能力差异视角下农户参与特色农业项目的减贫效应研究

基于武陵山区特色农业发展地区农户的微观调研数据,综合运用熵值法和倾向得分匹配法（PSM）实证分析农户参与特色农业项目的减贫效应以及不同参与能力水平农户的差异。研究结果显示：贫困农户的参与能力水平远低于非贫困农户,且参与行为有着明显的能力依赖特征,导致低能力水平的贫困农户存在参与不足的情况。农户参与特色农业项目具有显著的减贫效应,参与的农户比没有参与农户的贫困发生几率低10.11%。基于不同参与能力农户的进一步比较发现,农户参与特色农业项目的减贫作用有着明显的"益弱性"特征,同时对于低能力水平农户又有着一定的"门槛"约束。     

政府主导型农地经营权抵押贷款对农户收入效应的影响基于成都温江与崇州市对比分析

目的 由于成都市温江区和崇州市农地经营权抵押贷款类型均属自上而下的政府主导型,可将两地进行合并讨论政府主导型农地经营权抵押贷款对农户收入效应的影响,同时相较崇州市,成都市温江区在担保和抵押物处置环节引入第三方参与而更趋于市场化运作,因此将两地进行对比分析以进一步探讨第三方参与是否会使农户信贷约束和收入效应产生显著差异。方法 文章将成都温江和崇州市作为研究区域,通过实地调研共获取249个样本,采用倾向得分匹配—双重差分法（PSM-DID）探讨政府主导型农地经营权抵押贷款对缓解农户信贷约束、增加收入的影响。结果 政府主导型农地经营权抵押贷款能缓解农户信贷约束、增加农户户均总收入、户均农业收入和户均非农收入,且引入第三方参与的温江区相较崇州市在信贷约束缓解程度、农户收入提升方面表现更优。结论 应大力推广政府主导型农地经营权抵押贷款和积极引入第三方参与,以扩大农地经营权抵押贷款规模,促进农户增收和释放土地红利。     

农户参与农业全程生产托管诱因及福祉效应研究

[目的]农业生产托管作为面向小农户的社会化服务体系,在一定程度上解决了小农户在劳动力、技术、资金等方面的实际困难,对农户福利变化及差异产生重要影响。研究农户参与的诱因及福祉效应,对于促进农业生产托管推广应用,实现农业现代化发展有着重要的现实意义。[方法]基于2021年陕西省关中地区1 169份农户微观调研数据,文章通过熵值法对农户的主客观福祉水平进行测算,并运用倾向得分匹配模型实证分析农户参与全程托管的诱因及对其福祉效应的影响。[结果](1)农业全程托管对农户的主客观福祉水平均具有显著的正向影响,不仅在收入与物质需求、选择与行动自由两个维度上增进农户的客观福祉,也有助于农户主观福祉中“三生空间”满意度的提升。(2)全程托管的福祉效应在不同群体间存在显著的差异,对老龄化程度高、经营规模0.67hm²(10亩)以下及粮食作物种植的农户和家庭福祉效应的提升效果较佳。(3)农户全程托管是其理性决策的结果,个人及家庭特征、农业经营特征及组织支持等是农户全程托管的重要影响因素。[结论]继续加大农业生产托管的推广普及,扩大全程托管覆盖面。结合农户特征,制定差异化、精准化的支持举...     

Mobile money,family assistance and welfare in Cameroon

This paper aims to investigate the effect of mobile money services on the welfare in Cameroon. It specifically verifies whether the welfare of people benefiting from family assistance is improved via the mobile money services offered by the two main operators in the country, namely: Orange and Mtn. The data used come from the « FinScope Consommateur Cameroun » Survey carried out in 2017 by the National Institute of Statistics (INS). Based on the propensity scores estimations, this study shows a positive and significant effect of mobile money on welfare. However, among the operators, Orange has a better impact compared to Mtn which does not present a significant effect. These results call on the authorities in charge of the development and implementation of financial inclusion policies to recognize the interest of digital financial services at the heart of financial inclusion strategies for the welfare of the poor.     

环境规制如何影响了制造企业的成本加成率

本文以“十一五”以来环境规制政策的实质性推进为“准自然实验”，基于2000—2011年《工业企业污染排放数据库》和《中国工业企业数据库》合并得到的微观面板数据，运用双重差分倾向得分匹配方法(PSM-DID)，考察环境规制政策实施对制造企业成本加成率的影响效果及其微观作用机制。研究发现，环境规制政策显著提升了制造企业的成本加成率；环境规制对成本加成率的促进作用主要通过创新补偿机制实现，市场结构变动机制对成本加成率的影响不明显，遵循成本机制对成本加成率的影响为负；环境规制政策对高污染行业和中部地区制造企业成本加成率的促进效果更强。     

Impact of Outward Foreign Direct Investment on Chinese Manufacturing Firms' Financialization and Servitization

This study examines the impact of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on Chinese manufacturing firms' financialization and servitization. Using a difference-in-differences approach with propensity score matching, we found that OFDI encouraged firms' financial and service activities. The effects of OFDI on financialization were stronger for firms specializing in short-term financial assets, operating in labor and technology-intensive sectors, investing overseas to pursue production, resources and markets there, and investing in non-OECD and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries. Meanwhile, firms investing overseas were more likely to provide services at the sale or postsale stages. Outward foreign direct investment has also boosted the service activities of firms operating in the technology-intensive sector by investing overseas to seek resources and markets, as well as investing in non-OECD and BRI countries. Finally, OFDI partially influenced the extent of financialization and servitization of firms by affecting their profit-making ability.