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101.
营业税改征增值税的税制改革一直是中国近年来财税体制改革领域的热点问题,其涉及改革范围、政府间财政关系的调整等诸多方面,堪称中国“十二五”时期财税体制改革的“牛鼻子”。文章以上海市为例就“营改增”税制改革从系统循环角度出发,分析此次改革对上海市地方财政收入规模结构的影响,从而对其地方财政支出规模结构的影响,最终影响到其地方经济的发展,并在这个基础上又对其地方财政收入开始新的一轮的循环影响。由于“营改增”税制改革现已在全国范围内开展,为顺利推进此次改革．保持其地方政府财力不变．文章也提出了一些改革的相应配套措施． 相似文献
102.
《Socio》2021
Traffic congestion is an unpreventable problem to avoid in a transportation network and it has negative effects on traffic accident, time wasting, traffic delay and safety problem. Besides, in transportation networks, drivers do not want to deal with traffic jam while traversing between specified origin-destination pair. Therefore, traffic assignment (TA) is imperative to improve traffic management, transportation safety, time, and cost savings. System Optimum Traffic Assignment Problem (SOTAP) is a kind of TA model which aims to minimize the total system travel time on the network, and satisfies the flow conservation constraints. To model the SOTAP more realistically, the imprecise parameters can be taken as fuzzy. Therefore, in this paper, we focus on converting the conventional SOTAP to a fuzzy quadratic programming problem (QPP) which is named System Optimum Fuzzy Traffic Assignment Problem (SOFTAP). Here, link travel time is expressed with BPR function as generally used in the literature by converting to fuzzy except link-dependent parameters. Thus, the nonlinear objective function of SOFTAP is expressed in terms of fuzzy link flows and fuzzy link travel times. A solution approach from the literature is modified to the reconstructed SOFTAP. 相似文献
103.
跨组织信息系统(IOS)对于供应链至关重要。它跨越组织边界,牵扯供应链上各成员利益,建立IOS受多方面因素影响。从博弈的角度分析供应链成员实施IOS的行为,并给出了有益的启示。 相似文献
104.
《Technovation》2016
The early stages of innovation involve high levels of uncertainty, leading to it being labelled as the “fuzzy-front end” (FFE). Although openness has been identified as pivotal to innovation performance in the open innovation literature, little effort has been put into exploring its role in the FFE. Specifically, this study examines ‘openness competence’ within the FFE–i.e., the ability of a FFE team to explore, gather and assimilate operant resources from external sources by means of external searches and inter-organisational partnerships. The aim is to investigate the impact of openness competence on front-end uncertainty reduction and service innovation success. Data were obtained from a survey of 122 IT-based service innovation projects implemented by IT service provider firms in Thailand. The results suggest that openness competence positively influences both the degree of uncertainty being reduced during the FFE and the overall success of service innovations. These findings offer several implications for research on open innovation and the FFE as well as encouragement to managers to apply a more open approach to the FFE of their service innovation projects. 相似文献
105.
依据《辞海》中科学的概念,结合体育科学的性质和特点,重新定义了体育科学的概念。指出了体育学院通用教材体育概论中体育科学体系分类的不合理之处,提出了新的体育科学体系分类。 相似文献
106.
107.
《Socio》2019
The disproportionate concentration of healthcare professionals in urban areas is a concern in many countries, including Canada. A need to address this rural care gap has driven a large number of government led initiatives worldwide over the years. This paper presents a model that can be used as a tool to examine the efficacy of such policies on the workforce distribution in the long term. A small system dynamics model is employed to simulate the current and future distribution of general physicians at a jurisdictional level. The model represents the transition of general practitioners to provide insight into the dynamics of care provision over time. The movement, and competition, between rural and urban areas is modeled to enable detailed exploration of the ability for proposed measures to alleviate the care gap in the future. Among the tested policies are such commonly used initiatives as financial incentives to rural professionals, promotion of medical education in rural areas, expansion of rural education programs and the engagement of international medical graduates etc. We demonstrate how the model can be used as a tool to determine an efficient and well-chosen combination of policies which can help alleviate the rural care gap in the future, given that some policies are more effective than others alone but also combined with other initiatives. The presented small system dynamics model is tested on Canada's reality, but its simple nature lends itself to easy application to other countries that experience a similar problem. 相似文献
108.
矿井素质是一个表现煤矿企业发展现状及潜力的综合指标,矿井素质评价对企业的健康持续发展有重要意义。本文对影响矿井素质的因素进行了灰色关联分析,从灰色系统理论的角度对矿井素质进行评价,得出符合实际的评价结果,并通过对结果的分析,对煤矿企业管理提出改进意见。 相似文献
109.
Muruvvet Deniz Sezer;Yigit Kazancoglu;Sachin Kumar Mangla;Çisem Lafçı; 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2024,33(7):6156-6171
Food systems include dynamic and complex networks made up of all the actors, processes, and infrastructures, as well as their interactions. Because of the growing supply chain's (SC) vulnerability, fragility, and operational disturbances, managing disruptions has become a crucial problem in the food SC. Thus, companies aim to improve their resilience to deal with unexpected conditions. Thus, this study aims to analyze and frame the food SC's resilience, sustainability, and smartness considering different causal conditions (e.g., digital technology adaption, providing traceability, and enhancing collaboration). This study also analyzes the numerous and complex linkages between outcome and causal variables. Thus, this study includes data on the food industry operating in Turkey. The Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis has been used to analyze different companies' data. SC resilience performance conditions have been determined and analyzed. According to the result of this study, it can be said that enhanced flexibility structure and adaptability skills in the SC, increased IT capability, and integration of digital technologies into the SC process are the key components for achieving high SC resilience, sustainability, and smartness in the food SCs. This study suggests various implications for policymakers and managers in the food SCs. 相似文献
110.
产业集聚的影响已经引起国内外的学者的重视,会展业作为一个综合性产业,能同时带动多个经济面的发展。本文以系统动力学理论为基础,结合会展业产业集群的正负反馈特征,对会展业与基础产业、产业政策等因果关系进行了探讨。通过会展产业集聚效应的研究,利用Vensim构建系统动力学模型,分析制约会展产业集聚效应发挥的主要因素,并以上海地区会展业为例,运行模型,结果表明,模型对产业集聚效应的实际演化过程具有较高的拟合程度,并能够为区域经济管理提供有效的决策支持。 相似文献