Do Japanese MNCs use expatriates to contain risk in Asian host countries?

We investigate the impact of host-country risk on the expatriation strategies of multinational firms, using data on Japanese subsidiary firms in manufacturing industries in 13 host countries in Asia. We find that country risk is negatively correlated with the degree of expatriation and that, rather than host-country risk, firm-specific factors (particularly capital intensity, ownership share of parent firms in subsidiaries and the age of the venture) explain most of the variation in the degree to which subsidiaries rely on Japanese expatriates. Contrary to previous studies, the capital intensity of production is a key explanatory firm-specific variable that correlates positively with the degree of expatriation. Japanese multinational companies do not rely on expatria127=tes to off-set host-country risk, but to mitigate risk to parent investment in subsidiaries.     

跨国公司在华直接投资独资化研究

从我国利用外商直接投资的实践来看,跨国公司正在不断加强对我国市场的投资,值得注意的是,其进入我国市场的方式正在发生变化,更多的公司采取独资或追加已有投资的方式提高其股权比例。现在独资公司已经成为跨国公司在华直接投资的一种主导形式。跨国公司独资化对我国的影响如何,应采取那些应对措施,对这个问题进行研究有利于我国更好地利用外资。     

Boundary-crossing and the localization of capabilities in a Japanese multinational firm

We conducted a case study to explore the challenges encountered by a foreign subsidiary of a Japanese multinational firm when localizing its organizational capabilities in China. Drawing on the concepts of boundaries and boundary-crossing, we identify pragmatic and cultural knowledge boundaries, which denied opportunities for the host-country employees to contribute their local expertise to augment the firm's core capabilities within the domains of research and development and operational protocols. However, within those domains that were regarded as complementary to or peripheral to the firm's core capabilities, host-country employees were granted more scope to cross the associated pragmatic boundaries.     

当代跨国公司劳资关系发展与三方机制分析

进入20世纪90年代以来,强流动性资源主导弱流动性资源配置的特征更加明显,跨国公司携资本、技术、企业家才能等流动性较强的生产要素在全球范围内追求利润最大化,而相对不可流动的劳动力资源则面临着巨大的冲击,不同国家传统的劳动力市场及劳资关系也受到了严竣的挑战。文章从全球化进程中劳资关系的发展和三方主体入手,对其行为目标和所面临的冲突进行了分析,针对如何解决劳资冲突提出了一些观点。     

Changing HRM systems in two Russian oil companies: Western hegemony or Russian spetsifika?

We contrast attempts to introduce what were seen as sophisticated Western-style human resource management (HRM) systems into two Russian oil companies – a joint venture with a Western multinational corporation (TNK-BP) and a wholly Russian-owned company (Yukos). The drivers for Western hegemony within the joint venture, heavily influenced by expatriates and the established HRM processes introduced by the Western parent, were counteracted to a significant degree by the Russian spetsifika – the peculiarly Russian way of thinking and doing things. In contrast, developments were absorbed faster in the more authoritarian Russian-owned company. The research adds to the theoretical debate about international knowledge transfer and provides detailed empirical data to support our understanding of the effect of both organizational and cultural context on the knowledge-transfer mechanisms of local and multinational companies. As the analysis is based on the perspective of senior local nationals, we also address a relatively under-researched area in the international HRM literature which mostly relies on empirical data collected from expatriates and those based solely in multinational headquarters.     

跨国公司在华增资扩股的实现机制——一个基才知识获取与谈判力量变迁的分析模型

越来越多的合资或合作企业在华经营数年后，通过增资扩股，转变为母公司控股型合资企业甚至是独资企业。针对跨国公司在华增资扩股的实现机制问题。文章在理论研究的基础上，提出了一个基于知识获取与谈判力量变迁的分析模型，并进一步探讨了影响外方合伙人知识获取以致谈判力量变迁的主要因素。     

跨国公司全球技术垄断性利用及其启示——兼论"技术创新竞争力"新内涵

发达国家跨国公司是全球技术竞争的主角和技术与创新全球化的最重要驱动力量.跨国公司全球技术垄断性利用造成的影响使我们认识到必须重新审视技术创新竞争力的内涵.技术研发竞争力、技术垄断竞争力和技术利用竞争力有机融合而形成的合力构成了技术创新竞争力的新内涵.它对中国跨国公司的成长及其技术创新竞争力的提升等具有极其重要的战略指导意义.     

Estimating the export and import demand for manufactured goods: The role of FDI

In this paper we estimate the demand for exports and imports of manufactured goods for a panel containing the majority of the EU countries as well as the United States and Japan. The model includes as explanatory factors both the traditional determinants of trade and also the stock of foreign direct investment (FDI). We apply panel unit root and cointegration tests allowing for heterogeneity. Whereas there is no evidence of cointegration when using just the traditional formulation, the results are favorable to the existence of long-run relationships linking the variables of the augmented model. Moreover, the results point mainly to a complementary relationship between trade and FDI.     

跨国公司国际研发的新趋势与发展中国家的对策

跨国公司作为全球经济的发动机，依然是国际研发的主体。但是，随着经济全球化的不断深入发展，跨国公司的国际研发也出现了新的发展趋势，跨国公司在发展中国家的研发投入日益增加，给发展中国家带来了机遇和挑战。本文认为，发展中国家在积极吸引跨国公司研发投资的同时，应该趋利避害，发展本国的经济。     

基于国家竞争优势的跨国公司竞争优势分析

文章整合价值链理论、企业竞争优势理论和国家竞争优势理论等,构建了一含基于国家竞争优势的跨国公司竞争优势分析框架,用于解释跨国公司利用各国竞争优势来实现企业竞争优势的路径以及对我国企业的启示。