A ‘Legislation-Check’ based on ‘3-D Sustainability’ - Addressing global precautionary land governance

This paper aims to provide a new and practical approach called ‘Legislation-Check’ to identifying shortcomings in national legislation in terms of how well it implements sustainable development, and ways of improving the legislation. National legislation was chosen as it represents a sort of ‘skeleton of society’ and defines the status quo, as well as setting the main environmental, societal and economic directions of the population covered.The approach presented is based on a new concept called ‘3-D Sustainability’, which focuses on the precautionary principle. 3-D Sustainability provides criteria in a flexible hierarchy for solving conflicts of interest between economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability. In this paper, these criteria and dimensions are applied to various sectors of Austrian national environmental legislation to identify the shortcomings of the legislation and ways of addressing these shortcomings.This paper shows, by way of quantitative data, a significant increase in the use of sustainability related terms in generally applicable legal instruments (both federal and provincial) in Austria since 2003. In qualitative terms the results of the paper further indicate, using national environmental legislation, several hierarchical disorders between different legal acts and opportunities for improving them. Furthermore, inadequacies in the way that the legislation handles sustainable development and a total lack of overall objectives and targets in terms of sustainability are highlighted, which can jeopardise sustainable development.The concept of ‘3-D Sustainability’ has not previously focused on national legislation, despite the practical importance of the legal implementation and enforcement on this geographic level. Hence, this paper contributes, through scientifically-based decision support, to practical pathways for the innovation of institutional, procedural and substantive arrangements in existing legislation.The approach presented in this paper is not restricted to environmental issues, but is applicable to all thematic areas. It is also not geographically limited, but could be implemented in any country and also beyond national borders. Furthermore, the approach can be easily replicated and provides systematically gained results for global governance change towards sustainable development.     

我国中小企业融资效率综合评价和实证分析

中小企业在我国的国民经济和社会发展中发挥着重要作用,然而,中小企业在发展过程中面临很多困难和难题,其中以融资难最为突出。因企业的融资方式决定着企业的融资结构和融资效率,而融资效率又直接影响着企业的融资目的是否有效达到。因此,在我国现实背景下研究中小企业融资效率问题具有重要现实意义。文章在构建企业融资效率的数学评价模型时运用模糊综合评价方法。首先,对中小企业的五种融资模式的融资效率进行模糊综合评价,得出五种融资模式的融资效率,进而对我国中小企业的融资效率分析。其次,选取深圳中小企业板上市的28家中小企业作为研究样本来实证分析,比较权益和债券两种融资模式的融资效率。最后,由分析结果得出结论并提出相应的建议。     

三要素法在求任意信号作用下的系统响应中的应用

<正> 综合商社发源于日本、昌盛于日本,并为日本经济的繁荣 作出了巨大贡献,同时,也成长为企业巨人。从业务额来看,它已经远远地把其他任何类型的企业甩开,博得了美国、韩国 等许多国家的青睐并纷纷效仿。 但事实却表明,这种巨人的体质却是非常虚弱的,无论是 用利润总额还是利润率来衡量,都是“低能儿”。有人已预言 了它们的消亡。它们究竟还能存活多久取决于其内部机制的 变革。它发展的成功经验值得借鉴,以助于组建我国的综合 商社,而对它走入的误区,我国也应引以为戒。     

中国的机构投资者的预测能力研究

从2001年4月20日开始,中央电视台<中国证券>栏目每天早晨报道我国70家大券商关于当天股票市场涨跌情况的预测.通过对这些预测的研究,本文发现中国机构投资者的预测能力不强.他们的预测大都基于市场前一天的盈亏,近乎于正反馈反应.此外,本文还发现股市下跌对机构投资者的预测的影响比股市上涨大.本文认为,中国机构投资者预测能力不强的主要原因可能是缺乏经验.     

综合评价方法在西部地区信息化评价中的应用

政府大力推进“信息化建设”的同时,有关地区信息化水平的测评也开始备受重视。本文在前人的研究基础上提出了包含信息化发展平台和信息化应用状况两方面的新的信息化评价指标体系,通过DEA和聚类分析、综合加权指数法相结合的方法,较为客观、全面的评价了西部各个省区分类信息化和综合信息化水平,并据此提出了相应的政策建议。     

Purchasing power parity in transition countries: Old wine with new bottle

This study questions whether the long-run purchasing power parity (PPP) holds in the transition economies (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romanian, and Russia) for the period from January 1995 to October 2011. We employ the Sequential Panel Selection Method (SPSM) procedure using the Panel KSS unit root test with a Fourier function, a novel approach to panel unit root testing. The SPSM approach classifies the whole panel into a group of stationary and non-stationary series and is able to account for structural breaks, nonlinearity, and cross-section dependence. The results indicate that the PPP holds true for more than half of these transition countries studied, with the exception of Hungarian, the Czech Republic and the Russia. The findings have important policy implications for the transition countries.     

自归理论与递归方法之数据质量辨识能力比较(英文)

分别应用自归理论和递归方法,采用同一组隧道拱部沉降实测数据进行对比分析证明,自归理论的数据质量辨识与数据筛选能力强于递归方法,宜于原始数据精度要求较高的、高等级项目监控的数据处理;而递归方法由于抗干扰性能强,在对参与数据质量没有较高要求时使用,亦不失为一种可行的措施。     

云南省公路隧道塌方原因及对策分析

云南省公路隧道相当部分需要穿越滑坡、断裂破碎带等不良地质,隧道塌方情况时有发生,塌方处治加大了工程资金投入,影响工期,同时对施工人员的生命安全也构成了巨大威胁。隧道塌方的原因较为复杂,只有掌握工程地质条件,充分了解设计意图,严格控制施工方法、施工程序,才能有效地规避隧道塌方的发生。     

思想政治理论课教师提高大学生思想政治教育工作效果的方法与途径研究

长期以来,讲授式教学是思想政治理论课的"主流"教学方式,而这样的教学方式让学生产生厌倦,也让教师感到困惑。本文从教师如何修炼内功,积极探索教学规律和学生学习的特点为切入点,探讨如何把思想政治理论课建设成为大学生真心喜爱、终身受益的优秀课程,更好地发挥思想政治理论课在培养中国特色社会主义事业建设者和接班人中的重要作用。     

贵州省工业全要素生产率的测算：1979—2009

基于索洛余值法并采用柯布一道格拉斯生产函数测算贵州省1979--2009年期间工业全要素生产率增长率,并简要分析贵州省工业全要素生产率增长和贵州工业增长源泉。分析表明：贵州工业增长的走势与贵州工业TFP增长波动相一致,可见较高的工业TFP增长率对贵州工业经济的增长具有巨大的推动作用。