Do interlocks by different types of directors affect the nature of internationalization strategy of emerging market multinationals?

Research that links boards in general and interlocks in particular with internationalization activities of emerging market multinationals (EMNEs) has recently garnered significant attention. However, a focused examination of the impact of the interlocks of different types of directors on the nature of EMNE internationalization strategy is missing. To address this gap, we use an integrated agency–resource dependence perspective to distinguish board interlocks provided by inside directors from those provided by independent directors to demonstrate their impact on exploratory and exploitative internationalization. We test our hypotheses on 1996 observations of Indian firms between 2011 and 2017. Our results show that while inside director interlocks promote exploitative strategies over exploratory internationalization strategies, independent director interlocks deter exploitative internationalization. Furthermore, these preferences are contingent upon the R&D intensity of the firm.     

Estimating the value of political connections in China: Evidence from sudden deaths of politically connected independent directors

This paper estimates the value of political connections by examining stock price reactions to sudden deaths of retired government officials who were acting as independent directors of private firms in China from 2003 to 2012. Employing an event study, we find that, if a private firm loses political connections because of the sudden death of an independent director who was previously a government official, its stock price drops 3.61% on average within ten trading days. After the loss of political connections, we find that it is possible but infeasible for a private firm to reestablish political connections with the government in a short period of time. Moreover, the sudden death of a retired government official leads to a reduction in the economic benefits (e.g., bank loans, tax preference, and government subsidies) obtained by a private firm, which provides a reasonable explanation for the negative stock price reaction after losing political connections.     

广东省独立董事制度现状评述

为了检验独立董事在我国的实施状况,本文仅以广东省上市公司为例,对独立董事占董事会的比例、独立董事年龄、学历、专业构成和独立董事薪酬状况进行分析,试图通过实证方法深入分析我国独立董事制度的实施现状,并提出完善意见。     

What have we learnt about board gender diversity as a business strategy? The appointment of board subcommittees

This paper explores whether a board's gender diversity influences the voluntary formation of its board subcommittees. Female board directorship may become a business strategy for firms if it affects the appointment of board subcommittees. We hypothesize that the voluntary creation of board subcommittees is affected by the presence of female directors on boards; the presence of independent, executive, and institutional female directors; and the proportion of shares held by female directors on boards. Board gender diversity has been measured as a proportion and with Blau's index. The results show that independent female directors are positively associated with the likelihood of voluntarily setting up all or some of the committees and a supervision and control committee. The presence of executive female directors negatively influences the probability of forming all or some of the committees, an executive committee and a supervision and control committee. The percentage of shares held by female directors has a positive effect on the voluntary creation of an executive committee. The findings also report that women directors and institutional female directors do not contribute to the voluntary creation of board subcommittees. Our evidence shows that female board directorship impacts the demand of internal control mechanisms such as board subcommittees, suggesting that firms should take it into account as a business strategy. The main implications derived from this research are relevant for Spanish policymakers and researchers because board gender diversity may play a significant role in the decision‐making processes of firms and may influence firms' outcomes.     

中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率稳定性及影响因素研究

在全面实施创新驱动发展战略的时代背景下,揭示中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率稳定性,测度相关因素的影响强度与方向,对揭示中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新规律,制定其发展策略具有重要指导意义。聚焦中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率稳定性及影响因素,采用DEA-Malmquist指数方法和Tobit回归模型进行实证研究,结果表明,中国高端装备制造业自主技术创新效率存在一定波动性,且各细分行业技术创新效率内部稳定性较差,产业自主技术创新效率整体稳定性不高;自主技术创新投入因素和环境影响因素对产业自主技术创新效率的影响具有较高的异质性,其中创新资金投入和人力资源投入对自主技术创新综合效率、纯技术效率及规模效率具有正向影响,而新产品开发投入和企业规模对自主技术创新综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率的影响具有异质性,政策因素与市场因素分别具有显著和非显著负向影响,外源性创新因素具有显著正向影响,且影响强度较大。在此基础上,提出调整政府对高端装备制造业创新支持模式、加强外源性创新与智力引进等策略建议。     

CEO自恋与公司审计费用

以2008—2018年我国A股上市公司为研究样本,分析和检验了CEO自恋如何影响公司审计收费及其作用机制。研究发现：CEO自恋程度越高的公司审计费用越高,且CEO自恋主要通过影响公司战略差异进而影响审计收费。进一步研究发现,CEO自恋与审计费用的关系在机构投资者持股比例较低和董事会监督较弱的公司中更显著。研究结果不仅为影响公司审计费用的前置动因研究提供了新的解释,也从人格特征维度补充和深化了高阶理论研究。     

浅论独立学院大学生“三自”能力的培养

独立学院是我国高等教育迅速发展的产物,独立学院学生的具有学习自主性较差、实践动手能力较强的特殊性,本文详细分析了独立学院学生的思想行为特点,提出采取多种措施加强学生"自律管理"、"自主学习"、"自觉实践"的"三自"能力,以加强独立学院学生管理工作。     

混叠通信信号的盲分离处理

同频混叠信号的处理一直是通信信号处理中的难点,常规的信号处理方法难以对其进行有效分析。本文运用最新的盲源分离理论,实现了混叠通信信号的盲分离。仿真结果表明,本文采用的算法分离效果好,运算速度快,可移植性强,基本实现了对混叠通信信号的实时盲分离。     

关于审计委员会在中国发展的思考

本文通过分析美国审计委员会失效的成因和中国审计委员会的引入背景,展望审计委员会在中国的发展,提出若不改变对审计委员会成员（独立董事）身份的认识和加强对审计委员会制度的立法建设,审计委员会终将归于无效。