高技术产品、出口贸易和经济增长：来自吉林省域经济的经验证据

依据1978~2009年吉林省出口贸易和经济增长数据,考察吉林省出口贸易发展基本趋势并对比评价吉林省出口贸易省域竞争力。回归分析评价吉林省高技术产品出口与出口贸易关联性,发现高新技术产品对出口贸易增长作用明显。利用HP滤波分解出吉林省出口贸易和经济增长三类成分的作用关系检验,结果发现,滞后期的出口贸易与国内生产总值的三类成分Granger因果关系显著,表明出口贸易可以通过经济体内要素耦合作用而作用于经济增长。而同期仅水平序列的出口贸易与国内生产总值有明显的相关性,表明出口贸易对经济增长拉动作用明显但二者同步性有限。     

Analyzing air cargo flows of international routes: an empirical study of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport

Air cargo demand is an important aspect of the operation and planning of private and public agencies responsible for airports. While most existing studies in this field include only geo-economic characteristics of airports and their hinterlands as explanatory variables, this study develops a gravity model of air cargo flows by trying to incorporate more factors that might influence international air cargo flows of an airport. The model is developed based on the panel data of air cargo services on scheduled routes at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport during the years 2004-2007. The results indicate that population, air freight rate and three dummy variables, including the regional economic bloc of the “Chinese Circle”(an informal partnership between Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and mainland China), the Open Sky Agreements and long established colonial links, are key determinants of international air cargo flows from/to Taiwan. These results suggest a wider array of factors needs to be considered in policy.     

食品国际贸易的官方标准与私营标准——兼论与SPS协议的关系

食品安全是食品贸易中的焦点问题,受到发达国家官方标准和私营标准的共同关注。文章从官方标准和私营标准的内涵出发,阐述了二者的发展趋势及相互关系,分析了用于约束官方标准的SPS协议的主要原则及私营标准与SPS协议的冲突之处。研究发现,发达国家食品安全的官方标准和私营标准均越来越严格,私营标准比官方标准更为广泛和严格,私营标准尚不受SPS协议约束,且在科学依据、透明度、等效性等方面违背了SPS协议的原则。     

我国出口贸易的增长性分析

通过结合国内生产总值与外商直接投资、外商直接投资与出口贸易之间的关系发现：国内生产总值对于外商直接投资具有双重吸引作用,外商直接投资能够推动出口贸易的增长,我国的国内生产总值能够促进出口贸易的快速增长。通过实证检验得到,我国实际生产总值与出口贸易存在正向稳定的经济关系。     

论我国钢铁行业与铁矿石贸易的协同发展

作为我国基础产业的钢铁行业近年来取得了巨大的发展,伴随而来的是与其密切相关的铁矿石贸易的发展,但是钢铁行业与铁矿石贸易并没有形成协同发展的良好局面。文章对目前我国钢铁行业和铁矿石贸易发展面临的问题进行了分析,基于此提出了我国铁矿石资源产业的发展战略。     

深港共建区域知识产权贸易中心的挑战和应对策略

为了发挥香港在粤港澳大湾区高质量发展中的知识产权贸易中心地位,中共中央、国务院印发《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》,特别提出支持香港成为区域知识产权贸易中心。目前,香港建设区域知识产权贸易中心面临着建设目标和路径不明晰、有效支撑不足、统计体系不完善、政策不明确等挑战,亟需将深港共建区域知识产权贸易中心明确为国家级战略,完善知识产权贸易统计体系,出台支持政策,营造良好生态,合力提升国际影响力。     

李斯特贸易保护主义理论管窥

李斯特以“生产力论”为核心,宣扬“国家经济学说”,强调贸易保护对建立和发展民族经济的积极作用,反对英法古典经济学所倡导的自由贸易理论,主张在德国推行贸易保护政策,集中体现了处于上升时期的德国资产阶级要求在国家的扶持下,发展民族经济的强烈愿望。     

绿色壁垒的滥用与缺失--发达国家和发展中国家的博弈

绿色壁垒出现的间接原因是为了保护环境,维持可持续发展的需要,直接原因则是贸易保护主义所采取的新的贸易保护手段;基于该手段对于其运用主体有一定的要求,发达国家因此受益。但是基于该壁垒将是发展的大势,发展中国家要加快自身的改革发展,积极应对,将其带来的负面影响降到最低限度。     

What determines international tourist arrivals in India?

Using data for 18 major tourist originating countries to India from 2001 to 2015, this study examines the major determinants of international tourist arrivals in India. The results indicate that past experiences of the tourists, per capita income in the tourist originating country, relative costs of living between India and the country of origin, and the level of infrastructure development in India are key determinants of international tourist arrivals in India. Furthermore, both transportation and communication infrastructure are important in attracting tourists to India. In particular, evidence suggests that availability of road and air network and telephone connections has favourable impacts on international tourist arrivals in India. These results are robust to the inclusion of additional variables. These results have important policy implications.