减少25%为核心内容的<全球变暖对策基本法案>,提交至国会审议.该法案无论是减排目标还是具体政策措施,与过去相比激进和果断许多,在日本国内引起了轩然大波.由于反对和猜疑的声音一直不绝于耳,该法案能否获准尚不明朗.本文就该法案的主要争论点及背景做全面阐述,并对其前景做一展望,以期有助于了解日本围绕减排的各种主张.     

A short history of global inequality: The past two centuries

Using social tables, we make an estimate of global inequality (inequality among world citizens) in early 19th century. We then show that the level and composition of global inequality have changed over the last two centuries. The level has increased reaching a high plateau around 1950s, and the main determinants of global inequality have become differences in mean country incomes rather than inequalities within nations. The inequality extraction ratio (the percentage of total inequality that was extracted by global elites) has remained surprisingly stable, at around 70% of the maximum global Gini, during the last 100 years.     

产品内分工视角下中美贸易失衡中的贸易利益研究

中美双边贸易中中方的巨额贸易顺差是否使中方获得了同样的贸易利益,一直是中美两国争论的焦点问题之一。本文在产品内分工框架内,构建了双边贸易利益分配的理论模型,使用面板协整对1997-2009年中美双边8个主要制造业部门的贸易利得进行实证分析。结果表明,美国依靠比较优势和垄断优势占据了产品价值链两端高附加值环节,而中国承担低附加值的中间环节;中美贸易失衡背后的利益流向并没有与贸易差额一致,中国在中美产品内贸易中获利微薄。因此,我国应该努力提升产业结构,提高自主创新能力,力求锁定在附加值高的环节,以赢得更多的国际贸易利益。     

Global Value Chains in the Era of 4IR: New Paradigm of Business Models for SMEs

This paper presents a brief literature review of previous studies methodologies,models,and contexts in studying firms’upgrading in Global Value Chains(GVCs).The...     

2008全球金融市场状况及预期

金融创新在全球经济一体化的背景下把全球金融联系在了一起是美国金融危机升级为全球金融危机的重要原因,这次金融危机给各国经济和金融市场造成了巨大损失,其负面影响在短时间内不会消除,并会不断向实体经济蔓延.由于当今全球经济一体化,中国不会成为金融危机中的安全岛,一系列的经济发展问题将会受到影响.     

From passenger growth to aircraft movements

Airlines are able to deal with passenger growth by either increasing the frequency or the aircraft size, which may entail different numbers of aircraft movements. Forecasting the latter is necessary for evaluating technologies, approaching future emissions or anticipating capacity constraints. Purpose of this paper is to forecast a typical fleet mix and the growth of aircraft movements on flight segments worldwide based on an assumed passenger growth. The methodology is implemented in a model called Forecast of Aircraft Movements. Basic approach is the assignment of each flight segment worldwide to a distance, passenger number and aircraft category. For each combination of distance and passenger numbers a typical fleet mix is defined. The forecasted worldwide growth of passenger demand and the empirically determined fleet mix is applied to all segments in order to derive a future scenario. Assuming a certain seat load factor, the frequency growth can be deduced from the aircraft movements generated for all segments. The paper includes a forecast for aircraft movements in a future scenario based on real schedule and passenger data and gives a detailed overview of the methodology and results considering airlines' behaviour.     

The nutrition transition and agricultural transformation: a Preston curve approach

The nutrition transition in diets and health is closely tied to other aspects of economic development, including agricultural transformation and urbanization as well as demographic change and epidemiological transition from infectious to noncommunicable disease. Over time, dietary patterns typically shift from widespread inadequacy of many foods and nutrients, especially for children and mothers, into surplus energy intake and rising obesity with continued inadequacy of healthier foods. Diet‐related diseases remain the largest single cause of premature death and disability in all regions. This article combines food availability and dietary intake data from more than 100 countries over 30 years with a wide range of other evidence to characterize the nutrition transition and its association with changes in agricultural production and the food environment, asking how future dietary patterns might be steered toward healthier outcomes as national incomes grow.     

Global supply network embeddedness and power: An analysis of international joint venture formations

As a subset of the international business literature, cross-border equity based partnerships have drawn significant academic attention. In the context of inter-firm partnerships, the power dynamics between parties and the implications that power has on the relational dynamics between firms is an important consideration. Research that connects power with network theory has recently emerged, suggesting that the network, as a source of power, plays a significant role in inter-firm dynamics. Yet, while there has been a substantial body of work either articulating the antecedents and consequences of power, little research has paid attention to the role that power plays in international JV formations; this presents a significant gap in the international business literature. Consequently, this study investigates the role that global network structure plays in the formation of new equity based international partnerships. Secondly, it contributes to the international JV literature by developing and testing a theoretical framework that examines inter-firm power dynamics as derived from the network position of each firm in the global network. Global network prominence, brokerage and weakness are key factors utilized in the analysis. The hypotheses are tested using a global manufacturing joint venture longitudinal dataset that contains 985,689 observations from 1985 to 2003. The results of the event history analysis indicate that for the manufacturer global network prominence, brokerage and weakness play an important role in new joint venture formations. On the other hand, only global network prominence is a significant factor for the potential partner.     

低碳时代中国经济发展的思考

《京都议定书》的制定迎来了经济发展的低碳时代。文章分析了中国低碳经济发展的现状,提出了中国应当确立低碳经济发展的能效目标,推进能源供应保障体系建设,提高低碳技术的自主研发能力,将有效降低碳排放作为中国社会经济发展的主要模式,最终建立环境友好、人居和谐的低碳社会。