Market structure and profitability in the international tourist hotel industry

This paper adopts Hsiao (1986) panel data techniques, with metropolitan-level panel data from Taiwan, to examine how the market structures of various related service markets and hotels’ locations affect hotels’ profitability. The empirical results indicate that: (1) market concentration in rooms could significantly improve international tourist hotels’ profitability, while concentration in the food and beverage markets have positive but insignificant effects, and (2) the locations of the international tourist hotels significantly affect their profitability.     

Optimal pest control in agriculture

Based on economic methodology we model an ecosystem with two species in predator–prey relationship: mice feed on grain and grain feeds on a resource. With optimizing behavior of individual organisms a short-run ecosystem equilibrium is defined and characterized that depends on the farmer's use of fertilizer and pesticide and on the mice population which, in turn, is affected by pesticides. In that way, a microfounded agricultural production function is derived. Linking a sequence of short-run ecosystem equilibria yields the growth function of the mice population which is thus derived rather than assumed. In each period the farmer harvests all grain in excess of some given amount of seed. If she maximizes her present-value profits, optimal farming is characterized by either using no pesticide or a moderate amount of pesticide or by applying a chattering control. Pest eradication is never optimal. On the other hand, if the farmer takes into account steady-state mice populations only, it may be optimal to eradicate mice or to use no or a moderate amount of pesticide depending on prices as well as on the shape of the grain production function which is determined by microparameters of grain reproduction.     

Outsourcing and trade in a spatial world

This paper provides an analysis of outsourcing and trade in a spatial model à la Hotelling. In this setting, we discuss the trade-off between transport-cost-related disadvantages and outsourcing-related production cost advantages of a large economy and we investigate how the existence of national transport costs influences both the structure of industrial production and the pattern of final goods trade. In addition, the model gives a rich picture of the possible welfare effects of trade liberalization. In particular, we show that a final goods exporting country definitely gains from economic integration, while a final goods importing country may lose. Finally, when lowering domestic outsourcing activities, trade liberalization may reduce world welfare, even if pro-competitive effects lead to a decline in consumer prices.     

如何应对"非市场经济国家"的反倾销歧视

我国被西方国家列入“非市场经济国家”名单，在反倾销问题上受到不公平的歧视性做法，使我国的国家利益受到严重损失。本拟就西方国家对“非市场经济国家”实施反倾销的歧视性以及应对措施进行探讨。     

失衡与重构:新农村建设中的组织问题

农村的困境在于受土地生产力产出递减规律的支配,小农生产方式潜力的逐渐枯竭,而缺乏组织的参与又难于顺利使之转向到以价值为特征的社会化、集团化的大生产。新农村建设的提出,无疑为农村发展提供了一种全新的战略设想,要使这一设想能够有效解决农村发展和转型所面临的一系列的难题,需要我们对农村的组织问题进行必要的梳理。只有把农民组织起来,才能建设社会主义新农村,只有使农民摆脱无组织的个体状态,才能使农村走上自主性的发展之路。     

我国生产性服务贸易的发展及国际竞争力分析

生产性服务作为服务业和加工业的粘舍剂．以服务业为中心将产业价值链的各个环节串连起来，成为先进工业化国家后工业化的重要特征。因而，生产性服务贸易也就成为服务贸易的重要内容与发展趋势。本文对我国生产性服务贸易进行了实证分析，结果表明：我国生产性服务贸易发展速度较快，但贸易结构落后，贸易逆差逐年扩大，竞争力较弱，影响到作为世界加工厂的我国制造业。因此，扩大生产性服务贸易，改善生产性服务贸易结构，是提高我国生产服务贸易国际竞争能力的重要举措。     

对当代国际私法学说的再认识——兼论我国国际私法学说的创立

对当代国际私法学说及其实践情况的研究表明,我国的"国际交往互利说"缺乏国际互动的条件,无法运作。"利益增进说"才是合乎我们需要的国际私法学说。     

云南深度融入“一带一路”构建对外开放新局面研究

云南深度融入“一带一路”构建对外开放新局面,有利于建设好面向南亚东南亚开放辐射中心,有利于构建“大循环、双循环”新发展格局。通过分析云南深度融入“一带一路”建设的现状、存在的问题,提出构建对外开放新局面的意见建议:系统设计深度融入“一带一路”,制定促进对外开放新局面的政策措施,积极补齐基础设施建设短板,加快建设与周边国家互联互通的国际大通道,与沿线国家协商共建自由贸易网络体系,做强各类对外开发开放平台,形成协作高效的开放平台体系,积极推动中缅经济走廊建设取得实质性进展,为深化中国与东盟的合作打造样板示范。     

Multivariate volatility forecasts for stock market indices

Volatility forecasts aim to measure future risk and they are key inputs for financial analysis. In this study, we forecast the realized variance as an observable measure of volatility for several major international stock market indices and accounted for the different predictive information present in jump, continuous, and option-implied variance components. We allowed for volatility spillovers in different stock markets by using a multivariate modeling approach. We used heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR)-type models to obtain the forecasts. Based an out-of-sample forecast study, we show that: (i) including option-implied variances in the HAR model substantially improves the forecast accuracy, (ii) lasso-based lag selection methods do not outperform the parsimonious day-week-month lag structure of the HAR model, and (iii) cross-market spillover effects embedded in the multivariate HAR model have long-term forecasting power.     

财政透明化背景下的政府治理变革

财政透明度是民主社会中更为广泛的公众知情权和政府信息披露制度的重要组成部分。中国财政透明度同发达国家相比存在很大的差距，甚至落后于许多发展中国家。本文通过对财政透明度的基础理论分析，认为财政透明化作为政府治理变革的核心，对于政府治理效率的提高有积极性影响。为了适应经济全球化发展趋势，在更多领域内参与国际竞争与合作，就必须规范政府行为，实现政府治理再造，