An innovation to improve health outcomes in Amajuba district,KwaZulu-Natal,South Africa

Systems’ thinking places high value on understanding the context. This study focused on the collection of disaggregated data in order to understand the context, to facilitate improvement of health outcomes. The aim of this article was to assess the implementation of municipal ward-based health data collection (disaggregated data) and health care workers’ perceptions of this data collection process. This cross-sectional study used mixed methods in Amajuba district. The participants were professional nurses at the Primary Health Care level. Of the 131 respondents, 123 (93.9%) collected municipal ward-based health data, and found it useful. Opportunities for improving data collection were identified. Disaggregation of the data at ward level contributes to a better understanding of the target population’s health, assists planning for health needs and enables provision of targeted interventions in order to improve health outcomes, to prevent financial regression and waste of health resources.     

上市公司股票流动性影响因素分析

文章对金融市场和金融资产流动性的理论进行回顾和研究,把影响上市公司股票流动性的因素进行分类,具体分为外生因素变量和内生因素变量,并进一步的详细论述了宏观外生因素、微观结构因素外生变量、证券市场本身运行规律外生因素变量以及公司基本面信息内生因素变量和交易参与者行为内生变量.并对外生因素变量和内生因素变量的影响程度、范围、规避方法进行对比,通过对影响上市公司股票流动性因素的详细分类和对比研究,有助于机构或个人投资者对证券资产流动性的认识和对流动性风险的管理.     

基于Elman神经网络的商业银行信贷风险识别及评估模型

建立了基于Elman神经网络的商业银行信贷风险识别及评估模型,并通过实例验证了模型的准确性和可靠性。研究过程及结果表明,基于Elman神经网络的商业银行信贷风险识别及评估模型能够很好地反映信贷过程中的非线性因素,准确地预测出完整的信贷风险评估指标和信用等级之间的映射关系,能快速评估和有效减低商业的信贷风险。一组实例结果显示该评估模型的准确率接近90％。     

美国次级房贷及其抵押债券危机的成因分析

始于2007年初的美国次级债务问题愈演愈烈,好几家大公司和七十多家对冲基金深陷其中,对全球金融市场带来一次又一次的冲击。本文从美国次级住房贷款市场的发展、信用特征、风险度量等三方面探讨次债危机发生的原因、可能的影响及教训。本文认为,次级房贷及相关的住房抵押债券本身属于高风险资产,并且难以准确定价,风险溢价偏低致使金融机构对损失准备不够充足;美国宏观经济发展减速使得地产价格下跌更是加速了风险的释放。美国顶级金融机构深陷次债危机之中,承受巨大经济损失,再次表明风险管理不容忽视。     

全球视角下的关联交易风险分析

如何正确认识全球范围内企业集团的关联交易及相关的风险是当前会计实务中的一项重要课题。文章从全球视角下企业集团关联交易入手,阐述了全球范围内企业集团中关联交易的三种主要风险,并提出了相应的对策。     

基于ERP的企业管理变革分析

ERP推动了企业管理变革,提高了企业的科学管理水平.文章在对ERP的管理思想进行论述的基础上,对ERP的应用给企业的管理思想、业务流程、组织结构、企业文化、能力建设等层面带来的变革进行了研究,并对基于ERP的管理变革的效益与风险进行了分析,提出了规避风险的方法.     

并购中财务风险的预警及控制

财务风险可以概括为目标企业价值评估风险、融资风险、流动性风险、杠杆收购的偿债风险四种。文章试图建立财务风险预警体系,以防范和化解财务风险,并帮助企业经营者在并购过程中作出合理的选择,以达到降低财务风险的目的。     

The Lack of International Consumption Risk Sharing: Can Inflation Differentials and Trading Costs Help Explain the Puzzle?

The bulk of evidence on the lack of international risk sharing is based on regressions of idiosyncratic consumption growth on idiosyncratic output growth. This paper argues that the results from such regressions obtained from international data are, however, not directly comparable to those based on regional data: the standard practice of running such regressions on international data fails to account for persistent international differentials in consumer prices, whereas—implicitly—most of the literature based on regional data has accounted for these differences. When risk sharing regressions are set up in conceptually the same way in international and regional data sets, the estimated coefficients are also very similar. To explore this result further, we adapt the variance decomposition of Asdrubali et al. (Q J Econ 111:1081–1110, 1996) to allow for deviations from purchasing power parity across countries. While quantity (income and credit) flows are the dominant channel of risk sharing among regions, relative consumption and output price (internal terms of trade) fluctuations account for the bulk of the deviation from the complete markets outcome in international data. To the extent that persistent differences in consumer prices are an indication of goods market segmentation, our findings provide empirical evidence for the proposition by Obstfeld and Rogoff (NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000, 2000) that segmented international goods markets rather than asset market incompleteness may account for the (apparent) lack of risk sharing between countries.

基于机会约束的在险收益动态投资决策模型

本文在标准Black-Scholes型金融市场假设下,利用在险收益(EaR)来度量投资组合的风险,建立了基于机会约束的在险收益动态投资决策模型,讨论了最优常数再调整策略意义下的最优投资策略,给出了有效边界的显式表达式,并结合算例说明了模型的求解方法。