世界城市化规律:文献综述

深入研究世界城市化运动规律,不仅有助于加速中国的城市化进程,纠正理论上的偏差,更主要的是有助于加快中国经济发展的步伐,缩小中国与世界的差距.因此,这里就世界城市化运动规律问题作一综述.     

Forms of Scale Curves and Differential Inverse Demand Systems

This article provides a new interpretation of the scale effects in differential inverse demand systems. A scale curve is defined as a curve that shows how the expenditure share of a good or service changes as the consumption level changes. It is shown that Brown, Lee, and Seale's synthetic model has the same scale effects as do the Box–Cox scale curves. In this light, their model is not a mere composite but a model in its own right. An empirical illustration given for Japanese fresh food demand suggests that the underlying scale curves differ from both linear and loglinear forms.     

Arbitrage bounds for the term structure of interest rates

This paper proposes a methodology for simultaneously computing a smooth estimator of the term structure of interest rates and economically justified bounds for it. It unifies existing estimation procedures that apply regression, smoothing and linear programming methods. Our methodology adjusts for possibly asymmetric transaction costs. Various regression and smoothing techniques have been suggested for estimating the term structure. They focus on what functional form to choose or which measure of smoothness to maximize, mostly neglecting the discussion of the appropriate measure of fit. Arbitrage theory provides insight into how small the pricing error will be and in which sense, depending on the structure of transaction costs. We prove a general result relating the minimal pricing error one incurs in pricing all bonds with one term structure to the maximal arbitrage profit one can achieve with restricted portfolios.     

Note

Functional classes of Lorenz curves are derived from a generalization of a relative poverty notion. All these Lorenz curves compare individual income to the average of all larger or all smaller incomes. The parameters of the Lorenz curves are effectively computed from empirical income data by least square regressions. Best fits are analyzed and resulting functional Gini indices are compared to empirical Gini indices.First version received: September 2002/Final version received: April 2003     

Peaking of fiscal sizes of government

Transfers, spending, and tax revenue peaked as percentages of the gross national product (GNP) in most OECD countries during 1972–1992. The evidence suggests that a number of countries pushed transfers close to or perhaps beyond sustainable limits imposed by the Laffer curve. Namely: (i) stylized calculations of Laffer limits suggest peak fiscal sizes in the range of observed peaks in the countries with the greatest peak sizes; and (ii) the countries with the greatest peak sizes had the greatest declines in fiscal sizes from peaks until 1992.     

Market Structure,Learning and Product Innovation: Evidence for the EPROM Market

The study analyses the market for semiconductor memory chips, in particular EPROMs. Semiconductors are very interesting industry for studying empirically the dynamics of innovation. Given the short product life cycles of generations of chips, the market dynamics unfold much more rapidly than in other industries and are therefore better amenable to empirical observation. One of the aims is to shed more light on the link between learning and the dynamics of product innovation, as well as their influence on market structure. Learning with an old generation turns out to be an important determinant for product innovation. The further down the firm has moved on the learning curve, the higher its market share, and the larger becomes the probability that the firm is an early innovator. The results are consistent with the persistence of leadership hypothesis.     

垂直地震勘探深度测量的可靠性分析

介绍了在垂直地震勘探中主要的深度测量方法，对比了各种方法的精度，分析了不同方法的可靠性，归纳了增强深度测量可靠性的措施，指出了计数器检验工作中存在的不足，得出了垂直地震深度测量方法综合应用的结论。     

Phillips curve in US: New insights in time and frequency

The paper explores the co-movement between unemployment and inflation rates in US by using a battery of wavelet tools. The dataset covers the period 1945Q1–2017Q4, having quarterly frequency.The main findings reveal a not stable Phillips curve in US, depending on economic context, seasonality and time-persistence. The Phillips curve is not validated during economic turbulences, while it works over expansion economic periods. Even so, the trade-off between unemployment and inflation is unstable under seasonal growth components and time-persistence, running from short- to medium-term. No link between unemployment and inflation is found in the long-term.     

创新粤港澳合作模式探讨

香港澳门地区早已进入后工业化时期。广东,珠三角正处在工业化中后期,受资源、能源和劳动力成本高等制约,产业结构迫切需要转型和优化升级;而粤北山区以及东西两翼仍停留在工业化中期阶段,甚至是初级阶段。基于产业梯度转移原理,在产业链分工合作层面,粤港澳合作模式应当创新:港澳地区主导营销服务型经济;珠三角力求成为研发设计中心;通过产业转移,粤北山区和东西两翼定位加工组装环节。     

Regional Growth and National Development: Transition in Central and Eastern Europe and the Regional Kuznets Curve in the East and the West

Abstract

Regional disparities in Central and Eastern Europe rose substantially since 1990. Still, prima facie evidence of beta-convergence is often found in the CEE data. To reconcile this seeming paradox, we sketch out and test empirically a hybrid model of regional growth that draws on the regional Kuznets curve and incorporates aspects of cumulative causation and neoclassical convergence. In both CEE and the ‘old’ EU15, regional convergence is strongly linked to the level of national development, non-linearly. But while in the EU15 convergence speeds-up at intermediate/high levels of development, in CEE we find divergence at intermediate levels of national development and no significant return to convergence thereafter. Although this may show that overall development levels are not sufficient yet to mobilise regional convergence, it is also possible that non-convergence is attributable to centripetal forces instigated by the process of transition.