人力资本与区域全要素生产率分析

本文采用Malmquist指数分析了我国30个省级行政区1996—2003年的全要素生产率(TFP)增长,并将其分解为技术进步指数和效率变化指数。为了减少计算偏差,我们在使用承认无效率项存在的生产前沿技术的同时,引入了人力资本要素。本文的分析结果表明我国的人力资本水平增长迅速,30个省区的经济增长效率差距逐年扩大。同时我们发现在引入人力资本要素后,1996—2003年区域全要素生产率的增长得益于技术进步;如果不考虑人力资本存量,则低估了同期的效率提高程度,而高估了期间的技术进步指数。     

Progressive taxation and human capital as determinants of inflation persistence

In this study, we introduce progressive taxation and human capital differences across productive sectors into a typical monetary policy game. The objective of this work is to reveal the potential short-run effects of these two typical features of economic growth on inflation dynamics. In our framework, such features act as frictions of labor mobility across sectors. We show that an increased progressivity of taxation lowers the diffusion of shocks, and in turn increases inflation persistence. Moreover, the dispersion of human capital across sectors acts as a barrier to labor mobility and thereby increasing inflation inertia through the same channel. We also empirically verify these findings by employing panel data analysis in a sample of 28 OECD countries.     

基于人力资本价值链理论的中国城市国际人才集聚研究

城市国际人才争夺战由来已久并不断升级,但针对中国城市国际人才集聚水平、影响因素和差异化政策供给的研究鲜见。以“国际人才集聚指数-国际人才集聚影响因素-国际人才集聚政策”为研究主线,以中国36个主要城市为研究对象,创新性地通过构建人力资本“投入-过程-产出”价值链理论模型进行实证研究,结果表明：中国城市国际人才集聚指数排名分为3个差异显著的层级。其中,第二和第三层级之间无较大差距,但与由北京、上海组成的第一层级相比大幅落后。中国城市国际人才集聚影响因素分化明显,第一类城市的主要影响因素为全球城市品牌文化;第二类城市为创新型经济发展;第三类为外资传统工商业企业和产业集聚。对应地,中国城市国际人才集聚政策供给围绕外资传统工商业国际人才集聚、高端生产性服务业国际人才集聚、多样性和包容性国际人才文化氛围营造存在三大差异化选择。首次构建人力资本“投入-过程-产出”价值链模型,为从机理上深入探索中国各类城市国际人才集聚模式及提升路径奠定了基础。     

数量驱动或创新驱动：异质型人力资本对经济增长的机制演进

基于1987-2017年中国省际面板数据,运用SYS-GMM模型研究异质型人力资本对经济增长的影响。在区分高级与基本人力资本基础上,基于招生率和收入维度,从全局和阶段差异视角剖析异质型人力资本对经济提速的机制演进。研究发现：全局而言,两种测度下基础和高级人力资本各自以数量及创新方式驱动经济增长,并呈现以数量驱动为主,数量、创新双驱动的增长模式;从演进视角看,两种测度均表明,高级人力资本创新驱动是新常态阶段经济增长的核心动力,但相比旧常态阶段,基础人力资本数量驱动日趋弱化并呈异质性;进一步研究表明,产业结构、城镇化及开放程度均对创新驱动有不同程度激励效应,而城镇化是挤出数量驱动的主要推手。     

逍遥丸对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染患者抗病毒治疗初期情绪障碍的疗效

目的探讨逍遥丸对人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染患者抗病毒治疗初期情绪障碍的疗效。方法选取2019年2月至2019年9月于沈阳市第六人民医院AIDS门诊进行治疗的HIV阳性患者300例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组150例。对照组仅进行抗病毒治疗和对症处置,观察组加用逍遥丸,治疗1个月,观察3个月,比较两组治疗前后汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分变化及CD4^+T淋巴细胞计数变化、不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组HAMA及HAMD评分优于对照组,CD4^+T淋巴细胞计数升高幅度大于对照组,失眠、腹泻发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论逍遥丸可以改善HIV感染患者抗病毒治疗初期的焦虑及抑郁状态,减少临床相关症状,进而间接提升CD4^+T淋巴细胞数。     

