AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIP MAGNITUDE

Based upon a review of the extant literature, it is proposed that the structure of an interorganizational relationship is composed of relationship type and the under‐researched construct of relationship magnitude. Specifically, it is hypothesized that relationship magnitude, a second order construct composed of trust, commitment, and dependence, affects relationship type, which affects the perception of value of the relationship. The results of a survey analyzed through structural equation modeling support these hypotheses.     

Some Cracks in the Empire of Chance (Flaws in the Foundations of Reliability)

Making quantified statements about the uncertainty associated with the lifelength of an item is one of the most fundamental tasks of reliability assessment. Most practitioners routinely do this using one of the several available statistical techniques. The purpose of this paper is two-fold. The first is to give the user an overview of the key tenets of two of the most commonly used parametric approaches. The second is to point out that these commonly used approaches involve strategies that are either ad hoc, or are in violation of some of the underlying tenets. A method that is devoid of logical flaws can be proposed, but this method is difficult to implement. The user must therefore resign to using that technique against which the fewest objections can be hurled.     

THE EFFECT OF INVESTMENT IN INTERORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN A RETAIL SUPPLY CHAIN

The primary purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of investment in information technology in a supply chain. The results of that investigation are presented by focusing on an empirically tested supply chain relationship model containing both behavioral and operational constructs. The four behavioral constructs represented in the model are relationship trust, relationship commitment, relationship dependence, and long‐term relationship orientation. The four operational constructs represented in the model are retailer investment in interorganizational information technology, perceived supplier investment in interorganizational information technology, logistics efficiency, and logistics effectiveness. Among other findings, the results of the investigation found that perceived supplier investment in interorganizational information technology has a significant and positive effect on logistics efficiency.     

黑龙江省高职高专毕业生结构性就业问题的现状与对策

目前,全国高级应用人才短缺,但是黑龙江省高职高专毕业生就业率却很低,造成目前结构性就业问题的原因来自于政府、院校和受教育者个人三个层面,寻求对策必须从这三个源头入手。     

结构冲击与结构转换对中国地区差距变化的影响

中国各地之间存在显著的产业结构差异,但现有关于中国地区收入差距的文献多受新古典单部门增长模型的影响,忽视结构冲击与结构转换的作用。通过构造变量,本文将各地区的实际增长率分解为结构冲击、结构转换9生产率增长三部分,从而克服了以往研究之不足。研究发现,结构冲击在1978年-1990年缩小了地区差距,但1990年—2002年扩大了地区差距;结构转换在整个改革期间均缩小了地区差距,从而加快农业发展和中西部地区产业结构转换有助于改善中国的地区收入分配状况。     

欧盟结构基金运行机制及其对中国区域发展基金构想的启示

欧盟各成员国经济发展不均衡,而结构基金作为欧盟区域发展政策的主体,在协调区域发展方面取得了很好的效果。本文从欧盟区域发展政策的概况入手,分析欧盟区域发展基金主体结构基金的主要运行机制,最后探讨其对我国建立区域发展基金构想的启示。     

长白山区作物气候生产力及其地理分布的研究

本文建立了长白山区玉米、水稻和大豆的气候可能产量模式和地理分布模型,计算了各地的气候生产潜力,并进行了地形影响订正。结果表明,长白山区主要农作物气候生产力的地理分布特征主要取决于地势、地形和经度,气候生产力随着海拔的升高按照三次抛物线函数递减,随着经度的升高按照线性函数递减。主要山体的南、西南坡气候生产力较高,北、东北坡气候生产力较低。该项研究为长白山区农业立体开发提供了综合气候生态依据。     

The future of India's obsolete dams: Time to review their safety and structural integrity

India has built over 5000 large dams till date to boost electric power and to enhance irrigated agriculture. In spite of this big dam building venture, India lacks expertise in decommissioning old dams. As a matter of fact, India has more than 500 large dams that were built 50 years ago, and 100 of them have passed over a century. This article analyses the existing facts on India's outdated dams, their safety matters and recommends future strategies to safeguard the large dams from potential future threats.     

The long-run Phillips curve: A structural VAR investigation

Both cointegration methods, and non-cointegrated structural VARs identified based on either long-run restrictions, or a combination of long-run and sign restrictions, are used in order to explore the long-run trade-off between inflation and the unemployment rate in the post-WWII U.S., U.K., Euro area, Canada, and Australia. Overall, neither approach produces clear evidence of a non-vertical trade-off. The extent of uncertainty surrounding the estimates is however substantial, thus implying that a researcher holding alternative priors about what a reasonable slope of the long-run trade-off might be will likely not see her views falsified.     

On structural inelasticity of modal substitution in freight transport

At the European level there is an increasing focus on how freight transport can be moved from trucks on roads to more environmentally friendly modes such as rail and ship. A large proportion of the transport services between OD pairs, however, cannot be substituted since there is only one alternative available. The paper investigates the magnitude of this “structural inelasticity” of modal substitution in freight transport due to a sparser layout of rail and ship-based freight networks compared to road. In the analysis we use a recent Scandinavian freight demand model covering more than 800 zones. We find that the structural inelasticity is very significant - in particular for transportation over less than 500 km. Moreover, the inelasticity varies greatly with commodity groups and between OD pairs, and it depends strongly on the port and rail infrastructure. The results suggest that pure charging instruments (road pricing for trucks) in many regions will have limited mode substitution impacts. However, if combined with structural changes in terms of improved infrastructure for rail and ship, impacts may be greater.