警惕我国企业集群发展中潜在问题

企业集群是当今区域经济发展规划的新趋势 ,引起了多学科领域学者关注。我国已经出现了一些企业集群的雏形 ,但是这些企业集群都存在不同的问题。以东莞、温州及部分的高新区为例 ,从各自的形成过程、发展轨迹等角度 ,讨论了各具特色的区域集群存在的不同性质的问题     

Conceptualizing and measuring “industry resilience”: Composite indicators for postshock industrial policy decision-making

Can resilience be a relevant concept for industrial policy? Resilience is usually described as the ability of a socioeconomic system to recover from unexpected shocks. While this concept has caught the attention of regional economics researchers seeking to understand the different patterns behind regional recovery after a disruption, it is increasingly recognized that resilience can have policy-relevant conceptual applications in many other regards. In this paper, we apply it to industries and define the “industry resilience” concept and measurements. Our contribution is twofold. Theoretically, we frame industry resilience as a useful conceptual framework for policy-making to support the selection of industrial policy targets that are more capable of recovering after unexpected shocks. In addition, industry resilience can mitigate government failures by supporting decision-makers in promoting both economically and socially sustainable structural change. Methodologically, building on post-2008 U.S. data, we develop two composite indicators (CIs) to separately analyze quantitative and qualitative postshock variations in sectoral employment. Such CIs support policy-makers in visualizing sectoral performances dynamically and multidimensionally and can be used to compare each sector both to other sectors and to its counterfactual. Our results highlight that sectors react heterogeneously to shocks. This points to the relevance of tailoring vertical industrial policies according to sector features and the aims of industrial policy initiatives.     

产业集群与区域城市化进程关联的固定效应模型实证研究

改革开放以来,我国区域经济形成了各类产业的集群和周边城镇向城市的演进发展,产业集群的"城市化"效应凸显。产业集群与区域城市化进程存在互动影响关联,不同产业集群程度在其城市化进程水平上表现出差异,产业核心所在城区内外的集群平衡性差异导致其城市化进程与产业集群的非完全意义协同性发展。整体而言产业集群对区域的城市化进程有所推进。     

经济全球化与中国工业结构变化

理论分析显示经济全球化能通过固定资产投资、制度变迁和劳动力等因素引发中国工业结构变化。运用协整分析和ECM等方法实证检验显示长期内经济全球化增长1%将促使我国工业结构变化0.27%,固定资产投资、制度变迁和劳动力均能促进我国工业结构变化,而短期内经济全球化和劳动力可能制约工业结构变化。     

产业发展中的本地市场效应——基于我国2004-2009年面板数据的实证

本文利用我国2004-2009年29个省区市22个制造业细分行业的面板数据,检验了我国产业发展中的本地市场效应的存在性及其特点。研究结果显示,在省际层面上并没有发现我国产业发展中存在着本地市场效应,这或许是由于我国产业发展的空间异质性和行业差异性较强所致;而在细化的分省层面上,所得研究支持本地市场效应的存在性,且发现其具有地区和行业的选择性,即只有部分地区部分行业存在着本地市场效应,且主要集中于中东部地区与资本和技术密集型的行业。这可以为我国各省区市转变产业发展方式,提升产业发展质量和效益提供政策启示:如可通过培育具有本地市场效应的产业来转变传统的以资源密集型或劳动密集型为特征的产业发展方式,通过发掘和利用产业发展中的规模效应来加快技术创新和产业升级的步伐。     

进入管制行业的集聚效应和社会福利——基于航空航天制造业的实证研究

基于省级和国家层面的宏观数据,分别构建了产业集聚和社会福利发展水平的综合评价指标体系,利用脱钩理论分析了我国航空航天制造产业的集聚效应及其与社会福利发展水平之间的关系。研究表明:航空航天制造业在东部地区发展迅猛;产业集聚的总体水平呈现下降趋势;集聚效应所带来的社会福利总体发展水平呈现下降的趋势,直接福利和间接福利并没有得到同步发展;产业集聚和社会福利发展水平多为同向变化,集聚福利脱钩指数呈现下降趋势;进入管制政策在一定程度上能够促进产业发展。     

Taiwan's ICP mechanism—a review and a stage approach

Most developing countries achieved necessary critical technology quickly and efficiently through the offset channel. Taiwanese government procurement is one of the most important sources of technological development. Over the past 10 years, this performance has not been remarkable in obtaining improved rising defense technology using the offset (namely, Industrial Cooperation Program, ICP). The main objective of this paper is to discuss the problems with Taiwan's ICP and propose a four-stage approach for Taiwan's ICP mechanism detailed improvements are suggested for Stage I and Stage II. F-16 fighter coproduction was used as an example to simulate Stages I and II in the four-stage approach process, considering all three levels of technology, economics and national security, to establish a set of fuzzy multiple criteria decision mode to identify the evaluative criteria variables and project item's order for ICP project. This decision mode was identified as a workable method.     

转包型产业集群的长期交易及成因分析

文章在描述转包型产业集群的交易长期性和信任性的特点基础上,进而分析集群企业长期交易关系的形成、维持与强化的影响因素,揭示了长期交易发育发展既是集群自身的运行特性又是外部多种因素综合作用的必然结果。     

承接国际服务外包是加快我国现代服务业发展的重要途径

现代服务业是依托电子信息等高技术或现代经营方式和组织形式而发展起来的服务部门。加快发展现代服务业,是我国新时期的重要战略选择。它的发展在我国当前正面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战。国际服务外包是一种新兴的加工贸易。承接国际服务外包是加快我国现代服务业发展,促进我国产业结构和经济结构升级的重要途径。     

江西工业化进程三十年——战略思路的演进与发展对策的探索

改革开放30年来江西的工业化水平有了明显提高,产业结构不断优化,经济效益逐步提高。新时期承接产业转移策略效果明显,环保意识明显增强。但指导工业发展的战略思路与江西社会经济发展实践存在一定的滞后性,同时,江西工业规模相对沿海发达地区尚有较大差距,且产业层次低下,研发投入不足,城市基础设施配套跟不上工业发展的需求。展望未来,江西需要进一步解放思想,深入改革,抓住产业转移与消费结构升级带来的机会,配之以有效的产业政策,促进江西新型工业化进程的深入发展。