Effects of subject pool culture and institutional environment on corruption: Experimental evidence from Albania

This research uses experimental methods to investigate whether subject pool culture and institutional environment have an effect on participants’ corrupt behavior in the laboratory. While we find that subject pool culture does not affect the overall magnitude of corruption of laboratory participants, it does affect the likelihood of corruption and its distribution. Additionally, we find that the effect on corrupt behavior differs with the framing of the experiment’s instructions. Interestingly, in the context of a weak rule of law and high levels of corruption, loaded negative instructions positively affect corrupt behavior of firms and public officials. Previous research in the context of a country exhibiting a strong rule of law and low levels of corruption finds no framing effects. We also find that increasing the probability of detection significantly reduces corruption as measured by the amount of the bribes offered/accepted and the probability of offering/accepting a bribe. Finally, we find that individual risk preferences negatively affect the level of corrupt behavior.     

维吾尔语宾语问题研究

"间接宾语"说是抛开维语的形态,强调意义的产物。抛开形态谈意义,必然会出现间接宾语和状语难以区分的问题,给语言研究、翻译和教学带来诸多不便。本文认为,只有带宾格标志的才是宾语,应把"间接宾语"归为状语,这是符合语法发展规律的。     

应对“意大利面条碗”效应——兼论东盟在东亚合作中的作用

伴随着东亚地区经济体迅速签署大量的FTA,导致东亚地区出现所谓的意大利面条碗效应。特别是东盟从自身利益出发,推动建立了东盟+1FTA网络,试图充当轮轴国,这一做法更加恶化了意大利面条碗效应。为了应对意大利面条碗效应,有必要在东亚地区推动建立大范围的FTA,目前看来更可行的办法是先加强东盟内部贸易便利化和能力建设,以期2015年东盟自贸区建成后能开始推动东亚地区实施统一原产地规则方面的贸易便利化措施。     

规则流变视角下农村基层治水体系建设——以福建省永春县农田水利设施管护改革为例

实施乡村振兴战略以来,各级政府对农村水利的投入不断增加,然而"政府管不到、集体管不好、市场管不了"的现象仍然存在,跨村水利管护机制缺失、基层治水规则与秩序失范问题亟待解决。本文以福建永春县吾峰镇农田水利设施管护改革为例,分析基层村镇场域中治水规则的建立与变革,从边界、身份、选择等7项规则入手剖析其对基层治水有效性的作用机制。研究发现,治水规则深刻影响了吾峰镇水利管护的行动情境:边界规则突破了原有以行政边界划定的资源治理边界,并鼓励企业等新行动主体进入;身份规则、选择规则明晰了管护主体的合约关系,确定了权责监督机制;偿付规则实现了良好的激励作用;信息规则推进了基层治水的公开、透明化运营;聚合规则创新了基层民主的可实现形式;范围规则通过试点选择创造了政策空间。在7项基层治水规则的共同作用下,吾峰镇农田水利设施管护改革摆脱了管护主体缺失困境和跨域治水合作困境,实现了治水行为的规范有序和管护绩效的稳步快速提升,促进了农村基层治水能力的现代化建设。     

地方财政支出与地方经济增长关系的区域性分析——基于江苏沿海区域的面板数据经验研究

通过数理方法分析地方财政支出与地方经济增长的关系,并利用江苏沿海区域1999-2006年的相关数据建立面板数据模型实证研究,发现江苏沿海区域财政支出规模没有达到最佳,财政支出结构不尽合理。这试图为地方政府在发展地方经济过程中,对自身行为边界的把握和行为手段的选择提供理论依据。避免存在着经济职能的“缺位”、“越位”、“错位”问题。     

再论三峡库区旅游地空间的变动与重构——对《论三峡库区旅游地空间的变动与重构》的检验与发展

文章在梳理总结现有三峡旅游地空间结构研究的基础上,以2003～ 2009年三峡旅游地15区县的国内游客数和国内旅游收入数据为基础,运用位序—规模律对空间结构的变动进行了量化研究.文章发现,三峡旅游地总体上已经从空间极化阶段向均衡阶段转变,旅游产品变化、旅游交通完善和政府主导的跨区旅游企业整合等是影响空间重构的主要因素,并还将持续发挥影响.目前三峡旅游地已经形成了以万州和宜昌(夷陵—秭归)为组织核心,东段以三峡大坝—巫山—奉节为主要旅游吸引物,长江主航道、沪蓉、沪渝高速为主要轴线的旅游空间结构,但西段旅游组团的核心由丰都转为武隆,更多地表现为重庆都市圈旅游的特点,旅游空间结构的“东西分化”趋势明显;并有沿大宁河、神农溪等跨区旅游合作轴线向神农架和恩施州南北扩张的趋势.     

States and economic growth: Capacity and constraints

State capacity has become one of the most discussed concepts in development economics and political economy. In this survey we argue that the study of economic history provides vital insights into the process through which modern states have acquired ‘state capacity’. By evaluating the process of state building across a range of different countries in Europe and Asia, we are able to ‘decompress’ the relationship between state capacity and economic growth. Our analysis emphasizes the variegated nature of the state building process. We focus on recent research that helps to elucidate the mechanisms that relate state capacity to economic growth.     

Innovation, rule breaking and the ethics of entrepreneurship

This article examines a feature of the ethics of entrepreneurship that is infrequently directly discussed, viz., rule breaking. Entrepreneurs are widely said to engage in rule breaking. Many examples of this appear in popular and academic literature. But how may this be integrated into an account of the ethics of entrepreneurship? One response would be that when entrepreneurs break legal and moral rules then what they do is wrong and ought to be condemned. There is a great deal to be said for this rule model of entrepreneurial ethics. However, this view is also mistaken. Instead, this article defends a virtue-based account of the ethics of entrepreneurship in which certain instances of rule breaking, even if morally wrong, are nevertheless ethically acceptable and part of the creative destruction that entrepreneurs bring not only to the economy but also to morality.     

早期列宁建设法制国家的思想探索

俄国伟大的导师列宁提出了关于立法、执法、司法、守法和法律监督等一系列崭新理论,并在实践中逐步形成了建设法制国家的思想,极大地丰富了马克思主义法学宝库,对于我们今天实施＂依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家＂的治国方略,具有极为重要的启示和指导意义。     

重大保险风险测试及其对再保险定价的影响

2010年我国保险行业实施《企业会计准则解释第2号》后,在保费收入的会计确认上发生了重大变化,要求保险公司对签订的再保险保单进行重大保险风险测试。重大保险风险测试对再保险保单的影响重大,本文主要阐述重大保险风险测试问题的提出以及主要测试方法,并从实务角度出发,分析我国的重大保险风险测试规定对临时再保险、非比例合约再保险和比例合约再保险等再保险保单定价的影响。