基于价值管理的城市道路交通规划

我国许多大城市道路交通拥挤现象,已给人们的生活带来了极大不便,并严重影响着城市功能的发挥。本文引入价值管理的概念,对城市道路交通方式进行了价值分析和评价,在此基础上提出了切实可行的规划管理措施。     

Dealing with demand forecasting games in transport privatization

Privatization has increased the number of players in the decision-making process for major transport investment decisions. The main argument of this paper is that this fragmentation is creating opportunities for strategic decision-making by each actor and that this is particularly obvious in the context of demand forecasting. This paper explores some of the specific causes and consequences of this new situation, including the perverse incentives, linked to the diversity of the objectives across the actors and to the risk allocation induced by the regulatory regime. It illustrates the issues and possible solutions from a wide range of modal and country experiences. In particular, it discusses the role of the newly independent sector regulators in reconciling these diverse goals and their limitations in view of the major information asymmetries problems they face.     

VTS信息传输中信号特点和技术方案分析

本文分析了船舶交通管理系统(VTS)信息传输中信号的特点,并讨论了宽带传输的实现、通信设备的配置、同步脉冲和触发脉冲的形式等问题,给出了提高系统性能的某些较优且实用的技术方案。     

铁路客运专线成本曲线分析

借鉴国内外客运专线资料,对铁路客运专线运输成本的特性及构成进行论述,并从速度目标值与客运量两方面分析对运输成本的影响,说明速度目标值直接影响客运专线的运输成本,而固定成本与客运量无关,变动成本与客运量成正比变化。     

产业保护政策和第五航权开放

我国第五航权的开放刚开始起步。受传统的产业保护政策、经济全球化及WTO相关开放时间表影响,是否进一步开放航权或是继续给予民航业政策保护成为学术界近期争论的一个焦点。笔者通过借鉴美日两国的产业保护措施,同时以相关产业保护政策理论为基础,分析了我国"开放天空"的利弊,并进一步论证第五航权开放决策是符合我国当前经济发展趋势的。     

机动车交强险与三者险的比较分析

机动车交通事故责任强制保险和第三者责任险是关于机动车的两个重要险种,两者之间在诸多方面存在着差别,商业性三者险在实践中起着补充"交强险"的作用。文章对两个险种进行了全面的比较分析,以利于提高认识,在保险实践中更好地发挥它们的作用。     

Preventing motor vehicle crash injuries and deaths: science vs. folklore lessons from history

Abstract

Not long after the beginnings of motorization in the early 1900s, deaths and injuries from motor vehicle crashes became a problem in a number of high-income-countries (HIC)s, especially the United States. With the biggest problem the US led early efforts to address this issue, and for six decades these efforts were based on folklore (ie a body of widely held but false or unsubstantiated beliefs). They were not evaluated, but clearly were unsuccessful as crash deaths and injuries continued to rise. It was not until the 1970s that a broader range of countermeasures began to be adopted and was scientifically evaluated, and as a result, crash deaths and injuries declined. This history has important lessons today for many low-and-middle-income countries that have growing numbers of motor vehicle crash deaths and injuries, many of which are pedestrians and motorcyclists. This is because there continue to be advocates for many of the failed approaches (especially educational) that dominated the early efforts in HICs.     

浅谈加强交通基础设施建设促进现代物流发展

从当前交通基本建设与物流发展的相互关系影响角度出发,在经济发展过程中交通基本建设的必要性,交通基础设施先行是发展现代物流的基本策略,是发达国家发展现代交通物流的成功经验,也是当前我国发展现代物流的先决必要条件。     

省域高速公路联网监控系统方案设计

省域高速公路的联网监控是高速公路建设的主要趋势,文中设计了省域联网监控系统,阐述了设计的主要目标、整体方案以及各个子系统的功能和构成.     

基于灰色预测模型的铁路客运量预测研究

在介绍灰色预测基本原理和算法的基础上,应用灰色预测理论开发了基于MATLAB的铁路客运量预测程序,主要功能是以交互的方式输入数据,动态输出显示模型曲线图形和方程。通过建立株洲站旅客发送量的灰色预测模型,说明利用灰色模型预测铁路客运量具有良好的精度,可以为客流组织提供依据。