A model-based decision support system for solving vehicle routing and driver scheduling problems under hours of service regulations

In principle, hours-of-service (HOS) regulations are intended to help ensure truck drivers get adequate rest and perform safe operations. The new HOS regulations, however, may lead to substantial cost increases for regional common carriers which have already been hit hard by rising fuel prices and declining shipping demands. In addition, the new HOS regulations complicate driver schedules by not only restricting the driver's consecutive driving hours, but also expanding off-duty hours. To deal with this complex challenge, we propose a model-based decision support system (DSS) that helps determine the truck driver's working hours, rest periods, and his/her assigned truck's schedules and routes under HOS regulations. As a core of this model-based DSS, we developed a mixed-integer programming model and a simulated annealing metaheuristic for solving it. This model was also integrated with a geographical information system and relational database management system to enhance interfaces between the model and its parametric data using spatial, graphical displays.     

逆向选择视角下信用评分机制与担保机制的效用研究——基于淘宝网的案例分析

文章以淘宝网U盘市场交易数据为样本,对信用评分机制和担保机制进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,信用评分机制和担保机制都有利于减少逆向选择所带来的负面影响。从两种机制对交易效率的影响来看,虽然信用评分机制对网络交易量仍然有显著性的影响,但担保机制对网络交易量的影响要明显大于信用评分机制对网络交易量的影响。从两种机制的相关性来看,尽管从时间和逻辑关系上讲,担保机制后于信用评分机制,但担保机制不能完全替代信用评分的作用,二者之间应该是一种互补的关系。在存在担保机制的情况下,消费者对网络商品的购买选择依然受到信用评分机制的影响。最后,最后文章提出了改进信用评分机制和担保机制的策略建议,以期促进网络交易效率的提高。     

Dynamic stability and reform of political institutions

This paper examines endogenous institutional change in a class of dynamic political games. The political aggregation rules used at date t+1 are instrumental choices under rules at date t. Effectively, rules are “players” who can strategically delegate future policy-making authority to different rules. A political rule is stable if it selects itself. A reform occurs when an alternative rule is selected. The stability of a political rule is shown to depend on whether its choices are dynamically consistent. For instance, simple majority rules can be shown to be dynamically consistent in many common environments where wealth-weighted voting rules are not. The result extends to political rules that incorporate private activities such as extra-legal protests, threats, or private investment. The approach is one way of understanding various explanations of institutional change proposed in the literature. A parametric model of public goods provision gives an illustration.     

我国价格垄断协议规制路径研究

价格垄断协议历来是反垄断法打击的首要目标。由发改委制定的《反价格垄断规定》和《反价格垄断行政执法程序规定》于2011年2月1日开始施行。理论研究的目的就是为了能够指导实践,所以两项规定颁布以后,对价格垄断协议作更细致、更具体的研究也应当是在情理之中了。     

论股东质询权的行使与法律救济

股东通过行使质询权直接参与和监督公司治理,以限制董事会权利,保护公司和股东的利益。论文从公司法现有关规定出发,比较分析德国、日本等国家质询权相关规定,探讨我国股东质询权的行使规则,被质询人说明义务,分析我国股东质询权的三种法律救济方式。     

论海上货物运输法中的领域规范

海上货物运输法是一个特殊的法律领域,其根植于海上货物运输实践,旨在为海上货物运输活动提供法律规则,素以独特的法律规范和制度而闻名。而强制性体系是海上货物运输法的一个基本特质,体现于海上货物运输法的各个方面,自成一个完整的体系。在海上货物运输这一特殊的领域,存在着一种统领海上货物运输关系的特殊规范,这种特殊规范以其强制性为特征,其内涵表现为法律对海上货物运输方(包括承运人及其履行辅助人等)最低限度的法定义务和责任的要求.     

基于窗口的二次关联规则挖掘

传统的关联规则和时态关联规则挖掘只考虑到事务数据库中的各项之间的关系,没有考虑到挖掘出来的关联规则也可能存在一定的关系。为此,本文在基于窗口的时态关联规则之上,提出了二次关联规则挖掘。把一个窗口中的时态关联规则当成一条发生的事务,挖掘出时态关联规则之间存在的隐藏关系。最后,给出了一个实例分析,发现了其中的时态关联规则之间隐藏的关系。     

基于形式概念分析的治痹用药规律挖掘

本文将形式概念分析理论应用于新安医籍中的治痹用药规律挖掘,借助概念格构建工具LatticeMiner软件对新安医籍治痹资料表进行形式背景和概念格的构建。通过构建方剂-证型、方剂-症状以及方剂-药材概念格直观地展示出痹病证型、症状、药材和对应的方剂的层次结构,便于挖掘痹病证型、症状的分布情况以及组方用药情况,并通过嵌入式形式背景构建对证型、症状和药材之间的关系更加结构化地展示,最后通过基于FCA的关联规则挖掘方法对证型、症状和药材三者的关联规则进行挖掘,为中医方面的数据挖掘研究提供了一种新的思路。     

基于Internet平台的CtoC电子商务信用评价研究

电子商务是一个新兴产业,互联网的高速发展对电子商务产生重要影响。文章对CtoC电子商务中的信用评价体制进行研究,提出了其存在的问题及改进的对策。采用改进的累积加权评分法建立CtoC的电子商务评价模型,辅以实例论证了该模型的可行性,为我国CtoC电子商务信用评价模型的发展提供了有益的参考。     

The effects of welfare vehicle asset rules on vehicle assets

Before 1996, households were typically ineligible for welfare if they had assets worth more than $1000, where $1500 from each vehicle's value was excluded from this determination. However, the 1996 welfare reform act began allowing states to increase their asset limits and vehicle exclusions. This may prompt low-income households to reallocate resources to or from vehicles. We examine the effects of state vehicle asset rules on vehicle assets. Results show that liberalizing asset rules increases vehicle assets and that this increase is driven largely by eligible individuals increasing vehicle assets, with no evidence indicating that ineligible individuals reduce vehicle assets to become eligible.