Public health infrastructure and growth: Ways to improve the inferior equilibrium under multiple equilibria

This paper develops an endogenous growth model in which public health infrastructure, specified as a stock, plays an important role in economic growth. A notable feature of the model is that it employs a non-separable utility function for consumption, leisure, and the level of public health. In addition, increasing the level of health infrastructure contributes to the production of goods through labor augmentation. With these settings, our model is found to have a unique equilibrium or multiple equilibria, depending on the magnitude of the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. For the case of multiple equilibria, we numerically study the ways to avoid the low-growth state in developing countries. From this, we identify two feasible policy implications. The results indicate that public health infrastructure has a vital role in the development policies of low-income countries. Lastly, we show that there are two possibilities in regard to the local dynamics of the model.     

Choice, price competition and complexity in markets for health insurance

The United States and other nations rely on consumer choice and price competition between competing health plans to allocate resources in the health sector. While a great deal of research has examined the efficiency consequences of adverse selection in health insurance markets, less attention has been devoted to other aspects of consumer choice. The nation of Switzerland offers a unique opportunity to study price competition in health insurance markets. Switzerland regulates health insurance markets with the aim of minimizing adverse selection and encouraging strong price competition. We examine consumer responses to price differences in local markets and the degree of price variation in local markets. Using both survey data and observations on local markets we obtain evidence suggesting that as the number of choices offered to individuals grows, their willingness to switch plans given a set of price dispersion differences declines, which allows large price differences for relatively homogeneous products to persist. We consider explanations for this phenomenon from economics and psychology.     

AIDS treatment and intrahousehold resource allocation: Children's nutrition and schooling in Kenya

The provision of antiretroviral medications is a central component of the response to HIV/AIDS and consumes substantial public resources from around the world, but little is known about this intervention's impact on the welfare of children in treated persons' households. Using longitudinal survey data from Kenya, we examine the relationship between the provision of treatment to adults and the schooling and nutrition outcomes of children in their households. Weekly hours of school attendance increase by over 20% within 6 months after treatment is initiated for the adult patient. We find some weak evidence that young children's short-term nutritional status also improves. These results suggest how intrahousehold allocations of time and resources may be altered in response to health improvements of adults.     

长三角环渤海与泛珠三角物流业用人需求对比分析

文中通过对长三角、环渤海及泛珠三角地区的物流业数据进行对比分析,以挖掘长三角与其他主要经济圈的物流业用人需求差异。结果表明,长三角地区港口物流较发达,而从快递业、批发业、连锁零售业、运输业的从业人数、业务量、门店数等统计数据可知,长三角与其他经济圈相比,均无明显差异。     

基于社会需求视角下高职院校毕业生的就业分析

随着我国社会经济的成功转型,社会对专业技术人才的实际需求数量存在重大缺口,专业技术人才出现严重短缺。但是,学校的人才培养与社会需求没有达到有效的对接。     

打造“养在南阳”品牌的时代价值和对策

自然和历史文化资源成就了南阳最佳养生之地.打造"养在南阳"品牌有利于南水北调水源地的生态保护、有利于和谐河南均衡发展、有利于变南阳的劣势为优势、有利于提升南阳的文化核心竞争力.因此,要把打造"养在南阳"品牌上升到落实科学发展观的高度采认识:要提升政府和民众对"养在南阳"的认同感和文化自信;要以"养在南阳"为龙头统领南阳工业、农业和旅游经济发展:要争取国家和南水北调受水地人才、资金与技术的支持;要加大城市管理力度,提高城市营销水平等.     

产品目标用户群划分方法研究

随着产业信息化的不断深入,产品进入快速更迭阶段,这源于用户群对产品的需求处于实时变化的状态。"以用户为中心"设计理念成为左右产品亲和度的首要标准。传统的产品用户群划分方法已经随着时间不断得到修正和补充。本文通过以用户需求为主要划分维度,研究用户数据提取优先级,构建典型目标用户群模型的方式动态研究产品整个阶段目标用户群的划分。     

浅议整体治疗模式下住院楼建筑的优化设计策略

随着医院经营模式的转变,医院开始以患者为中心为其提供医疗服务,病者的生理、心理需求、住院舒适性、住院体验日益受到重视,医疗关注点也从以前的局部治疗开始向全方位医治患者的整体治疗模式转换。关怀住院病人,为病人提供优质的住院服务,已成为各医院创造医疗技术和设备以外最主要的竞争策略。为住院者营建舒适、健康、满足患者身心以及社会需求;为医护人员创造舒适、人性化的工作、休憩空间,也成为这一时期建筑师必须积极应对的设计问题。     

Australian consumer attitudes to health claim – food product compatibility for functional foods

This study with Australian consumers investigated how appealing different health claims combined with particular food carriers were to Australian consumers, and compared the results of a similar study with Dutch consumers. 149 shoppers considered up to 30 different food concepts, rating how ‘attractive’, ‘believable’, and ‘new and different’ they found each concept and their ‘intention to try’. Each variable was significantly related to intention to try (p < 0.001) and together explained 56% of the intention score. Claims and carriers independently had a significant effect on ratings of attractiveness and intention to try but, unlike the Dutch study, the carrier was a more important predictor of intention to purchase than the claim. Implications for regulation of health claims for food are discussed.     

Do poverty and poor health and nutrition increase the risk of armed conflict onset?

We analyze the effects of improving the economic, food security and health status on the risk of armed cotntectflict onset, focusing on the factors related to the millennium development goals. We employ the discrete-time hazard model that allows us to examine the time-varying effects of socioeconomic factors controlling for the reverse effect of conflict. Our results show that income poverty and poor health and nutritional status are more significantly associated with armed conflict onset than GDP per capita, annual GDP growth, and the ratio of primary commodity exports over GDP. In particular, poor health and nutritional status seems to play a key role in inducing armed conflicts in poor countries. These results indicate that, when a majority of the poor and the malnourished resides in rural areas and depends on agriculture directly or indirectly, investments in public goods for agriculture and rural areas can be effective tools to achieve the multiple goals of reduced poverty, food security and armed conflict, including riots in early 2008 triggered by high food prices. Food policy can be an effective element of efforts to maintain stability.