企业与非营利组织合作中存在的问题与对策

我国企业与非营利组织间的合作存在的突出问题主要有捐赠总额较小、慈善营销比例较大、风险意识比较淡薄、监督不力、非营利相关税制不完善等。进一步加强双方的合作，可从规范企业与非营利组织双方行为、促进非营利税制改革、增强组织交流与沟通、开发多元化的合作渠道和方式、增强风险意识等方面入手。     

非政府组织在北部湾经济区建设中的治理效能浅析

当前,非政府组织已经成为服务北部湾经济区建设的重要力量。但是,在实践中,非政府组织面临着治理的效能低下等问题。因此,需要非政府组织通过强化组织信念,构建非政府组织的社会信任机制,以及加强与政府合作等来提升非政府组织在北部湾经济区建设中的治理效能。     

Addressing food and nutrition security from a human rights-based perspective: A mixed-methods study of NGOs in post-Soviet Armenia and Georgia

Increasing numbers of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) declare a move from a needs- to a human rights-based approach (HRBA) in addressing food and nutrition security. Little work, however, has been done to reveal how HRBA to food is realized at a country level. Using a mixed methods approach, we demonstrate main challenges for NGOs’ adoption of HRBA in Armenia and Georgia. A combination of NGO operational and state level factors hamper rights-based food and nutrition work of NGOs. NGOs’ willingness and capacity to engage with HRBA to food and confront the state is influenced by the history of post-Soviet transition, views on the state versus market, and isolation from transnational actors propagating the right to adequate food.     

不确定环境下的非营利组织战略反 应研究

市场导向和组织创新是非营利组织( Nonprofit Organizations,NPO)在不确定环境下作出的战略反应,据此论文构建了环境不确定性、NPO战略反应和绩效间关联的概念模型。应用问卷调查数据及结构方程建模方法对概念模型进行检验,研究发现：(1)环境不确定性对NPO市场导向和组织创新均有直接驱动作用；(2)组织创新在市场导向与NPO绩效的关系中具有部分中介作用；(3)市场导向和组织创新在环境不确定性与NPO绩效的关系中具有完全中介作用。研究结果不仅丰富了战略管理理论和市场导向理论,同时也为我国NPO在不确定环境条件下选择合适的战略以实现组织的持续健康发展,提供了有益参考。     

Gender representation and organizational size: examining opportunities for members’ involvement in membership organizations

Members are the most important stakeholders in membership organizations; their involvement can enhance organizational effectiveness, accountability, and legitimacy. Previous literature, however, has primarily explored these concepts by focusing on staff involvement or client participation. This paper examines the determinants of members’ involvement in membership organizations using cross-sectional data from Lebanese membership organizations. Primary findings suggest that members’ involvement is affected by the gender of leadership, internal fiscal capacity, and the size of the organization; small organizations, those led by women, and organizations with greater internal fiscal capacity are more likely to have greater participation by members.     

Modelling the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation,organizational integration,and programme performance in local sustainability

Empirical analyses testing the impacts of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) remain lacking in public sector research despite strong normative expectations for public managers to foster a culture of innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, and accountability in their organizations. Drawing data from a nationwide survey of the US local governments, this research uses structural equation modelling to examine relationships between EO, organizational integration processes, and performance in the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) programme. The study finds that EO positively influences programme performance, but does so indirectly by enhancing knowledge sharing, interorganizational collaboration, and performance information use. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.     

Process-Oriented Management in Public and Private Sector

The aim of the paper is to discuss the differences between the process-oriented management in public sector organizations and private sector organizations. It is also to present the consequences of implementation of this approach and to suggest areas for further research. The process management is based on the assumption that actions should be optimized by taking into account processes, which create the dynamics of an organization. These processes are constituted by sequences of activities, which turn ideas and efforts of members of an organization into an outcome expected by a client. It seems that the implementation of the process-oriented management in organizations of the public administration may facilitate the following current clients needs and identifying new ones, which are due to changes in needs of citizens or legal requirements. The paper gives an account of the process-oriented management approach and consequences of its implementation in public sector organizations. It also discusses the obstacles to the process-oriented management implementation, primarily in the public sector. The paper is theoretical and the presented ideas need further empirical investigation. The findings can be used to enhance process-oriented management systems both in the public and private sector.     

Measuring the Performance of Voluntary Organizations

In the current political and economic climate, there are rapidly escalating demands from public funders and other stakeholders for indicators which can capture the achievements and impacts of the voluntary sector. Having clarified the context of these demands, the primary aim of this article is to develop criteria for measuring the ‘performance’ of voluntary organizations. This is undertaken by marrying relevant international theoretical literature suggestive of their roles and contributions with a ‘production of welfare’ approach, which has a proven track record in the evaluation of human services. Eight domains of performance are suggested (economy, effectiveness, efficiency; choice/pluralism; equity; participation; innovation and advocacy), embracing twenty-two separate indicator sets.     

Challenges and prospects of HRM in developing countries: testing the HRM–performance link in the Eritrean civil service

In this article, the authors examine how, when and to what extent HR practices affect performance at the employee level. As performance is a multi-faceted and complicated concept, HRM outcomes were used as mediating factors between HR practices and employee performance. The data were collected among civil servants in Eritrea, Africa's youngest and poorest country. Although the results generally are in line with previous studies using Western data, their implications in this particular country may be different. Therefore, the challenges and prospects of HR practices in Eritrean civil service organizations are critically analysed and discussed. In the authors' opinion, that the Eritrean economic and political environment within which HR practices operate has not been conducive in maximizing the impact of HR practices on performance. These findings highlight the situation of most developing countries.     

中国慈善组织的发展环境及其与政府的关系：回顾与展望

政府与慈善组织的关系涉及权力的分配、资源的分配、责任的分配以及文化的认同。从规范意义上讲，两者应是合作伙伴关系。新中国成立60年来，随着政治、经济、社会、文化环境的演变，我国慈善组织与政府的关系经历了由政府全面接管和包办，到制度惯性影响下的政府主导慈善组织协作的转变。随着公民社会的兴起，政府与慈善组织之间良性互动的合作伙伴关系值得期待。