WTO体制下美国贸易调整援助制度合法性探析

为了应对贸易自由化引致的产业损害或结构调整,美国建立了工人和企业TAA项目,旨在促进对进口竞争的积极调整。GATT/WTO体制无法处理结构调整与贸易政策之间的关系,所以没有专门制定旨在应对结构调整的TAA或产业调整援助规则。从《SCM协定》和《农业协定》角度,分别对工人、企业与农民TAA项目援助措施的合法性进行了整体论证,认为这三个TAA项目基本上是合法的并且可行的。     

改善富士康科技集团员工心智模式的基本路径

剖析了富士康科技集团员工跳楼事件的本质,总结出富士康员工的心智模式并分析其成因,提出了完善富士康员工心智模式的五条通路,即培养员工良好的性格、建立有效的沟通渠道、拓展人才策略与晋升空间、推行员工援助计划和在实践中努力提升情商。     

政府背景风险投资对创新的甄选与培育效果——不同区域环境视角的检验

以创业板企业数据为样本,使用Logit模型及工具变量法,研究不同区域环境下政府背景风险投资对企业创新的事前甄选与事后培育作用,并对其机制进行探讨。结果表明：①经济区域对政府背景风险投资行为影响有限,与非核心发达地区相比,金融发达地区的政府背景风险投资对企业技术创新没有表现出差异性甄选行为,但却有更好的事后培育作用,而且这种培育作用会随着地区投资环境优化而增强;②行政区域对政府背景风险投资行为影响显著,与异省投资相比,本省政府背景风险投资对技术创新的事前甄选具有显著优势,但对被投企业后续创新投入产生了一定的负面作用,这种作用会因政府背景风险投资占有董事会席位而加大。     

Well on the way: An exploratory study on occupational health in hospitality

This study conducted a comprehensive review of work conditions and health risks/problems for various hospitality workers and summarized the various health and wellness promotion programs available in the workplace with the aim of identifying the key elements of successful employee wellness programs. In this review, physical health problems, such as musculoskeletal disorders, lung diseases, and dermatologic diseases, as well as mental health problems that are common among hospitality employees were discussed. In addition, different types of wellness programs that may help employees to overcome these health problems were included. In the next stage, interviews with hotel staff holding multiple positions were conducted to identify the most significant health challenges and assess their preference for various types of wellness initiatives. Using MAXQDA Pro, health-related categories and themes were extracted from the interviews. Participants believed that the lack of time, physical challenges and stress are the top three wellness challenges in the hospitality industry. In order to tackle the challenges, they stated that hospitality businesses should provide various wellness initiatives including healthy eating and weight management, smoking cessation, stress management, exercise programs, and fitbits or other wellness tracker devices.     

Determinants of Innovative Behaviour in the Hotel Industry: A cross-Cultural Study

The present study develops a conceptual framework that sheds light on whether institutional pressures (i.e., normative, mimetic, and coercive) and corporate support can improve innovative behavior across different societies and the moderating role of national cultural dimensions on this link. Our study validated these arguments empirically using data from the 2018 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Data were collected and analyzed from 2,618 respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of full-time non-managerial employees selected, from different departments of various four- and five-star hotels across five economically and culturally different societies (UK, UAE, Germany, China, USA). Our results indicated that both institutional pressures and corporate support have positive influence on employees’ innovative behaviour. Furthermore, Hotels in cultures with high levels of individualism and low levels of uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity will indicate higher levels of innovative behaviour in response to corporate support programs. While, hotels in nations with high levels of power distance, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity will indicate higher levels of innovative behaviour in response to normative, mimetic, and coercive pressure. These findings provide important implications for innovative behaviour by developing and validating a multilevel model empirically in the hospitality context.     

Payment Limitations and Acreage Decisions under Risk Aversion: A Simulation Approach

Payment limits have played an important role in U.S. farm policy deliberations for the last thirty years. Current limits are largely nonbinding. Proposals to strengthen and enforce limits are currently in discussion. We evaluate the likely effects of such proposals on acreage for corn, soybeans, wheat, cotton, and rice in several important producing states. Our results generally indicate that payment limits are unlikely to significantly affect acreage in most cases; exceptions occur for cotton and rice, where the probability that limits would be binding is much greater and thus more likely to affect production.     

The Procompetitive Effect of Demand-Enhancing Check-Off Programs

This article explores demand-enhancing check-off programs and how such programs may influence both private programs as well as industry market structure. Under duopoly, a firm may increase its sales through privately funding product quality improvements. However, such endogenous sunk costs may also be used to exclude a rival. Industry-funded check-off programs affect firms' strategies and can be procompetitive. The rationale lies not only in how the check-off enhancement is perceived by consumers but also in the way the check-off's crowding-out effect reduces the ability of a firm to use its private expenditures to bar a rival's market access.     

南方集体林经营方案研究综述

根据中国的研究现状,对南方集体林经营方案的内涵、方案的编制、方案的实施及执行效益评估、方案的相关制度等研究文献进行了综合分析。结果表明:理论研究严重滞后于森林经营实践,急需将南方集体林经营方案的编制与实施看作一项系统工程,将与之有关的各项因素都纳入,开展综合性、系统性的交叉研究。     

Employee perceptions of well-being and organizational wellness offerings: A study of line-level employees in select-service hotels

ABSTRACT

This research assessed line-level employee perceptions of their own well-being and their awareness of wellness benefits offered by their organizations. Completed questionnaires were collected from 187 employees of select-service hotels in the Midwest. Employees had above average levels of well-being with full-time employees having significantly higher levels of well-being than part-time employees. Employees who are aware of available wellness programs had higher levels of well-being than those who are not aware of these programs. The findings suggest the need for organizations and managers to implement and communicate wellness program offerings to all employees.