Writing on the Wall: Street Art in Graffiti‐free Singapore

The legalization of graffiti in many cities has impacted urban landscapes and the way artists and the public view graffiti, street art and the city as well. This article considers the genesis, process and consequences of legal walls programmes firstly by introducing and differentiating the key terms ‘graffiti’, ‘street art’ and ‘legal walls’, then by examining an empirical case, that of Singapore. Renowned as a graffiti‐averse and litter‐free city, Singapore's recent about‐turn in legalizing illicit art forms illustrates changing government perspectives on creativity and legality in the country. Why the government has effected this change, how artists and members of the public have responded to it and the resultant art forms are critically explored. The conclusion reflects on four key lessons from Singapore for cities in general.     

An agile marketing capability maturity framework

This work proposes a four-stage maturity framework for the development of an agile marketing capability (AMC) in the context of MICE tourism. Through an inductive study based on 16 semi-structured interviews with CEOs and managers, we provide a snapshot of organizations at varying levels of maturity in the management and development of AMC based on the degree of “sophistication” undertaken in approximately four dimensions (customer-oriented responsiveness, high flexibility, human collaboration, quick and continuous improvement). Recommendations to further enrich the debate toward this novel line of inquiry are presented. This study also has important implications for managers, offering a useful tool to assess and improve their marketing efforts to develop AMC and achieve greater abilities to adapt to dynamic and fast-changing environments.     

The impact of CSR satisfaction on destination loyalty: a study of MICE travelers in Thailand

The objectives of this research are firstly, to study the characteristics of CSR activities conducted for international business groups. Secondly, to analyze the factors that impact business travelers’ satisfaction with CSR activities, and thirdly, to analyze the influence of satisfaction with CSR activities on destination attachment and destination loyalty. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 127 business participants from three corporate meetings and one convention group. The results reveal the characteristics of CSR activities of corporate meetings and conventions in Thailand. Business travelers’ satisfaction with CSR activities is influenced by their personal altruistic attitudes and the efficacy of local service providers. Satisfaction with CSR activities has a direct impact on destination attachment and an indirect impact on destination loyalty. CSR activities could be used as tools to influence the revisit intention of corporate meeting and convention participants. A CSR activity during a business trip is a novel concept that can be utilized by destination management companies as well as national tourism organizations to develop satisfying tourism products.     

Ecological self-image and behaviours for children living on the streets of Harare

ABSTRACT

The present study sought to explore the relationship between street childhood and adolescent ecological self-image. The research objectives were to investigate the nature of ecological self-image for street children and to determine the ecological behaviours for street children in Harare. A psycho-ethnographic research design was employed. The participants were 16 street-living adolescent children aged between 12 and 18 years and six key informants, all in Harare, Zimbabwe. A total of 22 participants took part in this study. Snowballing was used to recruit key informant interviewees, while purposive sampling was used to recruit participants for focus group discussions, in-depth interview, and participant and non-participant observations. Thematic content analysis was used for analysing the data. Data analysis revealed that the adolescent street children's ecological self-image is largely negative. These street children seemed to have estranged from their biological families to identify with the streets.     

义乌发展旅游的契机--会展旅游

在会展市场重心“东移”的国际大形势下,发展会展旅游为中国的旅游业创造了新的亮点。处于浙江中部的义乌市以小商品名扬天下,加上本身拥有丰富的旅游资源,较为完备的旅游接待设施,开展会展旅游不失为义乌市旅游业发展的契机。通过分析义乌会展旅游资源方面的优势和不足,提出开展会展旅游的可行性,探讨其适合的方式方法,并着重提出会展旅游可作为旅游业发展的突破口。     

城市规划设计中的街道家具

认为当前国内城市规划和设计中,忽视了城市公共空间服务于人类生活品质的终极目标。论述了街道家具在城市公共空间中的功能和相应的设计原则,指出以人为本是其设计的基本准则,阐述了国内街道家具的现状,并借鉴日本的经验展望国内街道家具的发展趋势。     

城市雨水利用中的景观营造

针对城市内涝、雨水流失和地下水位下降等问题,分析了美国利用雨水营造雨水景观的成功案例如"雨水花园"和"绿色街道"工程,在此基础上提出利用园林景观的手段和材料加强城市雨水蓄滞能力,提高雨水下渗量的景观途径,并分析了具体办法。     

《长恨歌》的叙事视角转换及其作用

不同的叙事视角具有不同的功能。在白居易的《长恨歌》中,叙事视角呈现出由第三人称全知叙事逐渐向人物叙事转换的趋势,在这个过程中,由于两种视角功能各不相同,使诗歌的主题出现了由批判讽刺向同情惋惜的转移。而叙事视角转换的推动力,则来自“人”在叙事中的核心地位。