ICT Statistics at the New Millennium—Developing Official Statistics—Measuring the Diffusion of ICT and its Impact

The paper gives a short and very rough overview of the ongoing work in the field of statistics relating to the development of information and communication technology (ICT) and its impacts on the economies and on the society as a whole. It introduces three slightly different approaches with different emphasis on describing the emergence and diffusion of ICT and the respective economic and social change. These are termed the indicators approach, the new economy approach and the intellectual capital approach. The paper also discusses the basic requirements for the establishment of a new statistical system, as well as the present obstacles and problems of this work. Finally, some remarks are presented regarding further statistical co-operation in this field.     

On measuring the wealth of nations: the US economy, 1964-2001

This paper examines the methodology of Shaikh and Tonak (Measuringthe Wealth of Nations, 1994) underlying their calculation ofestimates of productive labour in the US economy from 1964 to2001. The focus is not on the results but on the methods thatgenerate them. The paper finds that the compromises made byShaikh and Tonak because of data unavailability are unreliable,and that better approximations are possible. On this latterbasis, the Shaikh and Tonak methodology can be used to providethe labour and wage estimates needed for empirical investigationsin the surplus-based tradition.     

Emerging markets, evolving institutions, and the new opportunities for growth in China's rural economy

In this essay, our goal is to assess the state of China's rural economy and examine whether rural China is capable of participating in the sequence of economic events that will lead to modernization. We examine how agricultural productivity has changed, the nature of the shift of labor moving from rural to urban areas, how commodity markets have evolved, and how the rural industrial sector is adjusting the recent reforms. According to our own work and that of others, we show how the rural economy is beginning to be fundamentally transformed and is contributing to China's modernization.     

提高博士生培养质量刍议

本文通过数据统计实证分析 ,发现浙江省的民营经济与国有经济在资金投入产出上存在严重的不对称 ,从而制约了民营企业的活力和快速发展 ,得出了改变对民营企业的传统偏见 ,为其提供一个宽松、公平、合理、有效的环境 ,加大国有金融机构对民营经济的信贷倾斜 ,设立专门为民营企     

Mechanisms for controlling expenditure in the Spanish Royal Household, c.1561-c.18081

The purpose of this article is to examine the accounting and auditing in the Spanish Royal Household between 1561 and 1808. The Royal Household was the third most important item of expenditure that the State Treasury financed, after the Army and Navy and the National Debt. On studying spending control in the Royal Household, we have rejected the idea, often advanced by historiography, that there was no spending control within this institution. On the contrary, treasurers and accountants were only able to release funds for expenditure purposes on the basis of prior authorization. However, the efficiency of spending control was very limited due to technical, administrative and, above all, social and political elements.     

From the Tribal to the Open Society: The Role of Medieval Craft Guilds in the Emergence of a Market Order

The emergence of a legally constituted State in 16th century western societies represents the final lap of a process extending the sphere of the indivudal freedoms necessary for the emergence of the market order. A peculiar stage of this process came in the form of guilds. They materialised into a need for emancipation from the values of the archaic society and became the keepers of a peace and a justice on the market by ensuring the respect of new rules of conduct (1). This analysis of the behaviour of craft guilds will illustrate the question of the possibility of rational economic activity in medieval society (2).     

共享经济下高校大学生创新创业人才培养保障体系研究

以创新创业教育为导向的高等教育改革成为当前高等教育改革的重要任务.基于共享经济理论指导,论文构建高校大学生创新创业人才培养保障体系的框架;从组织、制度、平台、资源保障四个方面分析创新创业人才培养保障体系的构成要素.最后,分析了高校创新创业人才培养保障体系的利益共享机制、资源整合机制和分工协作机制.     

三亚“价格调控”假日旅游供需矛盾的利弊及对策

三亚今年运用“价格杠杆”调控假日旅游市场供需矛盾,尝试经营假日旅游市场,但它是从局部利益出发的,对海南整体假日旅游经济有不良影响。鉴于三亚旅游对海南整体旅游业发展的重要性,应当处理好局部利益与整体利益的关系,本文立足于海南全省旅游经济发展,分析这一措施的利弊,并提出一些可供选择的方案。     

我国二元经济与二元意识互动性分析

我国经济的二元性决定社会意识的二元性,两者之间具有互动性的关系。伴随着二元经济向完全现代经 济转化。二元意识也向完全现代意识发展。但在转化过程中,社会意识,尤其是传统意识,或者成为我国经济发展 的障碍性因素;或者渗透到经济运行中,使我国经济的运行具有了某些来自传统意识的特性。     

汶川地震重灾区旅游环境保护与旅游经济协调发展

纯粹的市场经济运作不可能使汶川地震重灾区旅游环境保护与旅游经济协调发展,必须从法律手段、经济政策、行政干预、思想认识、科技创新等几方面制定汶川地震重灾区旅游环境保护与旅游经济协调发展的保障措施,从而保证汶川地震重灾区旅游环境保护与旅游经济协调发展目标的实现。