基于信息技术的数字物流体系的构建

通过分析物流发展趋势和物流系统集成中存在的问题,提出数字物流的概念,构建了基于信息技术的数字物流体系,注重信息技术与物流管理的融合,并对体系中的信息技术应用进行了分析,强调建立统一、开放、标准的数字物流体系对于现代物流发展具有积极、重要的意义和影响。     

Applying Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to Environmental and Resource Economics

Many of the analyses undertaken byenvironmental and resource economics areintimately concerned with spatial variations.This article examines the contribution whichGeographical Information Systems (GIS) mayprovide in incorporating the complexities ofthe spatial dimension within such analyses. Thepaper introduces the reader to the types ofdata handled by a GIS and overviews thepractical functionality offered by suchsystems. A brief literature review issupplemented by a number of more detailedapplications illustrating various GIStechniques which may be of use to the appliedenvironmental or resource economist.     

中国医疗服务市场中的信息不对称程度测算

本文构建了一个医疗服务市场上信息不对称程度的测度模型,并基于"中国健康与营养调查"(CHNS)中微观个体调查数据,对医疗服务市场上医患双方的信息程度及其对最终的医疗服务价格的影响效应进行了实证测度。研究结果表明:(1)医患双方所掌握的信息因素对最终医疗服务价格的形成具有重要影响,同时医生相对于患者掌握着更多的信息并具有更强的议价能力;(2)几乎所有的患者都将被迫接受一个高于公正基准价格的价格,平均而言达成的医疗服务价格相对于公正的基准价格要高出26.61%;(3)年度效应分析发现,1989—2006年,各年度的医疗服务市场价格大致都高于公正基准价格26%左右,换言之,改革开放以来中国的医疗服务体制改革,并未有效起到解决"看病难、看病贵"的作用;(4)患者在城乡因素、医疗保险、工作状况、年龄以及受教育程度等因素上的异质性,对医患双方最终价格的作用是有限的。本文的政策含义是:强调通过引进竞争,强化市场机制在医疗服务市场中调节作用的改革思路,是否适合中国值得反思。解决现实中普遍存在的医疗服务价格虚高问题,回归医疗服务的公益性,需要政府更多地参与其中,并有效发挥价格规制、市场监管以及外部性矫正等功能。     

中美贸易摩擦背景下“卡脖子”技术识别方法与突破路径——以电子信息产业为例

中美贸易摩擦背景下，研究科学合理的“卡脖子”技术识别方法对攻克“卡脖子”技术、提升国家技术实力、维护国家经济安全具有重要意义。通过对“卡脖子”技术的概念和内涵进行分析，得出“卡脖子”技术的识别原则和识别方法，以电子信息产业为例，通过问卷调查法搜集关键核心技术35项，从中识别出“卡脖子”技术13项，得出电子信息产业“卡脖子”技术基础性特征突出、集成电路“卡脖子”威胁大、高端软件相对安全的结论，并从技术、企业、产业、社会层面出发提出我国攻克“卡脖子”技术的政策建议。     

Overcoming free riding in multi-party computations—The anonymous case

This paper addresses the question of multi-party computation in a model with asymmetric information. Each agent has a private value (secret), but in contrast to standard models, the agent incurs a cost when retrieving the secret. There is a social choice function the agents would like to compute and implement. All agents would like to perform a joint computation, which input is their vector of secrets. However, agents would like to free-ride on others' contribution.A mechanism which elicits players' secrets and performs the desired computation defines a game. A mechanism is ‘appropriate’ if it (weakly) implements the social choice function for all secret vectors. namely, if there exists an equilibrium in which it is able to elicit (sufficiently many) agents' secrets and perform the computation, for all possible secret vectors. We show that ‘appropriate’ mechanisms approach agents sequentially and that they have low communication complexity.     

拍卖经济理论综述

近 2 0年来 ,拍卖理论已经迅速发展成为经济学中最成功也最活跃的重要分支之一。在国内 ,政府与私人部门正与日俱增地通过拍卖机制采购或销售商品与权利。但拍卖从业界和经济学界对拍卖理论仍然相当陌生。为此 ,本文以基准拍卖模型和收入等价定理为起点 ,紧密围绕拍卖机制的绩效比较与最优拍卖机制设计问题 ,系统地介绍了近半个世纪以来国际拍卖理论的主要进展 ,同时展望其未来的发展轮廓并对这一前沿理论予以简要评述。①     

Economic implications of better information in a dynamic framework

Summary. We consider an OLG model with accumulation in human capital and analyze the economic implications of information about individual skills. Agents in each period differ by the random innate ability assigned to each individual. When young, all agents are screened for their abilities and this screening process (signal) constitutes a public information which is used in choosing the level of private investment in education. We demonstrate that in the presence of risk sharing markets better information may be harmful for all in equilibrium, and find conditions under which better information either enhances growth or reduces growth.Received: 8 September 2003, Revised: 3 March 2004, JEL Classification Numbers: D80, J24.Correspondence to: Bernhard EckwertWe are pleased to acknowledge the useful comments and suggestions of R. Benabou, Z. Eckstein, E. Helpman, B. Ravikumar and D. Tsiddon. Also, special thanks are given to two anonymous referees. This research was supported by a Grant from G.I.F., the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development.     

Structural equation model for predicting technology commercialization success index (TCSI)

Expecting high return, many firms try to invest on R&D of new technology. However, critical loss of assets would occur, when a firm fails to commercialize the developed technology. It would be of interest to provide the ideal environment for commercialization from the R&D stage. In this study, we use a structural equation model (SEM) to forecast the technology commercialization success index (TCSI) in relation to technology developer, technology receiver, technology transfer center, and environmental factors. The proposed SEM is fitted based on partial least square (PLS) estimation procedure. Individual TCSI is then found following the approach used for American customer satisfaction index (ACSI) for various combinations of characteristics of the type of technology, technology receiver, and technology developer. We expect that the proposed approach for TCSI can be used as guidance for an ideal match of technology with technology developer and technology receiver.     

论会计信息化与ERP的关系

会计财务管理在企业管理中处于核心位置,而会计信息化是会计发展的必然趋势。实施ERP是企业提高管理水平和提高竞争力的关键措施之一,会计信息化与ERP之间存在着密切的关系。会计信息化需要ERP;会计信息化是ERP的核心;会计信息化对ERP提出更高的要求;优秀的ERP可为企业创造更多的财富。     

速度竞争力:企业竞争优势分析的新视角

在信息经济时代，速度优势是企业竞争优势的重要来源，速度成为竞争中占据领先地位的关键。企业必须全面构建快速反应系统，不断提高自身对市场和技术的快速反应能力一即速度竞争力。企业快速反应系统必须以顾客需求为中心，力求在最短的时间内以最低的成本提供最大的顾客让渡价值。速度竞争优势的构建必然要求企业组织结构的再造，使之呈现网络化、扁平化、模块化发展趋势。