A note on deficit analysis in dependency models involving Coxian claim amounts

In this paper, we consider a fairly large class of dependent Sparre Andersen risk models where the claim sizes belong to the class of Coxian distributions. We analyze the Gerber–Shiu discounted penalty function when the penalty function depends on the deficit at ruin. We show that the system of equations needed to solve for this quantity is surprisingly simple. Various applications of this result are also considered.     

Airport traffic complexity and environment efficiency metrics for evaluation of ATM measures

For a given (current or planned) traffic demand, different air traffic management measures could result in different airport traffic complexity and efficiency. This paper presents the research on the relationship between airport traffic complexity and time and environmental efficiency for different air traffic control (ATC) tactics applied to the given or planned airport layout. Emphasis is placed on the evaluation of airport traffic complexity, aircraft fuel consumption, gas emissions and time efficiency for different ATC tactics and/or airport airfield layouts. For busy airports during peak hours, arrival queuing delays, taxi-in, taxi-out times and departure queuing delays increase, which induces additional unnecessary fuel consumption, gas emission and time inefficiency. In order to find a tool which could indicate potential delay generators, a measure of airport traffic complexity – called Dynamic Complexity is proposed. Experiments were performed for airports with different airfield layouts, for different traffic demands and ATC applied tactics using SIMMOD simulation model. Traffic situations were analyzed and delays were measured. The values of airport traffic complexity, fuel consumption and gas emissions were also determined. A comparative analysis of the results show: first, the proposed airport traffic complexity metric quite satisfactorily reflects the influence of traffic characteristics upon the environmental state of the system, and second, different ATM strategic and tactical measures (airport airfield infrastructure development and applied ATC tactics) could significantly reduce traffic complexity and increase time and environmental efficiency at the airport.     

It's Closing Time: Territorial Behaviors from Customers in Response to Front Line Employees

Retailers can benefit from an increased understanding of how human territoriality affects their relationships with customers. In the context of closing time, we show that issuance of boundary markers, or closing time cues, before the closing time boundary can result in perceptions of territory intrusion and territorial responses from customers. In study 1, we identify six types of cues used by employees to signal to customers the closing time boundary is approaching: productive, personal, audio–visual, withdrawal, hostility, and blocking cues. Three additional studies show these cues affect customers’ perceptions of intrusion pressure and their subsequent territorial responses, including: retaliation, abandonment and accession (studies 2–4) and negative word of mouth and temporary abandonment (study 4). Additionally, identification with the store can heighten or dampen the effects of customers’ perceptions of encroachment on their territorial responses (studies 3 and 4), depending on the retail context.     

Competitiveness of the Malaysian Food Processing Industry

Competitiveness is the goal sought after by governments and private sectors of many developing countries, including Malaysia. The study used net social profits (NSP) at the production level and the Porter diamond approach at the firms’ level to evaluate the competitiveness of 16 food-processing sectors from 2000 to 2008. The results indicate that processed-food industries have a comparative advantage but at a different magnitude. A time trend was fitted to track the dynamic NSP indices where positive trends indicate improvement in competitiveness. The range of NSP indices is quite wide, from RM 1,707.70 for snacks to RM 35.36 for vegetable and animal oils and fats, reflecting the need to improve resource allocation from low to high comparative advantage sectors. The NSP trend and Porter diamond conditions (demand condition, factor inputs, firm strategy and rivalry, and related supporting industries) suggested that the food processing cluster is gaining competitiveness.     

“三言”故事的叙事时间系统及其多重意义简析

“三言”文本系统的生成离不开单个篇目叙事时间的设定和安排。而这些设定本身便形成了具有自我阐发能力的符号系统。根据这一系统的指引,在“三言”研究路径的选择上获得了更大的自由度和更佳的宏观性。以此为观照基点,至少能够看到“三言”故事主题随时代演进而呈现出的伦理强化、故事朝代分布所蕴藏的时代气质以及明君典型创造中的民间参与。可以说,“三言”叙事时间系统作为“三言”研究新的增长点,具有巨大的开掘空间和发掘价值。     

从抽象和具体的辩证法中理解社会必要劳动时间

社会必要劳动时间是马克思劳动价值论的一个重要概念,但很多人认为第二种含义的社会必要劳动时间导致了马克思理论体系的逻辑矛盾,我们之所以从抽象和具体的辩证法中去理解社会必要劳动时间,其目的就是为了更好的去解释和解决这一逻辑矛盾。     

长城非“中国古代中原政权边界”论——以战国秦汉时期为视角

长城是中华民族的精神象征,而不是古代中国中原政权的边界线。从“夏”“夷”观念上看,中国北方少数民族从来没有被认定为“外国”;从长城形成的历史看,长城从来没有被当做古代中原王朝的边界线;古代中原政权也从来没有以长城划定自己的活动区限。     

国外研究生教育对我国全日制专业硕士培养模式的启示

专业硕士是一种以实践为主导培育复合创新型人才的学位类型,构建全日制专业学位硕士培养模式是我国研究生教育领域的一次重大改革.对国内专业硕士学位研究生培养模式进行了研究和整理,综述了国外研究生培养的有效模式.对研究生发展的各个方向进行比较,借鉴国外研究生教育理念,以期为我国全日制专业硕士培养模式从培养本质、培养内容、培养质量和管理机制等方面提供有益的建议.     

返乡创业企业的发展环境、生存能力与政策扶持——以重庆市江津区为例

目前,中、西部等欠发达地区返乡创业企业的初始条件和发展环境与改革开放初期沿海地区的民营经济有很大的不同,应根据返乡创业企业的后发优势和后发劣势明确其产业指向。返乡创业企业大多处于创业初期的幼弱期和高危阶段,具有高淘汰率、高新增率、短生命周期、竞争力偏弱的特点。创业资金不足、企业规模小、层次低、管理人才和熟练技术工人缺乏、产业关联配套支撑不足是制约返乡创业企业生存与发展的主要因素。同时,政策行政整合不够、时效性偏短、覆盖度偏低等弱化了返乡创业扶持政策的效用。应加大对返乡创业企业的资金扶持,加强投资引导和产业分类分区引导;强化行政整合,从短期性扶持政策转向持续性扶持政策,扩大政策受益面。     

城乡居民社会养老保险缴费激励机制研究——以湖北省为例

城乡居民社会养老保险缴费激励机制影响着人们的参保行为,目前"城乡居保"制度运行中存在着人们倾向于选择低缴费档次、中青年群体参保积极性不高、中途中断缴费及隔年补缴等问题,影响"城乡居保"保障水平和制度的可持续发展。文章分析了湖北省缴费补贴机制现状及存在的问题,在借鉴平湖市"城乡居保"政策的基础上设计了湖北省"城乡居保"新型缴费激励机制并进行了评估,结果发现该机制基本符合湖北省情且具有可操作性,能够鼓励人们积极参保、多缴费、长缴费,最后提出了完善现行制度的政策建议。