新农村建设中的金融支持问题研究

建设社会主义新农村离不开金融的大力支持,但目前农村金融机构不断萎缩、服务水平低下,与"三农"发展的需求不相适应。本文提出了重塑农村金融体系、支持社会主义新农村建设的政策性建议。     

正式规则·非正式规则·潜规则

制度是由社会认可的非正式约束、国家规定的正式约束和实施机制所构成的体系,是为人们之间的相互关系而设定的激励与约束机制。正式规则与非正式规则是不可分割、相互依存、互为条件、相互补充,共同构成了的社会规则体系,而潜规则是正式规则的逆向选择和异化。从正式规则、非正式规则与潜规则的视角分析社会规则体系,有利于认识制度或规则之间的多重关系,有效发挥制度的激励与约束功能。     

贫困农户金融服务:研究综述与展望

小农家庭由于自身经济基础薄弱与高度脆弱性特征,往往长期处于贫困的边缘或者陷入贫困者行列之中.理解农户的经济行为、贫困成因、金融服务需求特征、形式及其作用机制,是构建多层次农村金融服务体系、切实强化农户金融服务的关键所在.本文拟就国内外众多学者对农户金融服务的研究进行梳理与综速,以便进一步研究之借鉴.     

How do middle-aged children allocate time and money transfers to their older parents in Europe?

This paper analyses the determinants of financial and time transfers from adult children to their older parents using the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). It is the first survey containing rich comparable interdisciplinary information about individuals aged 50+ from ten European countries (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland). The first part of the paper highlights the differences in the provision of upward private intergenerational transfers (in terms of both time and money) across the ten European countries. The second part describes the different determinants in the decision to provide time or money transfers to parents and evaluates whether these two types of assistance are substitutes or complements. Results highlight the existence of a substitution between time and money in relation to geographical distance and the existence of a weak substitution regarding the employment status of the middle-aged children.

基于网络信任惯例的众创团队簇协作能力互信机制研究

基于众创团队簇多阶段信任关联中存在的主体地位差异性、信任情景不确定等问题,以网络信任惯例为切入点,系统提出了团队簇协作能力互信机制分析框架。以网络信任惯例研究的复杂节点信任行为、循环交互信任模式和拓展演化信任路径为分析维度,从多团队协作互信存在的多主体、多阶段、动态性信任情景出发,总结了协作能力互信机制的概念,并梳理出机制研究关注的多元信任对象、动态信任基础以及信任机制的长效稳定性导向。借助和谐主题辨析的EOL模型,归纳出多团队协作创新在初创期、发展期和转型期面临的知识位势、角色互惠以及能力跃迁要求下的协作能力互信主题,构建了包括面向初创期认知信任、发展期结构信任以及转型期情感信任在内的互信机制,拓展了网络惯例内涵的应用范围,解构了团队簇协作能力互信的概念特征和问题导向,基于和谐主题辨析方法,丰富了协作信任效应的研究思路,对建立完善复杂动态竞争环境中的多团队间创新信任协作机制具有一定参考价值。     

双重网络嵌入与企业创新绩效

企业是社会经济的最终执行者和最小组成单元,提升企业创新绩效是实现中国经济创新驱动发展的前提和保证。在嵌入式创新背景下,企业创新活动受到知识网络中知识元和协同网络中合作伙伴的双重影响。从网络结构视角研究知识网络嵌入和协同网络嵌入对企业创新绩效的影响,运用网络可视化技术构建武汉东湖高新区生物医药领域知识网络模型和协同网络模型,分析中心度和结构洞对于企业创新绩效的影响。结果表明：①企业创新绩效与知识网络中心度呈倒U型关系而与结构洞呈正相关关系;②企业创新绩效与协同网络中心度呈正相关关系而与结构洞程度关系不显著;③知识网络与协同网络相互分离无相关性。最后,从网络结构角度提出提升企业创新绩效的建议。     

The Growth Barriers of Informal Sector Enterprises: Evidence from India

The present study investigates the growth barriers of informal sector enterprises in India. The empirical analysis is based on the National Sample Survey Organization's unit‐level data for three years, 2000–2001, 2005–6, and 2010–11. The results of the study reveal: proprietary and large firms survive and grow; enterprises managed by women are less likely to decline; inadequate power supply poses a severe growth obstacle to all categories of firms; and proprietary firms encounter capital shortage while large firms are constrained by the non‐availability of raw materials. We do not find evidence of sub‐contracting acting as an enabling factor in firm growth.     

Coopetition-based business models: The case of Amazon.com

Coopetition (collaboration between competing firms) is a phenomenon that has recently captured a great deal of attention due to its increasing relevance to business practice. However, current research on coopetition is still short on explaining how the potential advantages of coopetition can be realized over time as part of an individual firm's business model. In order to gain insights into this, we conduct a longitudinal, in-depth case study on the coopetition-based business models of Amazon.com. We find evidence of three distinct coopetition-based business models: (1) Amazon Marketplace, (2) Amazon Services and Web Services, and (3) the collaboration between Apple and Amazon on digital text platforms. We conclude by forwarding several propositions on how value can be created and captured by involving competitors in a firm's business model. As a whole, the results contribute to the current understanding of how firms – as well as their stakeholders – can better benefit from coopetition.     

Equity in informal land delivery: Insights from Enugu, Nigeria

Mounting exclusionary forces have made the task of achieving equity in urban land delivery more elusive than it has ever been. Statistics show that, in practice, most land for urban development (especially that occupied by the poor) is supplied outside state regulatory frameworks and there is overwhelming evidence of the importance of secure access to land and housing to the livelihood strategies of poor urban households. This paper, therefore, explores the issue of equity in informal channels of land delivery by drawing from insights gained from a recently concluded DFID-funded research of informal land delivery processes and access to land for the poor in Enugu, Nigeria. It finds that escalating costs and the resistance of pre-capitalist elements (some aspects of traditional culture) have meant that informal channels of land delivery are increasingly failing to meet equity concerns in providing access to land in cities, and that poor city immigrants and other vulnerable groups, especially women, are particularly disadvantaged.     

Issues in the Design of Facilitated Collaboration Processes

Groups often rely on the expertise of facilitators to support them in their collaboration processes. The design and preparation of a collaboration process is an important facilitation task. Although there is a significant body of knowledge about the effects of facilitation, there is a dearth of knowledge about the ways in which facilitators design collaboration processes. Increased understanding in this area will contribute to the effective design and use of collaboration support and to the development of collaboration process design support. The research reported in this paper explores the strategies and techniques facilitators use to design a collaboration process, and the aspects of this task they perceive as challenging. We present the results of a questionnaire among professional facilitators. We compare facilitators with different expertise levels to identify challenges in the design of collaboration processes. We discovered that although the activities performed and information used by novices is not very different from expert practices, their limited experience makes them less flexible. When the actual session brings surprises such as different outcomes or conflict, novices cannot easily adapt their designs to accommodate these.