The impact of partner diversity within multiparty international joint ventures

Despite the significant role that multiparty international joint ventures (MPIJVs) play within multinational enterprises, we know little about the significant challenges associated with the management of these ventures. Therefore, we combine the Resource-based View of the Firm and Transaction Cost Economics to investigate the effects of the key aspects of partner diversity (i.e., variety, balance, and disparity) on MPIJV dissolution. We test our hypotheses using a dataset of 248 MPIJVs in China. We find empirical support for a U-curve shaped effect of variety and a negative linear effect of balance on MPIJV dissolution.     

Is more better? The relationship between meeting space capacity and hotel operating performance

This study examines the effect of meeting space capacity on hotel operating performance. We use Resource-Based View (RBV) of the firm as the theoretical foundation. We employ a national-level dataset with more than 20,000 hotels in the United States for the 2007–2012 period. We find that meeting space has a non-linear effect on hotel operating performance. That is, at low levels of meeting space, meeting space capacity is negatively related to hotel operating performance. At high levels of meeting space, meeting space capacity has a positive influence on operating performance. These findings provide insights for hotel owners, developers and practitioners in planning hotel meeting space capacity.     

Aligning corporate transfer intentions and subsidiary HRM practice implementation in multinational corporations

We study HRM practice implementation in subsidiaries of multinational corporations (MNCs) and diverge from extant research by focusing on alignment, which we conceptualize as the degree to which subsidiary implementation of HRM practices corresponds with the subsidiary-specific transfer intentions of corporate headquarters. In explaining alignment we examine different aspects of the headquarters–subsidiary relationship, namely, the extent of formal control, interpersonal relationships and subsidiary strategic HRM capabilities. Based on a sample of 105 subsidiaries from 12 Nordic MNCs, the results highlight the importance of expatriates, trust and the strategic HRM capabilities of the subsidiary HR function. We conduct post hoc analyses to shed further light on (i) the relationship between our independent variables and the two separate components of alignment – corporate intentions and subsidiary implementation, and (ii) two different types of misalignment – excessive and insufficient.     

国外人力资源会计研究的学术倾向——基于国际权威会计期刊的数据分析

文章以目前会计界公认的5份顶尖国际学术期刊2000年至2009年所刊载的人力资源会计的53篇文章作为研究对象,对国外人力资源会计学术界的研究现状进行分析,反映进入21世纪以来国外人力资源会计研究的演进特征与变化,进而探讨国外人力资源会计研究的学术倾向.     

Sustainability and Land tenure: Who owns the floodplain in the Pantanal,Brazil?

In seeking to achieve poverty alleviation and environmental conservation, public policy has often centred on guaranteeing land titles to local peoples. However, such approaches have brought unintended outcomes, replacing small-scale economies and natural areas by intensive exploitation of resources with no clear improvement in local people’s wellbeing. To understand this, we go beyond a general political ecology framing to consider relations between sustainability and land tenure, focusing on the intersection of economics, ecology and anthropology to understand how land tenure, property and use play out on the ground. We draw together different concepts including bundle of rights, de facto and de jure resource use, property regimes, density-dependence and non-equilibrium theory. The significance of this three-discipline view is illustrated through a case study of the Pantanal wetland, Brazil, where conservationists, the government and the local population contest ownership of the Paraguay River floodplain. Government sought to address conflicts around tenure and access through a narrow view of property, which failed to encompass the overlapping layers of land tenure, property and use on the ground and only served to create further legal battles. This article concludes that a more complex view combining the three perspectives is needed in the case of the Pantanal, and in other cases of contested property rights, in order to resolve conflicting claims and foster sustainability. We dissect both the power plays involved between different groups competing for control of a valuable resource, and the legal frameworks which can and should provide checks and balances in the system. The more nuanced grasp that emerges of local systems of tenure and access, of how these diverge from western property concepts, and of their environmental implications favours a better understanding of local realities, allowing for better management policy and consequently contributing more effectively towards poverty alleviation and environmental protection.     

The effect of human resource practices on perceived organizational support in the People’s Republic of China

Using a sample of workers and managers employed by a hotel located in Southeastern People’s Republic of China, we investigated the relationship between various human resource management practices and the perceived organizational support (POS) experienced by the employees. We then investigated the effects of POS on employee satisfaction. Our data suggest that hiring practices, training, and compensation practices predict POS. These results are consistent with previous research. We also found that POS influences worker satisfaction and acts as a mediator between select HR practices and satisfaction. This study contributes to the literature by replicating Western-based findings with a Chinese sample and illustrating that the attitudes of Chinese employees can be influenced through the use of HR practices.     

Institutions,resources, and internationalization of emerging economy firms

An important step in the internationalization process of emerging economy firms is the shift from exports to foreign direct investment (FDI). We integrate the resource- and institution-based views to suggest that firms that can use unique institutional advantages are more likely to make this shift. We test these arguments with a longitudinal sample of 28,563 firm-year observations (1989–2005). We found that firms that are affiliated with a business group, have more firm- and group-level international experience, have more technological and marketing resources, and operate in service industries are more likely to shift from exports to FDI.     

现代经济增长与教育发展的数学模型解析

人力资本是现代社会生产的决定因素.人力资本提高可使社会生产效益指数增长.各个学龄阶段的生均教育投入,都应随着科技知识的指数增长而增长.我国走科技先行、可持续发展的道路,2020年的高等教育毛入学率应达到50％,实现高等教育的普及化,公共教育经费占GDP的比重要在2012年达到4％的基础上继续提高,并在2020年达到4.6％至4.7％,以带动全社会的教育投入占GDP比重提高到7％.     

知识工作者过度劳动的形成机理探析

近年来,过度劳动在我国呈快速上升趋势,而知识工作者正成为“过劳死”的高危群体.为了有效预防和干预知识工作者过度劳动导致的社会问题,有必要从理论上说明其影响因素和形成机制.本文根据经济学、管理学和心理学的相关理论,将影响因素划分为前因变量、决定变量和调节变量三类,构建过度劳动形成机制的概念模型,从知识工作者的群体特征和个体特质出发,分析各影响因素间的相互关系及其作用机理.总体而言,个人因素和管理因素对知识工作者的过度劳动动机、意愿和行为产生不同程度的直接影响,工作任务因素、社会文化、经济和制度层面等深层次原因构成的环境因素则激励或约束着知识工作者,使其在具备一定过度劳动动机和意愿的情况下,较其他劳动者更容易付出超强度的劳动强度和超长的劳动时间.     

服务业信息化的就业效应实证研究

文章依据信息化综合指数模型测算了1990—2008年间我国服务业信息化水平，在此基础上运用协整检验和向量误差修正模型估计了信息化对服务业就业的影响。结果表明，服务业信息化水平自90年代以来呈不断上升趋势，并且对就业产生正向的促进作用。从动态角度看，服务业信息化与就业变化之间存在长期均衡关系，服务业信息化初期对就业产生较大的负面冲击，但从长期来看，服务业信息化对就业产生正向的影响，并带动服务业资本投入对就业也产生正向的影响。总体上，服务业信息化的就业创造效应大于替代效应，从而存在正的净效应。因此，认为应从提高现代服务业比重、加大对服务业人力资本投资、提高居民服务消费能力等方面来促进服务业信息化以带动服务业就业。