跨国公司市场进入模式选择以及东道国的政策干预分析

跨国公司进入东道国具有多种市场进入模式,在大多数研究文献中,对于FDI这种市场进入模式是不加区分的,也就是不区分新设投资和跨国并购。本文研究了跨国公司对这两种模式选择的规律,分析了跨国公司市场进入模式选择与东道国福利存在的冲突,同时通过分析寡头市场和垄断型市场的差异,对政府的政策干预提供了合理的依据。     

我国企业跨国市场进入方式的选择战略

本文首先比较了不同跨国市场进入方式的优缺点,分析了并购与新建、独资与合资的各国选择经验和选择影响因素,最后指出我国对外直接投资的跨国市场进入方式选择:从投资动机看,对发达国家技术和管理经验寻求型直接投资的进入方式应以并购、合资为主,从东道国的外资政策看,我国的产业转移型对外直接投资的主要目标是发展中国家,进入方式应以新建、合资为主,从投资规模角度看,我国自然资源寻求型对外直接投资的进入方式应以合资为主。     

Top management incentive compensation and knowledge sharing in multinational corporations

Growing interest has emerged in viewing the multinational corporation as a knowledge creating and diffusing entity. The importance of sharing knowledge across organizational and national boundaries has been established in previous research. However, the question of which organizational policies lead to knowledge sharing between multinational units is still not fully understood. In particular, the link between compensation mechanisms and knowledge sharing has not received attention in previous studies. By studying 164 foreign‐owned subsidiaries located in Finland and China, this article attempts to identify the relationship between subsidiary bonus pay based on MNC‐wide performance and knowledge sharing between different units of the MNC. In line with the knowledge‐based perspective of the firm, the results suggest that incentive pay based on the collective performance of the MNC leads to greater knowledge sharing. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

跨国公司主导型国际分工及其理论创新初探

跨国公司已经发展成为国际分工的重要组织者。跨国公司主导型国际分工正从传统国际分工模式中凸显出来成为新的国际分工模式，并将是今后国际分工理论发展的主要方向。因此，全面了解掌握跨国公司主导型国际分工不仅要对它的含义进行分析，还需要对新分工模式的分工基础、分工格局和分工利益、分工效应以及贸易投资关系进行研究。     

跨国企业的文化营销

文章首先从对消费者行为的影响、对营销活动本身的影响和从现代国际营销趋势几方面 ,分析了跨国企业进行文化营销的重要意义 ;据此提出了在了解并把握目标市场的文化差异的基础上 ,跨国企业应如何培植文化营销策略 :即从产品、价格、促销、分销渠道四方面赋予丰富文化内涵的营     

跨国公司在华业务整合——以日立与摩根热陶瓷为例

跨国公司在华业务整合是近年来兴起的一种现象，随着跨国公司在华20多年的经营扩展和国际环境与东道国环境的变化，业务整合成为了一种明显的趋势。本方根据跨国公司在华经营活动的实践，提出其在华业务整合的问题。文章对该领域的研究进展进行了回顾，在此基础上运用了跨国公司全球战略、公司重构、以及环境、战略与组织等前沿理论进行阐释，并探讨了跨国公司在华业务整合的背景、动因和模式，从而形成几个维度的安例分析框架。文章对日本日立和英国摩根热陶瓷公司进行了实地造访调研，取得了一手资料，并围绕以上几个维度对调研结果进行了比较研究，分析出两公司在华业务整合的异同点，探讨了该研究对今后跨国公司在华业务整合的涵义和启示。     

The ‘country-of-origin effect’ in employee turnover intention: evidence from China

The increasing presence of foreign direct investment in China has boosted the competition for talent among different multinational corporations (MNCs) from diverse national backgrounds. This article investigates the differences in the human resource management (HRM) approaches adopted by the US, European, and Japanese MNC subsidiaries operating in China and explores the relationships between employees' perceptions toward the HRM approaches and turnover intention. Significant differences in the HRM approaches and employees' level of turnover intention were found, indicating a ‘country-of-origin effect’ in HRM approaches that subsequently influences employees' attitudes. In addition, this article produces evidence suggesting that the perception of HRM characteristics predicts employees' intentions to quit. Implications for HRM convergence or divergence debate are discussed.     

Institutional duality and human resource management practice in foreign subsidiaries of multinationals

We examine how institutional context affects the decisions that subsidiaries of multinational corporations (MNCs) make in pursuing particular human resource management (HRM) practices in response to institutional duality. Drawing on Varieties of Capitalism, along with the concept of intermediate conformity, we argue that the use of particular HRM practices by MNC subsidiaries will differ depending on both the combination of home and host institutional contexts, and on the nature of the particular practice under consideration. Using data from a survey of HRM practices in 1196 firms across 10 countries, we compare HRM practices in subsidiaries located and headquartered in different combinations of liberal and/or coordinated market economies. Our study suggests MNC subsidiaries conform only to the most persuasive norms, while exercising their agency to take advantage of the opportunities presented by institutional duality to adopt practices that distinguish them from indigenous competitors.     

在华跨国公司技术垄断倾向及超越路径

技术溢出是跨国公司影响东道国企业技术水平的重要途径。在华跨国公司受其全球化经营战略布局的制约，对其技术外溢常常实行控制策略。本文揭示了跨国公司进入中国后的企业技术垄断倾向，阐明了垄断造成的危害，进而提出了解决这一问题的相应措施。     

Political culture and foreign direct investment: The case of Italy

Does the political culture of an area have any impact on the foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions of multinational corporations (MNCs)? This question is difficult to address empirically, as locations differ in many dimensions. We therefore address this question by examining MNC investment location decisions with regard to different regions within a single country. The country we examine is Italy, which exhibits one of the highest levels of variation with regard to the political culture of its geographical regions. We find that political culture as represented by the pattern of support for political parties at different points on the political spectrum has a significant impact on the MNC investment location decision. Thus, in choosing between locations on a short list, where economic and financial location factors are roughly similar, political culture can have a determining influence. In the case of Italy, a Center-right orientation is conducive to MNC FDI, while a Center-left orientation is not. A Far-left orientation is found to have a very negative effect on FDI.