万佛山丹霞湿地水生植物资源及群落

位于湖南省通道县的万佛山风景区,境内受亚热带湿润季风气候的影响,及丹霞地貌特定生态环境的作用,其境内具有较为发育的丹霞湿地植被。通过调查,发现共有水生植物32科57属84种,其中挺水植物有53种,浮水植物有15种。沉水植物有16种。境内保存着一批珍稀濒危植物,特别是其独有的中华水韭群落,还有野菱、野睡莲群落。并对水生维管植物资源及其群落进行了分析,为今后的合理利用与保护提供科学建议。     

党管人才与高职院校人力资源管理创新

从党管人才的视角看,当前高职院校人力资源管理存在认识不够到位、目标不够明确、结构不够合理、机制不够健全等问题。要落实党管人才原则,在理念、格局、机制、环境等方面,推进高职院校人力资源管理创新,推动高职院校人才工作上新台阶,提升学校核心竞争力。     

Employees intent to leave: A comparison of determinants of intent to leave versus intent to stay

The purpose of the study is to examine whether the predictors that decrease employee intention to leave will also increase employees’ intention to stay. Therefore, the objective of the study is twofold: (1) to examine the influence of perceived organizational support, perceived supervisors’ support, and organizational commitment regarding intent to leave and (2) to investigate the influence of the same variables on intent to stay. A total of 416 hospitality employees in the U.S. participated. The results suggest that perceived organizational support and organizational commitment decreased intent to leave while only perceived organizational support had a positive impact on intention to stay. Implications detail ways that hospitality organizations can focus on increasing their employees’ commitment through perceived organizational support as a critical component of turnover culture.     

William F. Whyte: Contributions to management

The name of William Foote Whyte is most frequently associated with Street Corner Society, the sociological study of life in Boston's North End during the late 1930s, but his research spanned another sixty years in a range of settings on three continents. This article traces his achievements over the decades, as he developed and applied a participatory action research methodology in the kitchens of Chicago restaurants, the oilfields of Oklahoma and Venezuela, subsistence farms in Peru and Guatemala, and industrial cooperatives in the Basque region of Spain. It describes how this methodology, grounded in case research, led to social change at the “Tremont Hotel” in a Midwestern city. It questions why his achievements have not received greater recognition among by academicians and practitioners, perhaps because his ideas and findings on social change produced discomfort among peers and the sponsors of his research.     

农村收入差距抑制了农户创业吗?--基于流动性约束与人力资本投资视角的实证分析

改革开放以来,中国农村内部收入差距呈现扩大态势,收入差距的扩大对农村家庭产生了深远影响。本文利用2012~2016年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,研究了农村收入差距对农户创业行为的影响及其作用机制。实证研究发现,农村收入差距的扩大显著降低了农户创业的概率,基尼系数每提高0.1单位,农户创业的概率下降1.45%,这一数值约为农村地区创业比例的21%,具有显著的经济意义。通过面板数据双向固定效应模型、滞后效应和工具变量法克服内生性问题后,结果仍然稳健。研究还发现,农村收入差距的扩大显著降低了农户创业的参与人数、经营规模、经营绩效和新创企业的概率,并显著提高了创业失败的可能性,增加了从事农业生产的人数和家庭成员外出打工的概率。机制分析发现,农村收入差距的扩大提升了农户面临流动性约束的概率并降低了农户的人力资本投资,从而抑制了农户创业。此外,异质性分析还发现,农村收入差距的扩大对低教育水平、中低收入阶层和中西部地区家庭产生了更显著的负向影响。本文的研究为全面认识农村创业的影响因素提供了新视角,对更好地推动"大众创业、万众创新"在农村的贯彻实施具有政策启示。