Excess capacity,production technology and technical inefficiency in hospitality sector

This article examines the effects of excess capacity on the production cost and technical inefficiency of hotels and restaurants in Norway. The dataset includes a daily unbalanced panel of 94 hotels and restaurants from 2003 to 2014. To accommodate inefficiency, we use an input distance function (IDF). Inefficiency in the IDF means that if inputs are overused by k% then production cost is also increased by k%. We also allow inefficiency to differ across locations and regions by using them as determinants. The results indicate that excess capacity considerably affects the cost and increases inefficiency. The marginal effect on cost increases with excess capacity, but the effect on inefficiency sets in when it exceeds 50 percent. Furthermore, we find less overuse of inputs by firms in small metro towns and the Northern region causing them to be more efficient [except for the Southern and Western regions] than their counterparts.     

航材备件需求预测模型与应用研究

分析了航材消耗与需求特点,从计算航材换件次数的角度进行分析,采用简单的函数拟合算法,给出需求规律拟合公式,结合具体实例进行了器材需求预测,并给出预测。计算结果表明,计算过程简单,拟合效果较好,易于工程采用。     

从贡献分析法谈林产品生产企业的价格调整策略

本文讨论林产品企业在生产相关林产品时价格调整策略,从贡献分析法的角度,建立了调整策略的数学模型并给出了一个例子。     

培育新的消费热点 大力发展国内旅游

影响旅游需求的客观因素主要是收入和闲暇时间,主观因素主要是旅游动机。我国旅游业经过改革开放以来20年的发展,形成了相当规模的产业基础,需求条件和供给条件逐步成熟,因而国内旅游业在未来应该可以获得更大的发展,这既是提高旅游资源和旅游资本的边际效益的有效途径,也是提高人民生活质量的现实需要,它有利于稳固和提高旅游的产业地位,是促进经济发展和结构调整、扩大国内需求的有效措施。     

中国城镇化对扩大内需影响研究--基于我国省级面板数据的实证

本文在已有研究的基础上探讨城镇化扩大内需的影响,采用省级面板数据模型分析了城镇化扩大内需的影响,进而提出相应的政策建议。实证结果显示,我国城镇化与扩大内需的之间的关系呈现出了U型结构。城镇化扩大内需的效果需要一定的经济社会条件,即区域经济发展水平、产业结构、收入水平和社会保障水平等。区域经济发展水平对内需呈现出负向影响,农民人均纯收入对内需呈现出正向影响。分区域看,东中西部地区城镇化扩大内需的效果差异较大,主要归结于区域经济发展水平、产业结构、收入水平和社会保障水平等方面。基于此,本文从建立健全覆盖城乡的社会保障体系、拓宽农民增收渠道、推动区域产业结构的优化和升级等方面提出相对应的政策建议。     

老龄化趋势下老年群体的消费需求变化与产业发展对策研究

随着我国人口老龄化程度的不断加深,在经济内循环的政策驱动下,老龄人口消费需求将对我国产业发展产生深远的影响.目前,老龄人口消费需求强劲,但与之相关的医护、旅游、娱乐、地产、金融和教育等产业的发展相对滞后.政府应协同社会力量突破老年产业发展的瓶颈,扩大我国老年人的消费需求,带动国内经济发展.     

Inventory model for an inventory system with time-varying demand rate

The standard inventory problems of the multi-period have been modeled under different situations. Specifically we have considered the demand subjects of a continuous distribution and a discrete distribution, and whether the demand of each period is unchanged or not. A method to get an economic order quantity in inventory systems with discrete and unchanged demand was presented in a previous paper, and this method has been generalized to an inventory model with varying continuous demand. However, it was not achieved due to there being many classified cases in the general situations. In this article the above method is discussed in the case discrete demand to determine whether it increases or decreases from period to period. A theoretical method is presented by using previous results and some examples are given which suggest how the concept can handle on inventory system. In order to make the decision, an algorithm is also presented under some conditions, and examples are shown by using the computer software program, Mathematica, which helps to explain the findings. In general cases, we view the optimal policy in the inventory problems in only a few periods.     

2030年世界能源与电力发展展望

在系统分析世界能源与电力发展最新动态的基础上,对2030年世界及主要国家的能源与电力发展趋势以及能源与电力投资增长的趋势进行了分析预测。该分析预测结果可为研究和制定我国的能源及电力发展战略提供参考。     

吉林市中低收入群体医疗服务需求的调查分析

对吉林省吉林市315户中低收入家庭进行问卷调查的结果表明：部分中低收入群体的医疗费用负担沉重;城镇居民基本医疗保险的实效性较差;居民对医保政策缺乏了解;社区卫生服务机构没有充分发挥作用。强化政府责任,加大宣传力度,加强社区基础医疗卫生服务机构建设,提高居民医疗保障待遇,是完善我国中低收入群体医疗需求的有效途径。     

“十三五”期间我国经济——能源——环境系统变量发展预测

本文以动态可计算一般均衡模型为基础,2010年投入产出表延长表为基准数据,对“十三五”期间我国经济--能源--环境系统相关变量进行了预测。分析结果显示：“十三五”期间我国经济将实现新常态下的稳定适宜增长,GDP增速保持在65%左右,产业结构进一步优化,第三产业比重明显上升,第二产业明显下降。由于经济增长的原因,能源消费总量与碳排放总量依然较高,但能源消费结构进一步优化,碳排放强度明显降低,节能减排的形势依然比较严峻。