Casino regulations and economic welfare

Abstract This paper studies the entry and tax regulation of oligopolistically competitive privately run casinos and government‐run casinos in a jurisdiction. We highlight three important external effects from casino‐style gambling: non‐casino income creation, social disorder costs, and cross‐border gambling. The laissez‐faire equilibrium need not be overcrowding compared with regulated or government‐run regimes. Entry regulation may lead to higher jurisdiction welfare than tax regulation. Government‐run casinos always operate on a larger scale and achieve higher welfare than other regimes, given the same number of casinos. With an endogenous fraction of external gamblers, a dispersed casino configuration yields higher welfare than a centralized one.     

浙江中部地区旅游开发布局研究

本文将浙江中部地区旅游业开发布局拟为：立足金华、联络四方、优化结构、筑成特色、面向市场、全方位开拓．并加以论述。     

风险因子调整的三阶段剩余收益模型的应用研究——基于中国资本市场1999～2010年截面数据分析

在总结梳理奥尔森模型及后来学者所提出的系列三阶段剩余收益模型基础上,选择有代表性的三阶段剩余收益模型（TSSV-θ）,结合作者提出的新的三阶段剩余收益模型,即风险因子调整的三阶段剩余收益模型（RIM-σ^2）,利用中国市场的数据进行实用性比较研究,同时选择单一上市公司数据就RIM-σ^2模型进行实际的运用分析。结果表明,RIM-σ^2模型在理论和实证上均具有较好的优越性和实用性,可以作为一种有效的企业价值评估方法。     

Localized innovation, localized diffusion and the environment: an analysis of reductions of CO2 emissions by passenger cars

We investigate technological change with regard to CO₂ emissions by passenger cars, using a Free Disposal Hull methodology to estimate technological frontiers. We have a sample of cars available in the UK market in the period 2000–2007. Our results show that the rates of technological change (frontier movement) and diffusion (distance to frontier at the car brand level) differ substantially between segments of the car market. We conclude that successful policies should be aimed at the diffusion of best-practice technology, and take account of the different potential for further progress between different segments of the market (e.g. diesel vs. gasoline engines and small vs. large engines).

Two new proofs of Afriat’s theorem

Summary. We provide two new, simple proofs of Afriats celebrated theorem stating that a finite set of price-quantity observations is consistent with utility maximization if, and only if, the observations satisfy a variation of the Strong Axiom of Revealed Preference known as the Generalized Axiom of Revealed PreferenceReceived: 12 June 2003, Revised: 9 October 2003, JEL Classification Numbers: D11, C60.Correspondence to: A. Fostel     

论在中国B2C发展的若干问题

我国电子商务的环境在不断改善,接受网上购物方式的消费者越来越多.但2001年中国B2C并没有表现出太多令人欣喜之处,甚至部分曾经领先的电子商务网站不得不面对生死存亡的抉择.造成这种现状的原因不仅仅是电子商务整体的一些原因,也包括一些影响B2C发展的特有原因.如市场发育问题、互联网的环境和条件问题、信用制度完善的问题、物流配送问题、立法问题、具体经营问题等.这些瓶颈若不能得到合理的解决,对于电子商务发展的影响将会是巨大的.     

Delays and equilibria with large and small information in social learning

The general model of social learning with irreversible investment and endogenous timing is analyzed for any distribution of private informations. Strategic complementarities and multiple equilibria appear which are generated solely by information externalities. Different equilibria generate strikingly different amounts of information. The impacts of various assumptions (bounded beliefs, large number of agents, discrete time and short periods) are examined carefully. The properties are robust to the introduction of observation noise with a continuum of agents.