资本市场的创新与风险防范

资本市场存在外生性与内生性两种不同的风险。资本市场的创新可以分散和转移外部性风险,但加大了内生性风险,起到累积和放大资本市场风险的作用。美国次级贷款危机演变为金融危机,过度的金融创新起了传导链和放大器的作用。推进我国资本市场的创新,必须寻求创新与监管及风险防范的平衡;服务于实体经济发展的要求;健全资本市场的监督与宏观调控体系及机制;防范外部金融冲击和国际金融危机传染。     

The role of innovation in venture capital: empirical evidence from European Union and EFTA countries

This article investigates the effects of innovation attempts on the venture capital and investment activity in the cases of the selected European Union plus European Free Trade Agreement countries using annual panel data and by controlling for real income growth and business sophistication. Our findings suggest that innovation has positively significant effects on venture capital in the cases without opt-out countries (United Kingdom and Denmark); however, these effects become negative in the cases with opt-out countries. Policy implications are provided in the conclusion section of this study.     

家族企业代际传承影响企业经营绩效的路径*——基于跨代转型创业与继承人社会资本的视角

本文研究了家族企业代际传承对企业经营绩效的影响路径。基于2004—2015年间已完成代际传承的中国上市家族企业,本文从跨代转型创业视角考察代际传承对企业经营绩效的影响路径,并考察继承人社会资本的调节作用。研究发现：代际传承会导致企业经营绩效下降,跨代转型创业在上述过程中发挥中介作用。同时,继承人的社会资本会加强上述消极影响。跨代转型创业对企业经营绩效的消极影响会逐年减弱,且继承人的社会资本对此消极影响有削弱作用。     

中国企业内部资本市场的功能、陷阱及其法律规制

中国现阶段内部资本市场具有优化融资渠道、催化产业整合以及改进公司治理的功能,但由于信息不对称及代理问题而存在利益侵占、过度投资、风险扩散以及低效率补贴等诸多潜在陷阱。完善的法律规制体系将有助于减少机会主义的内部资本市场运作所带来的负面效应。     

Learning by doing,spillovers and shakeouts

This paper studies industry evolution driven by non strategic learning by doing and spillovers. We characterize a dynamic process of cost and output changes and its effect on welfare and industry profits. The paper gives conditions for shakeouts to occur and analyzes the key factors affecting these conditions. Since shakeouts could lead to a long-run social loss due to higher market concentration, there is a role for a government to play in limiting unnecessary shakeouts. The most effective way to do so is to enhance spillovers.JEL Classification: L11, L13, O31Correspondence to: Michael TroegeWe would like to thank Hans Mewis, Christophe Moussu and an anonymous referee for valuable comments and suggestions. We also benefited from comments of seminar participants at WZB, Humboldt University, Northwestern University and the EEA/ESEM 1999 meetings. Part of the research was carried out while Michael Tröge was visiting Northwestern University. Financial support by the German Research Council (DFG) is gratefully acknowledged.     

Measurement of Technology Spillovers

This paper builds an externality-based model with physical and R&D capital, proves the linearity of technology functions, and derives two measures of spillovers from the relative differences between social and private rates of return. China’s regional empiric studies exhibit a reverse direction of spillovers between foreign invested firms and local economy and provide an estimation of the spillover measures of between 13% and 18%.     

实现技术进步型经济增长的条件、路径和策略研究——基于人力资本投资的视角

提高创新效率和人力资本投资效率,采取渐进式技术进步以及经济危机的爆发和环保要求的提高等等,都可以激励企业家创新和劳动者的人力资本投资,使人力资本与技术进步形成一个良性循环,这决定了技术进步型经济增长的实现。随着创新和人力资本投资的不断进行,生产模式将不断更新,那么前后相继新旧生产模式的生产曲线的包络线就构成了经济增长的路径。发展中国家依靠技术模仿,可以发挥"后发优势"而实现短期高速增长,但是这种增长模式很难持续。采用技术模仿与技术创新相结合的技术进步方式,才是发展中国家实现长期增长和经济赶超的最佳策略。     

The microstructure of exchange rate management: FX intervention and capital controls in Brazil

This article uses a microstructure approach to analyse the effectiveness of capital controls introduced in Brazil to counter an appreciation of the Real. Based on a rich data set from the Brazilian foreign exchange market, we estimate a reduced-form VAR to characterize the interaction of the central bank, financial and commercial customers in times of regulatory policy measures. We find that capital controls change market participants’ behaviour, and that central bank interventions elicit a significant response in financial order flow. Referring to the source of order flow, we find no direct price impact by financial flows and thus no evidence that the appreciation of the Real is driven by financial customers’ activity. Instead, commercial customers seem to be a primary driver of the Real within our model.     

基于可持续发展的企业四维成本体系研究

文章从成本的角度探讨可持续发展对企业成本理念的要求,认为要适应可持续发展的要求,必须树立四维成本系统理念,即产品成本、资本成本、代理成本和环境成本.文章逐个分析了企业的四维成本,然后基于人本观提出了如何构建四维成本体系.     

信誉的价值:以网上拍卖交易为例

本文使用网上拍卖交易数据,就卖者信誉对市场交易的影响进行了实证研究。我们发现,卖者的信誉评价一方面影响物品成交的价格,另一方面还对物品拍卖成功的概率有着显著的正面影响;但相对来说,卖者的信誉评价对后者的效果比对前者要更显著。这是本文的主要发现。该结果验证了在一个没有政府干预、近乎自由放任的“虚拟”市场上信誉机制的积极作用。