辐照食品鉴别技术现状及研究进展

以辅照食品检测方法的原理进行分类,综述了目前国内外辐照食品鉴别技术现状,比较分析了各鉴别技术的优缺点,并对鉴别技术的进一步发展作了展望。     

The behaviour of producer prices: evidence from French PPI micro data

This paper provides some new empirical findings for how French producers set prices. We used the micro data that composes the producer and business-service price indices from 1994 to 2005. First we address how producer prices are collected. Then we present the main characteristics of how producers change their prices: they are modified infrequently and in small amounts. Also, a behavioural heterogeneity across sectors is observed. Business-service prices change less often than industrial producer prices. The data corroborates both time and state-dependent model predictions. Taylor contracts are not unusual, but a firm’s prices will also react to its economic situation. Nevertheless, the most relevant models, to explain producer price rigidity, are time-dependent.

“The fact that some prices are rigid or sticky, while others are variable, has attracted a good deal of comments from economists in recent years” Tucker (1938)

This study was conducted in the context of the Eurosystem Inflation Persistence Network. Data were processed under the responsibility of INSEE in the context of an agreement between INSEE and the Banque de France (20B-21B-E301/R05019/2005).     

Stylised features of consumer price setting behaviour in Portugal: 1992–2001

This paper identifies the empirical stylized features of consumer price setting behavior in Portugal using two micro-datasets underlying the consumer price index. The main conclusions are: one in every four prices change each month; there is a considerable degree of heterogeneity in price setting practices; prices of goods change more often than prices of services; price reductions are common, as they account to around 40% of total price changes; price changes are, in general, sizeable; finally, the price setting patterns seem to depend on the level of inflation as well as on the type of outlet.

ETC中基于RFID的双标签汽车牌照自动识别系统研究

目的:设计适用于ETC中的汽车牌照自动识别系统。方法:分析原有ETC系统的工作原理和弊端与不足,提出了基于RFID双标签的汽车牌照识别系统。结果:从理论分析可以得出本文提出的方法可以有效的克服原有ETC系统中的问题———如牌照识别率太低和跟车干扰情况严重等。结论:本文提出的RFID双标签汽车牌照自动识别系统能有效克服原有ETC系统中的弊端和不足,有一定的实践应用价值。     

Riding the US wave: spectrum auctions in the digital age

Given its significant technological advantages compared to analog broadcasting, digital television (DTV) will be the television system of the future. However, it requires a full replacement of analog television sets by digital receivers, as DTV can only be watched with special equipment. In order to make this transition happen smoothly without losing the analog television audience, both signals have to be simulcasted until a substantial coverage with DTV broadcasting has been achieved. Australia and the US meanwhile have established a regulatory framework to lead this transition towards the end of analog broadcasting, the so-called analog switch-off. Part of the US regime is the FCC's obligation to reassign analog frequencies after the switch-off has taken place by means of auction. Spectrum auctions, however, originate not from the US but from New Zealand, where they have been used since the end of 1989 and ever since been subject to legal and political criticism. The article outlines the principles of both the DTV and spectrum auctions regulation and shows the links between both areas of telecommunications regulation. It concludes by suggesting that the analog switch-off is a unique opportunity to reconsider current spectrum policies, as it frees large amounts of the radio spectrum that are today occupied by analog broadcasting and will soon be subject to one of the biggest frequency reassignment processes in the history of telecommunications regulation.     

Identification and dimension of the NAIRU

In this paper, we have re-examined the identification of the NAIRU and presented a well-defined reduced form for analysing the equilibrium unemployment rate, using a cointegrated VAR model. We have stated that the NAIRU estimates using the conventional reduced form (or Phillips curve) models are misleading since the natural rate of unemployment cannot be considered as a fixed point calling for the ceteris paribus assumption for all the data involved. This implies that the NAIRU estimates are unable to provide valuable information on the labour market status.     

颜色是光的波粒二象性在复频域的映射

本文从光的电磁波谐波时域函数及光子动量公式出发,推导出光色映射复频谱颜色表达式（二维平面函数）。通过公式得出,矢径与光的量子数有关,位相角与光的频率有关。通过分光光度计测量出色光的反（透）射率,经过计算得到复频谱矢端函数,在二维复平面上对矢端函数积分整合,给出表征颜色性能的色相、色强度、亮度、色饱和度及主波长等颜色特征数值,从而为进一步解析颜色奠定基础。     

How does the retailing industry decide the best replenishment strategy by utilizing technological support through blockchain?

Practitioners face two significant issues: product inaccuracy and transparency in supply chain management. Blockchain is a highly secure and trustworthy means of storing data. Radio frequency identification incorporation is essential if reliability is at a low level. Incorporating radio frequency identification can improve supply chain management in terms of product's visibility for the best replenishment strategy. A production and replenishment coordination via mathematical modeling is visualized through a three-echelon supply chain with a non-reliable production process, and the retailer deals with misplacement issues. The manufacturer handles the inventory flowing reversely and is responsible for proper end-of-life treatment, either repairing or remanufacturing. Repairs are sold in bulk on the secondary market, and remanufactured items are used to prevent retailers' shortages. In this model, radio frequency identification technology on the physical surface is combined with a blockchain on the cyber surface, containing all the information about the product, including its location and attributes. A comparative study is provided for the traditional supply chain with misplacement versus a blockchain-based supply chain with radio frequency identification. An analytical approach is used to arrive at the optimum policy for the practitioners, and numerical analysis illustrates the problem. Numerical experiments indicate that the technology is highly profitable for supply chain management. Radio frequency identification technology can increase profit by up to 61%. After discrepancy, holding cost is the second most sensitive parameter for the profit function. If the holding cost is higher, profit can be increased by 40% using radio frequency identification and blockchain. The negative effect of misplacement is reduced with an increasing demand rate, but the reduction rate is very slow. The choice of not adopting radio frequency identification can only be successful if demand is so high that it can reduce the effect of misplacement.     

金融稳定是否应纳入中国货币政策目标——基于混频IS-Phillips模型的实证分析

文章首先使用混频动态因子模型（MF-DFM），构建中国首个混频金融稳定指数（MF-FSI），接着把MF-FSI作为金融稳定的代理变量，使用文章新构建的混频IS-Phillips模型，比较分析纳入与不纳入金融稳定的中国货币政策损失函数差异，最后对货币政策目标选择和时效选择进行了敏感性分析，实证分析表明：（1）中国混频金融稳定指数是金融稳定的一个实时性有效测度指标；（2）中国货币政策目标应纳入金融稳定，以减少货币政策福利损失；（3）无论中国货币政策目标偏好和预期偏好怎样变化，央行都应给予金融稳定固定且不可忽略的关注度，但物价稳定和经济增长仍为主要货币政策目标。