开发区层级与域内企业创新:激励效应还是挤出效应？——基于国家级和省级开发区的对比研究

中国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,各地各层级开发区能否激励域内企业创新,对于引领区域经济高质量发展至关重要。与既有研究主要聚焦于国家级开发区不同,本文以2007-2018年上市公司为样本,结合手工收集整理的开发区域内企业信息,对比研究了国家级和省级开发区对域内企业创新活动的影响。研究表明,与国家级开发区显著促进域内企业创新投入不同,省级开发区表现出负向抑制作用。国家级和省级开发区对域内企业创新的影响机制也存在明显差异:国家级开发区通过税收优惠、政府补助和融资支持等“政策效应”,以及金融资源、研发人才和经济主体的“集聚效应”激励企业创新;而省级开发区的发展更容易受地方经济竞争的影响从而挤出企业的创新投入。进一步,国家级开发区对域内企业创新的促进作用在市场化程度较高的地区和中央国有企业中更明显;省级开发区的抑制作用在地方国有企业中更明显。本文研究为我国优化各层级开发区建设和促进地区经济高质量发展提供了决策参考。     

"中国制造2025"战略下高职院校人才培养质量的探析

"中国制造2025"战略对我国培养技术技能人才、建设现代高职教育具有重要指导意义. 在全面认识"中国制造2025"战略基础上,进一步明确其对高职院校人才培养质量提出的新要求,并从转变质量观、深化创新创业教育改革、校企一体化育人途径、健全评价反馈机制四个方面来探析提高高职院校人才培养质量的有效路径.     

Food allergy knowledge and training among restaurant employees

As the number of Americans with food allergies continues to increase, restaurant employees should be trained to serve customers who have this condition. This study investigated restaurant employees’ food allergy (FA) knowledge and identified previous FA training, the preferred characteristics of future FA training, and the reasons why some employees were not interested in FA training. A study questionnaire was developed based on interviews with restaurateurs and previous literature and was completed by 229 restaurant employees. The results showed that the participants have some FA knowledge (20.8 ± 3.4 of 28). Many were not trained in FA but expressed interest in attending such training. The participants expressed a preference for self-paced training programs that use real-world examples and simple language. Some reasons for not being interested in attending FA training included “time consuming”, “not beneficial”, and “boring”. The restaurant industry benefits from the findings of this study by gaining a greater understanding of the current food allergy knowledge and training of restaurant employees.     

中国区域性对外直接投资的出口效应研究——基于大环渤海、泛长三角、泛珠三角经济区的出口效应差异性分析

论文以2003-2011共9年的面板数据为基础,通过把国内省市自治区（排除数据缺乏的西藏、贵州）划分为三个经济区,利用国家层面对外直接投资（以下简称为ODIG）和省市自治区层面对外直接投资（以下简称为ODIP）的序列数据,对这三个经济区的对外直接投资出口效应进行差异性分析,最终发现ODIG对三大经济区的出口均有创造效应,但作用强度不一样,而ODIP对三大经济区的出口没有显著的促进效用.     

Has China’s new round of collective forest reforms caused an increase in the use of productive forest inputs?

Forestland tenure and financial incentives are the most important policy issue to sustainable forest resource management. The new wave of reform of collective forestland tenure (NRCFT) has been launched since 2003 and the governmental matching reform measures (MRMs) for the NRCFT have been introduced since 2009. The objective of these reforms is to enhance sustainable forest resource management in Chinese collective regions by encouraging rural households’ productive forest inputs. We use a unique dataset of 1778 sample households in 18 counties of nine provinces with six years and employ a fixed effects model with clustered standard errors. Our empirical results indicate that: 1) the NRCFT has increased households’ forestland area of different tenure types, and the effects of the MRMs on rural households’ labor input and production expenditures for forestry purposes are generally positive, especially household used forestland as collateral for a loan and afforestation or reafforestation subsidy and reform of Annual Allowance Cut (AAC) have significantly contributed to increase in the use of productive forest inputs; 2) the NRCFT and the MRMs have different impacts on the use of productive forest inputs for different tenure forests, and these reforms have caused the most significant changes in rural households’ production decision changes for household responsibility forestland; 3) both the NRCFT and the MRMs have significant effects on rural households’ rent-in and rent-out forestland; and 4) forestland fragmentations have caused additional labor and investment inputs for rural households’ forest resource management and protection. And finally, market drivers and household and village characteristics factors also affect households’ decisions for productive inputs for their managing forests.     

Strategy,training and performance fit

The importance of human resource qualification for the tourism industry in general and for hotel firms in particular has been a recurrent theme for several years now. The present paper deals with training policy in hotels and has as its aim to know the extent to which their strategic orientation influences: (1) the investment that firms make in training; (2) the preparation of formal plans; and (3) the type of training developed. It is also our intention to check whether this strategy-training link has an impact on hotel performance. With that aim in mind, an attempt will be made to see whether the effect of training on business results is direct or materializes through a number of intermediate variables such as client satisfaction or changes in the behavior of employees (indirect effect). A comprehensive analysis of the literature was conducted to identify the main research and establishing the hypotheses to be tested. Our paper used a sample of Spanish companies with the partial least squares (PLS) method being applied for the analysis. The results show that the development of a training policy oriented to human capital development in the case of hotels following a differentiation strategy leads to improved business results both directly and indirectly, while simultaneously influencing investment as well as formality in training activities.     

Promoting innovation in hospitality companies through human resource management practices

In this study, we investigate how hospitality companies can promote incremental and radical innovation through human resource management practices (i.e., selection and training). Data from 196 independent hotels and restaurants operating in the People's Republic of China show that hiring multi-skilled core customer-contact employees and training core customer-contact employees for multiple skills both have significant and positive effects on incremental and radical innovation among hotel and restaurant companies. The two human resource management practices are also found to have a negative joint impact on incremental but not radical innovation. The implications for promoting innovation in hospitality companies are discussed.     

基金家族实施造星策略的内在动因与效果

我国基金管理采用的是固定费率制度,这种旱涝保收的收费模式使得基金家族的“造星”成本很低,而基金家族“造星”成功时明星基金的品牌可以吸引到更多的资金流入,进而为该家族带来更多的管理费收入,成本与收益的巨大差异会导致基金家族过度地实施“造星运动”。本文通过理论建模和实证检验深入研究了我国基金家族实施造星策略的内在动因与效果。研究发现,基金家族的造星策略在短期内无效,但从中长期来看效果显著;家族整体业绩和家族现金流入显著正相关,因此,为了获得更多的管理费收入,基金家族应以提高业绩为宗旨。     

“营改增”、制造业服务化与全要素生产率提升——基于DI合成控制法的实证研究

文章使用上市公司2007-2016年制造业企业面板数据,运用DI合成控制法和中介效应模型,实证检验了"营改增"对制造业全要素生产率的直接影响及"营改增"通过制造业服务化对全要素生产率的间接影响。结果表明："营改增"政策主要通过直接作用提高制造业全要素生产率,经由制造业服务化来提高制造业全要素生产率的中介作用并不存在。文章的研究对"营改增"政策完善与制造业转型升级具有一定的启示。