微探学生管理工作实务

做好班级管理工作 :一、要把学生的学习作为中心工作来抓 ;二、要把坚持思想政治教育先行作为一个根本点来抓 ;三、要坚持着眼于人和 ,把立制度 ,重考核作为立足点 ;四、要树立“管”的观念 ,注意管理方式的运用 ;五、要坚持把班干部队伍建设作为重点来抓。     

融资制度变革的内在逻辑和次序安排

本文主要目的在于探讨我国当前金融制度的问题,并尝试探讨融资制度变迁的内在逻辑和次序安排,希望以此作为政策制定之参考。本文认为,国有经济改革、非公有经济发展以及农村经济发展等使国家改革现行融资制度的动力很足,但与此对应,各有关主体对改革现行融资制度的动力明显不足,提高融资制度效率的关键在于所有制和竞争力上。文章还在国有商业银行股份制改造、农村金融制度、非正规金融、监管和利率等方面提出了相应的建议。     

论民事诉讼回避对象的立法缺陷及完善

民事诉讼程序中回避制度的适用对象因受到当事人知情权和被申请主体资格等限制，在实践中无法得到有效的实现。这与我国回避制度的立法思想、立法技术和回避处理程序的行政化有密切关系。我国立法应当与司法改革的成果相适应，适当扩大回避对象的范围，并从程序性质的重新界定、告知制度的细化、制度之间的衔接等方面来保障当事人申请回避权的实现。     

An empirical investigation of the roles of prior knowledge and learning activities in technology transfer

This study analyzes 120 university–industry technology transfer projects. A significant positive relationship was found between the learning activities performed by the firm during the development and implementation stages of the technology transfer project and the benefits to that firm from the project. In contrast, prior knowledge of the firm about the existing technology was found to have only a marginal contribution to the project benefits. However, further exploratory analysis based on high and low levels of technical and organizational uncertainty revealed more provocative relationships.     

The role of capital investment project teams in organisational learning

The management and organisation of capital projects in the British National Health Service (NHS) is dependent upon project teams. An analysis of four case studies shows how these teams also act as agents of learning for individuals and the organisation. This article considers the process by which learning came about. In particular it identifies the ability of the project teams to develop a parallel organisation within a wider organisational context. These teams develop specific rules, roles and relationships which help individual project team members to more effectively share their knowledge with others and their organisation.     

Technological change in energy systems: Learning curves, logistic curves and input-output coefficients

Learning curves have recently been widely adopted in climate-economy models to incorporate endogenous change of energy technologies, replacing the conventional assumption of an autonomous energy efficiency improvement. However, there has been little consideration of the credibility of the learning curve. The current trend that many important energy and climate change policy analyses rely on the learning curve means that it is of great importance to critically examine the basis for learning curves. Here, we analyse the use of learning curves in energy technology, usually implemented as a simple power function. We find that the learning curve cannot separate the effects of price and technological change, cannot reflect continuous and qualitative change of both conventional and emerging energy technologies, cannot help to determine the time paths of technological investment, and misses the central role of R&D activity in driving technological change. We argue that a logistic curve of improving performance modified to include R&D activity as a driving variable can better describe the cost reductions in energy technologies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the top-down Leontief technology can incorporate the bottom-up technologies that improve along either the learning curve or the logistic curve, through changing input-output coefficients. An application to UK wind power illustrates that the logistic curve fits the observed data better and implies greater potential for cost reduction than the learning curve does.     

Learning by doing,spillovers and shakeouts

This paper studies industry evolution driven by non strategic learning by doing and spillovers. We characterize a dynamic process of cost and output changes and its effect on welfare and industry profits. The paper gives conditions for shakeouts to occur and analyzes the key factors affecting these conditions. Since shakeouts could lead to a long-run social loss due to higher market concentration, there is a role for a government to play in limiting unnecessary shakeouts. The most effective way to do so is to enhance spillovers.JEL Classification: L11, L13, O31Correspondence to: Michael TroegeWe would like to thank Hans Mewis, Christophe Moussu and an anonymous referee for valuable comments and suggestions. We also benefited from comments of seminar participants at WZB, Humboldt University, Northwestern University and the EEA/ESEM 1999 meetings. Part of the research was carried out while Michael Tröge was visiting Northwestern University. Financial support by the German Research Council (DFG) is gratefully acknowledged.     

Selection dynamics and adaptive behavior without much information

This paper uses the experimental method to investigate behavior in a coordination game when the information available to subjects is limited to their feasible choices and their experienced payoffs. In the experiment subjects converge to an absorbing state at rates that are orders of magnitude faster than reinforcement learning algorithms, but slower than under complete information. This state is very close to a mutual best response outcome. All cohorts converged to the market statistic predicted by the interior equilibrium regardless of the information conditions or the stability conditions. Eric Battalio programmed the graphical user interface. The National Science Foundation and Texas Advanced Research Program provided financial support. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the Texas Advanced Research Program.     

新世纪实施科技兴海战略的思考

科技兴海是新世纪中国海洋发展的战略选择。从我国海洋科技的现状出发，探讨了开发海洋对科学技术、人才、产业开发的要求以及实施科技兴海战略应采取的措施。     

论政府包办型生态建设补偿机制的低效性成因及应对策略

政府主导型生态建设的资金投入通过政府委托代理链最终到达“种树人”环节。由于链条本身存在重复性大规模剥蚀资金的缺陷,当资金到达最终环节时,往往因数量的大幅减少而陷入高成本低收益困境。即使那些能够到达最终环节的资金,也会因补偿机制的不适当而缺乏效率。如何克服这种由政府包办而形成的低效率补偿机制?基本途径是让资金运动绕开政府委托代理链,直接到达最终环节,实行治理成果与补偿机制直接挂钩的激励与约束机制。