Reducing visitor car use in a protected area: a market segmentation approach to achieving behaviour change

This research uses a market segmentation approach to reducing transport-related environmental burdens from visitors, while maintaining economic benefit. The approach was tested in the Lake District National Park (UK). It aimed first to explore visitor transport behaviour using a social psychological framework, to understand what might best predict desired behaviour change (i.e. reduced visitor car use). Second, it developed and tested different types of marketing messages to reduce car use, based on persuasive communication theory, establishing marketing propositions appropriate to different visitor types and market segments. Third, it identified market segments with both a high propensity towards positive behavioural change and the highest economic contribution to the destination. The work is based on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour and on persuasive communication. Three hundred and ninety completed questionnaires were obtained. The paper emphasises the importance of context in successful communication to influence behaviour and shows that a market segmentation approach to behavioural change can be successful. Complex patterns of visitor mobility and modal choice emerge. For example “New Explorers” and “Familiar Families” are most likely to reduce their car use (45% and 48% respectively) and less likely to perceive this as difficult.     

我国人口老龄化高峰来临前夕的挑战与机遇

本文分析了我国急剧人口转变和快速老龄化的状况与趋势。本文认为,我国应当抓住人口超高龄化高峰来临前的有利时机,将不断增多的国民储蓄向长期投资类型的积累性养老金资产转变。同时．与国际资本市场合作,为经济发展提供长期动力,做好迎接人口老龄化高峰的准备。     

建立以市场为导向的风险投资机制

加速科技成果向现代生产力转化是当前我国经济发展的战略性问题。针对我国风险投资发展现状,提出必须建立以市场为导向的风险投资机制．即建立多元化的社会筹资机制。政府风险投资基金．有实力的大型企业集团投资,社会公众的创业基金,国外资金,都可以作为风除投资的本源;建立责、权、利相结合的资金运作机制,提高风险企业的市场运作能力,建立风险企业合理的经营机制;建立有效的资本退出变现机制,包括企业或资产公开上市和产权转让两个主要方面。     

股市波动对股市募资的影响——基于VAR模型实证分析

本文选取1991年8月至2010年7月一级市场实际募集资金、上证指数及深成指的月度数据作为样本,运用向量自回归(VAR)模型、格兰杰因果关系检验、脉冲响应分析及方差分解方法分析股市波动与股市募资的关系,实证分析表明:股市波动是股市募资的原因,其中深成指对股市募资的影响较大;股市募资对股市波动短期有强劲的响应,在长期趋于稳定;股价指数和股市募资存在长期均衡关系。并且在定量分析和定性分析相结合的基础上给出相应的对策建议。     

基于价值创造的企业构成、能力与持续竞争优势

文章提出了基于价值创造的企业行为过程理论模型。在此基础上,指出了企业构成;深入研究了企业能力及其提升：剖析了持续竞争优势形成的内在机理与外在标志。最后,形成了基于价值创造的企业构成、能力、持续竞争优势与市场位势的内在逻辑关系模型。     

外资企业进入内销市场的障碍与对策研究——以东莞市为例

外资企业进入内销市场是中国加入WTO后中国经济政策走向的一个重要内容,但从东莞调查的情况看,外资企业的内销还处于起步阶段,其原因就在于目前内销市场还存在外部进入障碍和内部市场障碍。为此,政府应转变外销优于内销的政策倾斜;改变把国内外两个市场截然分开的政策与管理模式,统一准入标准;发挥保税区和保税物流区整合物流、强化内销的作用;加强内销市场的监管,加大知识产权保护和规范企业行为。     

上市公司财务舞弊及其市场效应

从GONE理论"暴露"因子的角度出发,以2002～2005年间被中国证监会处罚的51家财务舞弊上市公司为例,选取对照样本观察舞弊的短期和长期市场反应。与舞弊行为导致社会资源错配而造成的巨大损失相比,监管部门对舞弊行为、尤其是舞弊责任人的处罚力度不够。发展艰难,诉讼不断,以及股价的持续下跌都很大程度上增加了舞弊公司今后的再融资成本。     

林地承包经营权流转中存在问题与对策分析

在分析林地资源流转涵义的基础上,对林地资源流转现状进行了调查分析,指出林地资源流转中存在的问题,提出在森林资源市场化配置方面,政府应发挥调控作用,并进一步提出解决森林资源流转中存在的问题应采取的对策措施。     

以石料矿权拍卖为突破口推进矿权市场建设

本文以石料矿权拍卖为突破口,论证了推进矿业权市场建设的五大举措.     

Market and Cost Structure in the U.S. Beef Packing Industry: A Plant-Level Analysis

A resurgence of consolidation in the U.S. meat packing industry in the past few decades has stimulated academic and policy debate. Issues raised include the role of cost economies in driving these patterns, and the effects on the agricultural sector (cattle producers) from market power. Here, plant level cost and revenue data for U.S. beef packing plants are used to estimate a cost-based model incorporating cattle- and output-market pricing behavior. The robust results indicate little market power exploitation in either the cattle input or beef output markets, and that any apparent evidence is counteracted by cost efficiencies such as utilization and scope economies.