Individual attitudes towards the impact of multinational corporations on local businesses: how important are individual characteristics and country-level traits?

We study the importance of individual characteristics and national factors influencing individual attitudes towards the impact of multinational corporations on local businesses. Our sample includes more than 40 000 respondents in 29 countries from the 2003 National Identity Survey conducted by the International Social Survey Programme. We find that individual demographic factors and socioeconomic status, such as gender, age, income and education, are strong predictors of their attitudes. For example, income and education are positively associated with favourable attitudes towards the impact of multinational corporations (MNCs) on local businesses while age is negatively associated with individual attitudes towards MNCs. In addition, hierarchical ordered logit model results show that approximately 8% of total variations in individual attitudes around our sample mean are not explained by differences in personal traits. Instead, they are due to country-level heterogeneity such as, but not limited to, different degrees of openness or different aggregate income.     

我国城乡收入差距扩大的原因及对策

中国农村社会经济状况发生了深刻的变化。从总体上看,农村居民摆脱了极度贫困,物质文化生活水平得到明显改善,基本上稳定地解决了温饱问题,奠定了向小康迈进的基础。这是具有重大历史意义的社会进步。我国居民收入差距不断扩大的现象,必然导致贫富两极分化,影响社会的稳定。针对如何缩小收入差距,需要从城乡收入扩大现状、具体表现进行分析,进而提出缩小收入差距的对策建议。     

金融市场的分形和混沌研究综述

主流的金融计量理论是以价格的随机游走和收益的正态分布假设为基础的,而时金融市场价格的分形和混沌研究,则从非线性的角度揭示金融价格的波动规律,并对主流金融计量理论提出了争议和挑战.本文对金融市场的分形和混沌研究做了全面综述,并进行了评价和展望.阐述了这些研究的意义,揭示了经济变量和金融市场价格的非线性特征,并对其机制进行了深入分析.不足之处是这些研究还不能很好地应用于实际经济和金融过程,去解决实际的问题.在定价、建模和预测方面还面临很多困难.对金融市场的非线性研究,让我们对现实世界的理解更加深入和精细.但这些研究并不意味着否定传统经济学理论.正是在不同理论的不断争论和互相印证的过程中,推动金融计量理论不断向前发展.     

Price gouging versus price reduction in retail gasoline markets during Hurricane Rita

Using extensive hand-collected retail gas prices, I show that there was no price gouging in Bryan/College Station during Hurricane Rita. Instead, the retail price markup dropped by twelve cents during the hurricane, despite most stations running out of gas.     

长期协议、价格指数和铁矿石定价研究

在长期协议市场和现货市场并存的条件下,当市场存在不确定性和信息不对称时,可以减小随机交易波动,这不仅有利于保持长期协议供给方的领先优势,还能有效降低市场的均衡价格。在我国进口铁矿石定价体系中,国外厂商铁矿石价格指数和中国铁矿石价格指数存在差异和共同点,因此,只有建立运行高效的铁矿石市场交易机制,我国才能获得国际铁矿石定价权。     

高资本充足率一定有助于银行体系稳定吗——基于房地产调控的视角

当银行面对房地产价格冲击试图保持一定的资本充足率时,较轻的冲击就可能导致银行不稳定成为一种自我实现的结果,而当银行不维持最低资本充足率时,较为严重的房地产价格下跌才有可能导致银行的不稳定,可见,高资本充足率在一定程度上反而增加了银行体系的不稳定性.在特殊情况下,适当降低银行的资本充足率或补充资本、降低法定存款准备金率等增加银行体系流动性的政策可能是有益的.     

Global Warming and German Agriculture Impact Estimations Using a Restricted Profit Function

This study uses the concept of shadow prices formeasuring the impacts of climate change. By estimatinga restricted profit function rather than a cost or aproduction function the explanatory power of the modelis increased because of an endogenous outputstructure. Using low aggregated panel data on WesternGerman farmers, the results imply that the agricultural production process is significantly influenced by climate conditions. Simulation results using a 2 ×CO₂ climate scenario show positive impactsfor all regions in Germany. Interestingly, the spatialdistribution of the gains is indicating no advantagefor those regions, which currently suffer frominsufficient temperature. Finally, the importance ofan endogenous output structure is confirmed by thefinding that the desired product mix will drasticallychange.     

科研人员的时间分配与生活满意度--性别的视角

在各种职业群体中,专业技术人员工作时间最长,作为其子群体的科研人员工作时间长、压力大是不争的事实,但目前学术界对科研人员时间分配状况与其生活满意度的关系还没有可靠的研究。本研究利用“科技工作者时间利用状况调查”数据,分析我国科研人员时间分配状况与生活满意度的关系,并对其中的性别差异做分析。研究发现,工作时间中科研时间所占的比例与满意度负相关,家务劳动时间过长或过短都负面影响满意度,通勤时间也负面影响满意度,睡眠时间越长满意度越高,休闲娱乐时间长短对满意度的影响不明显;男性科研人员和女性科研人员时间分配与满意度关系模式不同,科研时间占比、通勤时间对男性有影响,家务时间对女性有影响。     

知识型人才流失的冲击及对策分析

在知识型经济涌现的时代背景下，知识型人才已成为企业的生命源泉，是企业核心竞争力的根本来源。然而，不容忽视的是．知识型人才流失已经成为冲击企业战略决策和运营，影响和制约企业发展的主要障碍。因此，有必要从理论层面和实践层面对企业知识型人才流失造成的冲击进行深入分析，探寻其形成的主要原因，进而提出相应的对策。