Industrialisation in a small grain economy during the First Globalisation: Bulgaria c. 1870–1910

In Bulgaria the share of secondary production in GDP remained constantly low between c. 1870–1910. To explain the country's exceptionally weak growth, we use endogenous and unified growth theory. Gerschenkron and Palairet blame a self-sufficiency-oriented peasant economy for rising labour and raw material costs in industry, which destroyed the competitiveness of Bulgarian manufacturing and prevented industrialisation. We refute the existence of any long-lasting cost increases in industry after 1878. Quite the opposite was true: the expansion of Bulgaria's secondary sector was restricted by detrimental changes on the demand side, for which peasants were not responsible. Recent research claims that, around 1910, Bulgarian textile production was significantly lower than in 1870. Our study brings to light new data and information that clearly disproves this view. Until around 1910, a booming modern manufacturing sector more than replaced the country's proto-industries’ textile outputs, which had plummeted dramatically during the early years of the newly founded Bulgarian state. However, as the rise of modern manufacturing in textile production coincided with the decline of the entire large sector of traditional manufacturing, secondary production as a whole stagnated.     

制约林权抵押贷款发展的问题及对策建议

吉林省实施集体林权制度试点改革以来,银行业围绕改进＂三农＂服务,积极创新担保方式,通过开办林权抵押贷款等举措支持社会主义新农村建设,取得一定成效。但也遇到了一些难点和问题,文章对这些难点问题进行了详细分析,并结合实际情况提出政策建议。     

山东省知识产权发展现状及对策研究

在知识经济的时代背景下,不同的省份之间的竞争优势建立和该省份知识产权的现状发展有着越来越密切的关系。以山东省为例,借助网络以及文献调查,发现山东省知识产权整体上发展态势良好,但是存在着对知识产权战略缺乏合理规划、专利代理机构有待增加、知识产权人才匮乏、中小企业创新能力不够、知识产权内在驱动力急需提高等问题,与知识产权发展较快地区相比差距较大。本文认为,山东省知识产权的发展,应切实加强政府对知识产权的管理工作、加速山东省知识产权战略规划步伐、增加山东省专利代理机构、加大培养知识产权人才的力度、提高企业自主创新能力,提升山东省知识产权发展的内在驱动力等举措。     

国际税收情报交换与纳税人权利保护研究

在经济全球化的背景之下,作为国际税务合作的重要形式,国际税收情报交换制度越来越受到各国以及各国际组织的关注。在国际税收情报交换实施过程中的一大突出问题是对相关纳税人权利的漠视。在各相关国际法律文件中对税收情报交换中的纳税人权利保护作了一些规定。这些权利可以分为三个层次。实践中加强税收情报交换中纳税人权利的保护势在必行。     

THE CASE AGAINST MELIORISM: VEILED TRAGEDIES, OR WHEN COST–BENEFIT ANALYSIS IS IN PRINCIPLE IMPOSSIBLE

The philosophy of meliorism seeks to spread the cost of the tragedies of the few over the many, thus easing the suffering of the few, while hardly burdening the many. The problem with this is that such cost-spreading itself causes tragedies, except that the tragedies are veiled – they are not only unknown; they cannot, in principle, be known. Thus meliorism distributes not from the tragic few to the ordinary many, but from the visibly tragic few to another group of tragic few, the latter group unseen and unknown, hence unable to complain about this state of affairs.     

公司僵局的危害及解决

公司僵局是公司法人的休克状态或植物人状态。公司僵局无论对公司、对股东、还是对公司的债权人和社会经济秩序,都会造成严重的危害。必须对公司僵局予以高度重视,采取司法、仲裁、完善公司制度、提高股东素质等多种措施及时解决,以使公司健康发展。     

建筑物区分所有权之专有权研究

建筑物区分所有权涉及诸多法理与实务中的难点问题,理论问题如专有权的判定、专有部分的范围、专有权的权能及其限制等,实务问题涉及建筑物基本单元界定、地下车库权属界定及转移、酒店拆零销售等。     

Regional development and migration in the Lower Basin of the Zambezi River. The importance of property rights

Globalization is associated with pressures and conflicts over natural resources, with migration, urbanization and development. The analyzes these phenomena focusing the Lower Basin of the Zambezi River in Mozambique where external demand over natural resources have been associated with huge projects on transport infrastructures, coal mining and agroforestry, somehow correlated with recurring conflicts. The approach proposes and uses a regional development model that highlights the impacts of the spatial allocation of property rights on income and migration. Results show the importance of resources ownership in the spatial profile of development and social unrest.     

人力资本产权视野下企业剩余索取权的配置分析

人力资本产权理论运用于分配企业剩余索取权,有利于提升人力资本的经济利益,形成对人力资本产权所有者的有效激励和约束。本文运用博弈论方法,以剩余索取权作为研究的切入点,旨在从理论上探寻人力资本所有者分享企业剩余索取权的必要性和可能途径,以及由此给企业带来的相关效应。