贸易自由化对我国环境的影响——基于我国工业行业数据的分析

本文采用1998-2005年①我国工业行业数据,就贸易自由化对我国环境污染的影响进行了研究,结果表明:首先,贸易促使我国工业向更清洁的行业结构转变,这种结构的转变降低了工业污染排放水平;其次,贸易促进了我国环保技术的进步,由此产生的技术效应减少了工业各行业单位产出的污染排放,改善了环境;最后,由于出口规模扩大对环境产生的负效应远远超过正的结构和技术效应,因而贸易对环境的总效应为负。另外,研究结果也表明,"污染避难所"假说在我国不成立。     

严格知识产权保护效用之争:基于文献综述

当前,严格知识产权保护成为国际法律、经济、政治的大势所趋。将技术进步作为直接和间接中间变量,梳理严格知识产权保护作用机理,回顾以往文献中关于严格知识产权保护对技术转移和创新、FDI、国际贸易、社会福利、收入分配及经济增长的效用争论,从研究框架、研究模型、研究视角3个方面解释该争论。分析影响知识产权制度效用的国际、国内因素,提出最大化知识产权制度效用的生态演化系统构想。从研究内容细化、研究视角拓展、研究模型深化、研究方法多样化4个方面对严格知识产权保护效用及作用机理的未来研究作出展望。     

Agile manufacturing: Relation to JIT, operational performance and firm performance

A structural model incorporating agile manufacturing as the focal construct is theorized and tested. The model includes the primary components of JIT (JIT-purchasing and JIT-production) as antecedents and operational performance and firm performance as consequences to agile manufacturing. Using data collected from production and operations managers working for large U.S. manufacturers, the model is assessed following a structural equation modeling methodology. The results indicate that JIT-purchasing has a direct positive relationship with agile manufacturing while the positive relationship between JIT-production and agile manufacturing is mediated by JIT-purchasing. The results also indicate that agile manufacturing has a direct positive relationship with the operational performance of the firm, that the operational performance of the firm has a direct positive relationship with the marketing performance of the firm, and that the positive relationship between the operational performance of the firm and the financial performance of the firm is mediated by the marketing performance of the firm.     

基于JIT采购的3PL运输调度问题研究

研究Just in Time(JIT)背景下制造商主导的第三方物流(Third Party Logistics,3PL)运输调度问题。制造商根据其生产计划的要求进行采购。使用C-W路线优化算法,在线路规划中考虑了车辆载重量、容积以及车辆到达时间的影响,实现以最小的成本达到JIT采购的目的,并用一个实例验证了修正的C-W算法对解决采购物流中运输调度问题的适用性。     

Hybrid Delphi: A methodology to facilitate contribution from experts in professional contexts

This work presents a new methodology based on three well-known qualitative techniques (Focus Group, Nominal Group Technique and Delphi method), with a view to harmonising their potentialities and reducing their limitations, through application in real contexts with experts who are professionals in their respective activities.The main contribution of this methodology is its joint consideration of the needs of the investigators and also of experts who act in professional contexts, in order to improve the effectiveness of preceding techniques in achieving the scientific and social objectives of the study.We have tested this methodological approach in three real cases, with experts holding different responsibilities in different companies and public organisations, and the results secured are highly satisfactory, due to both the quantity and quality of the proposals obtained, and the satisfaction exhibited by the experts taking part, with regard to the research methodology.     

以客户为中心的流程再造

近年来,企业经营环境发生了剧烈的变化,流程再造(BPR)成为企业增强竞争力、适应未来的有效手段。而目前许多企业对流程再造的本质理解不足,以信息技术为中心进行流程再造。本文详细论述了以客户为中心的必要性,以及如何以客户为中心进行流程再造。     

Approximation approach for the performance analysis of production lines under a kanban discipline

In a JIT production environment, pull-type control systems are usually implemented to reduce the lead time and to synchronize the production rate with the demand rate. The design of an effective production control system requires easy and reliable approaches for evaluating the effect of the major system parameters on its performance.In this paper we model the kanban control system of a manufacturing line as a Markov process. In addition, we develop an approximation approach to the model that permits reliable evaluation of manufacturing system performance in terms of throughput time and work-in-process. The validation of the approach is implemented by comparing the exact results (based on discrete event simulation) and the approximated results.A good approximation is observed for a large range of conditions.     

适用于VLSI的一种并行乘法器结构

本文给出了二进制补码和无符号乘法器的通用表达式。对VLSI乘法器的结构进行了讨论。     

水的品质监控仪

本文介绍一种对河水污染的现场监控系统.该系统是由以微处理器为核心的数据变换器、记录器和甚高频无线电接收机组成.     

一种用于雷达可编程信号处理机的通用开发系统

本文介绍一种由微机、逻辑分析仪和一块通用接口电路板组成的简易通用数字开发系统(SVDDS),在不增加任何新的专用设备条件下,能有效地调试和开发多功能雷达可编程数字信号处理机(PDSP)的功能模板及其PDSP系统.同时,还能测试各种LSI、VLSI的静、动态特性.经实用表明,SVDDS具有开发任何数字系统(硬件和软件)的能力,而且实用性广,通用性强,经济效益极高.