Marginalised voices: resisting the privatisation of council housing in Glasgow

This paper explores the opposition to housing stock transfer in Glasgow in the early 1990s. Taking the position of anti-transfer campaigners, it argues that transfer can be interpreted as a form of 'privatisation' involving a profound restructuring in the role of the state in a key heartland area of welfare provision. Using interviews from housing campaigners in Glasgow, the paper argues that the much-heralded rhetoric about housing stock transfer as promoting tenant choice is highly contentious and misleading. The paper includes by highlighting that dispite the move to transfer in Glasgow, there remains a significant campaign against transfer in other parts of the UK.     

资源性商品价格暴涨原因探析

近年来,促使资源性商品价格暴涨的原因可从根本原因、物质原因、金融原因、技术原因以及基础性支撑原因等几个方面进行分析,这些因素在近期仍将存在,将继续支撑资源性商品价格上涨.     

What drives racial segregation? New evidence using Census microdata

Using restricted Census microdata that link households to the Census block in which they live, this paper re-examines the question of whether racial differences in sociodemographic characteristics can explain observed levels of racial segregation. We develop a simple measurement framework designed to make use of the rich joint distribution of individual and neighborhood characteristics that these data provide, analyzing segregation patterns in the San Francisco Bay Area. The results indicate that racial differences in the collective set of characteristics we consider do have the potential to explain a considerable amount of the observed segregation, although more so for Asians and especially Hispanics than whites and blacks. Different sociodemographic factors emerge as potentially important for each race.     

An empirical investigation of the effects of impact fees on housing and land markets

This paper presents the results from estimating the effects of development impact fees on the prices of new and existing single-family homes and undeveloped residential land using unique data for Dade County, FL. The results show that an additional US$1.00 of fees increases the price of both new and existing housing by about US$1.60 and reduces the price of land by about US$1.00. These findings are shown to be consistent with the new view but not the old view theory of impact fee incidence.     

A theory of predictable excess returns in real estate

A principal-agent model is employed to characterize the equilibrium mortgage contract. The value of a house depends on the actions of its owner but affects the wealth of both the owner and the lender who writes the mortgage contract with which the house is purchased. Because of this, the buyer is exposed to moral hazard. In some situations, this can lead to inefficient maintenance and predictable excess returns to home ownership. Even though there are potential buyers willing to pay back more money, the bank will not write loans for these consumers because of the adverse incentive effects of such an action.     

中国体制转型与城镇居民家庭财富分配差距——一个资产转换的视角

本文以中国城镇住房改革为例,从资产转换的角度研究了中国体制转型过程中城镇居民家庭财富积累及分配差距的产生。20世纪80年代以来的房屋政策鼓励工作单位将住房出售给现有居民,即住房商品化。通过1988、1995和2002年中国城镇住户收入调查的数据分析,20世纪90年代中期以来的住房商品化过程中,相对于私营部门居民家庭,干部和国有单位工作的家庭更容易以折扣价从工作单位获得住房。随着近期住房市场的繁荣,原有的以及住房商品化过程中产生的住房不平等,已经转化成国有和私营部门家庭财富的更大差距,而且干部的住房增值优势和国有部门家庭的财富优势随着市场化的推进有加速增加的趋势。     

Evaluation on the Effects of Differential Housing Finance Policy： An Empirical Research in Guangxi

差别化住房信贷政策是我国房地产金融调控的新举措之一,国内运用实证分析差别化住房信贷政策实施效果的研究并不多见。本文在已有研究的基础上,深入研究差别化住房信贷政策的相关理论及演进过程,并以广西为实证研究的样本,以抽样调查数据检验政策落实情况,重点考察政策在房地产市场的区域实施效应,分析影响政策实施效果的主要因素,有针对性地提出政策建议。     

深化城镇住房制度综合配套改革的总体构想（上）

改革开放以来,中国城镇住房及房地产发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,但近年来也出现了较为严重的问题。本文运用“制度、行为与绩效”（ICP）的研究框架,首先分析了住房问题产生的机制性原因,即住房发展目标偏颇与制度无序导致住房相关主体的行为扭曲,进而导致住房市场的失衡。借鉴国际经验,本文对城镇住房的发展定位、总体制度体系、核心制度与配套制度等目标模式进行了系统的修正性设计。最后,本文对深化城镇住房制度综合配套改革的路线图与时间表提出了对策建议。     

对上海、重庆房产税征收的深思考——基于不动产购买者分析视角

房产税改革的试点工作已经一年多了,改革道路中所遇到的困难较多,所取得的成效也不是很明显,加之大众的舆论压力,房产税的开征似乎在被否定,其实不然。房产税对高房价的抑制作用是一个过程,并非一蹴而就的事情。政府应加大投资力度,并出台相关政策法规促进并保护改革的顺利进行;地方政府需在配合中央工作的同时,引导其走入正确的轨道上来;房产开发商则需履行好商业道德,诚信做事;至于不动产购买者,要维护房产税的开征工作,丢弃投机行为,并为房产税的开征提供合理化建议。房产税的改革工作需要多方共同努力,创造条件,才能为房地产市场走向理性化营造良好环境。     

公积金制度对上海住房市场发展的影响研究

为研究住房公积金制度在上海住房市场发展过程中的作用,笔者通过运用状态空间模型与卡尔曼滤波解法的实证分析认为,住房公积金制度对上海市住房市场的量价都有很大的影响。在有力提高了居民住房消费能力的同时,也是助推房价泡沫化的一个重要因素,这种助推力主要源于政府拆迁。因此目前的房地产调控政策应该进行微调,以充分发挥公积金制度的积极作用和抑制其不利影响,进一步完善我国的住房保障体系。