Drivers of the synergy between price cuts and store flyer advertising at supermarkets and discounters

Despite retailers’ intense use of both price cuts and store flyer advertising, it is still unclear whether and when it is beneficial for retailers to combine the two promotion tools at the same time as opposed to using them separately. We systematically investigate synergies between price cuts and store flyers for a broad set of 488 brands from 44 consumer packaged goods categories across six leading German retailers. We find that a clear majority of the brands benefit from positive synergies and hence, combining price cuts and store flyer advertising is recommended, especially at supermarkets. This synergy can be strong. For instance, a 15 % price cut without store flyer support at a supermarket, on average, increases sales by 11 %, and medium spending on store flyers for the brand at its regular (non-promoted) price results in a sales lift of 8 %. The combined use of both tools, however, increases sales by 52 %, much more than the sum of their separate effects (11 % + 8 % = 19 %). Yet, there is also substantial variance in the synergy, which we explain with retailer format (supermarkets versus discounters) as well as various brand and category characteristics. Our findings have important implications for the coordination of promotion activities by retailers.     

Relative power of online buyers in regard to a store: How it encourages them to disclose their personal data?

The current study contributes to the knowledge as to how the relative power of buyers impacts their willingness to disclose personal data in online buying. The theoretical framework is based on social exchange theory, which makes it possible to consider the importance of trust in stores and perceptions about external privacy regulations. Data were collected via a representative survey (985 respondents) and analysed with the help of two-step structural equation modelling. The key findings show the presence of the indirect effect of relative power on willingness to disclose personal data (mediated by store trust), while the direct impact was found to be insignificant. It was found that store trust is built by relative power of buyers, along with their perceptions about external privacy regulations. This suggests that relative power grows when perceptions about the effectiveness of privacy regulations improve. These findings help to develop theoretical and managerial implications.     

刍议如何做好督查工作

督查工作是政府及其部门工作不可缺少的重要组成部分,督办力度直接影响着各项工作的进展和落实,本文对如何抓好政务督查工作提出相关建议。     

动态能力驱动战略执行:基于IBM的案例

文章通过对IBM的商业领导力模型的分析,具体回答了什么是动态能力、动态能力如何帮助企业在战略和执行之间进行协调.     

Strategic Governance and Management Accounting: Evidence From a Case Study

This paper seeks to establish if top management (the board) of a firm should extend its overview of the governance process to the execution of strategy (i.e., strategic governance) and, if so, does the management accounting information system (MAIS) have a role in facilitating this strategy execution process. This study investigated the role of the board and MAIS in strategic governance by examining a company with a public record of both successful governance and integrated strategic management accounting processes in a high‐risk industry. The analysis demonstrates that boards should go beyond the minimum conformance (compliance) requirements of the governance‐regulatory legislation and assume ultimate responsibility for strategy execution and enterprise performance. However, while management accounting techniques, processes and reports were found to be used extensively in strategic governance to integrate the policy‐management interface in numerous conformance–performance domains, the traditional role of the management accountant was found to be limited in terms of their role in such governance. The study demonstrates that a more strategic governance role offers the management accountant a way back into senior management by using the routines of management accounting to socialize the board and curb any opportunism that may arise.     

浅析汽车制造业新旧零件替换

文中以上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司新旧零件替换为实例,阐述了新旧零件替换在汽车制造业的实际应用和过程控制,通过现场执行和系统操作的联动,保证新旧零件精准替换及工程更改的顺利实施。     

用于分析国美并购活动的SMO模型

为了突破以往对并购项目停留在财务分析的局限,本文建立了从企业战略（Strategy）、并购运作（Merger＆ Acquisition）、业务运营（Operation）三个维度展开的并购SMO分析模型,对国美电器（HK：0943）经营历程中的并购行为进行了分析。     

Optimal execution strategies in limit order books with general shape functions

We consider optimal execution strategies for block market orders placed in a limit order book (LOB). We build on the resilience model proposed by Obizhaeva and Wang (2005 Obizhaeva, A and Wang, J. 2005. Optimal trading strategy and supply/demand dynamics, Preprint Available online at: http://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/faculty/obizhaeva/OW060408.pdf (accessed 16 February 2009)[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) but allow for a general shape of the LOB defined via a given density function. Thus, we can allow for empirically observed LOB shapes and obtain a nonlinear price impact of market orders. We distinguish two possibilities for modelling the resilience of the LOB after a large market order: the exponential recovery of the number of limit orders, i.e. of the volume of the LOB, or the exponential recovery of the bid–ask spread. We consider both of these resilience modes and, in each case, derive explicit optimal execution strategies in discrete time. Applying our results to a block-shaped LOB, we obtain a new closed-form representation for the optimal strategy of a risk-neutral investor, which explicitly solves the recursive scheme given in Obizhaeva and Wang (2005 Obizhaeva, A and Wang, J. 2005. Optimal trading strategy and supply/demand dynamics, Preprint Available online at: http://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/faculty/obizhaeva/OW060408.pdf (accessed 16 February 2009)[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]). We also provide some evidence for the robustness of optimal strategies with respect to the choice of the shape function and the resilience-type.     

试论地方政府政策执行力的影响因素

随着学界对公共政策执行这一过程的研究,公共政策执行力成为政策学界的新热点和研究的突破口。针对地方政府政策执行力出现的一些问题,如何塑造高效的政策执行力成为重点。研究地方政府政策执行力的影响因素,为地方政府更好地履行公共政策执行职能提供指导。地方政府政策执行力的影响因素主要包括执行主体、执行客体、执行资源、执行制度和执行环境等五个方面。     

居民网络消费价格指数编制：实践经验、问题与展望

随着居民网络消费的急剧增长,编制居民网络消费价格指数的必要性凸显;但网络消费大数据具有更新快、容量大、频率高、噪音多等特点,传统价格指数理论和方法难以适用。aSPI和1号店指数的编制实践,从源头上优化了基础数据质量,提高了商品篮子的代表性和时效性,指数构造方法更为科学,并开发了系列创新型价格指数,但也存在信息登记标准和规范不统一、大数据技术运用和数据处理不充分、方法和数据发布不完整、理论和方法创新不足等问题。因此,还需要大力促进网络消费数据的共享,系统推动网络消费价格指数理论和方法的创新,积极推进相关统计规范和标准的制定与应用,并进一步强化创新型特色价格指数编制的实践探索。