邮政业与区域经济增长关系——以上海市为例

随着电子商务和跨境电商的发展,邮政业的发展对国民经济的支撑作用越来越显著,农村电商的发展更是提高了邮政业在城乡经济协调发展的关键地位。因此文章以上海市邮政业与经济发展协调性为研究对象,通过VAR模型的格兰杰因果检验法,对上海市2002～2018年邮政业务总量和生产总额进行分析,分析表明上海市邮政业与经济发展存在互动的格兰杰因果关系。     

On the Problem of Identification in Multiplicative Intensity-Rate Models with Multiple Interactions

In this paper we examine a multiplicative intensity model in which a covariate interacts with two other covariates in the same model. We demonstrate, analytically, that in such situations a log-linear parameterization based on two pairs of baseline levels cannot be transformed, uniquely, to the, otherwise equivalent, multiplicative parameterization. We show that the problem lies in an oversight of the conditional independence between the two covariates interacting with a common third covariate. As a solution, therefore, we propose an approach that takes due account of such dependence. Our proposed approach uses a common baseline level for the three covariates involved in interaction while estimating the corresponding relative intensities. The issues addressed are illustrated with a demographic data set involving the estimation of rates of transition to parenthood.     

Relationship Marketing： Interactions and Management

Starting with the interactive factors of relationship, this paper analyzes the interactive feature of relationship marketing within the marketing framework. Based on the interactive model of relationship marketing, this paper puts forward suggestions concerning effective interactive management of relationship marketing from the organization.     

Volunteer tourism impacts in Ghana: a practice approach

Relatively little empirical research has been conducted on impacts of volunteer tourism in local communities. This paper therefore focuses on the local consequences of volunteer tourism for two projects in Tamale, Ghana: Zion Primary School and Tamale Children's Home. A practice approach provides a useful theoretical framework to investigate how volunteers and local actors interact in these projects. In a practice approach, interactions become central to the analysis, highlighting the ways in which volunteers, local people and the local context mutually influence one another. Observations and interviews with volunteers and local actors were used to identify positive and negative consequences of their interactions, which are strongly interlinked and depend on routines, backgrounds and positions of the actors, and contextual conditions. The consequences of volunteer practices are also linked to other current and future practices. A practice approach provides insights into complex situations and may be more suited to analysing the impacts of volunteer tourism than a traditional mono-disciplinary focus.     

The knowledge multiplier

The paper develops a formal model of external knowledge and identifies the role of knowledge multipliers. Social interactions and knowledge multipliers play a crucial role in determining the rate of technological change. The analytical identification of the knowledge multiplier expression constitutes a key step in the appreciation of the crucial role of knowledge interactions. First, social considerations endogenously change the knowledge production function of each firm. The knowledge multiplier is the specific mechanism by means of which external knowledge contributes to enhance the innovative capacity of each firm. The production function of knowledge shows that the larger the knowledge multiplier is the stronger are the cumulative positive effects of external knowledge on the generation of new knowledge. Second, social considerations explain the long-run dynamics of innovation. Social reinforcement and the knowledge multiplier determine the rise or fall in the rate of accumulation of technological knowledge.     

人力资源管理领域对创新型人才的观照:视角、重点与未来方向

创新型人才在企业创新过程中扮演着重要角色。如何对创新型人才进行有效管理,是企业面临的重要问题。通过定义创新型人才特质,梳理不同理论视角的创新型人才人力资源管理理论,构建了创新型人才人力资源管理模型,以加深企业对创新型人才管理的认识。     

Collaborative marketing for the sustainable development of community-based tourism enterprises: a reconciliation of diverse perspectives

ABSTRACT

Collaborative marketing for the sustainable development of community-based tourism enterprises (CBTEs) is subject to diverse stakeholder perspectives and a complex mix of factors determining collaboration success. This research investigates a framework supporting stakeholder collaborations in marketing CBTEs for sustainable development. The proposed framework is an outcome of the process of reconciling divergent perspectives in CBTE collaborative marketing using a knowledge co-production approach. Particularly, knowledge interactions between researchers and research participants to achieve a synthesis of perspectives in developing a collaborative marketing approach for the sustainable development of CBTEs in Vietnam were investigated. The knowledge interaction occurred in the form of a workshop that included 15 CBTE stakeholders and the first author and was undertaken in the village of Triem Tay (Vietnam). Through the workshop, a collaborative marketing framework for CBTE sustainability was identified. The framework stated the reasons for the divergence of perspectives on CBTE collaborative marketing for sustainable development: limited understanding of involved stakeholders; individuality in collective efforts; stakeholder self-righteousness; and contextual factors. Accordingly, the framework identified four attributes supporting stakeholders collaborations in marketing CBTEs for sustainable development: improved and right-directed perspectives of CBTE stakeholders; a set of rules governing stakeholder interventions; government involvement in CBTE collaborative marketing in the roles of an inspirer and an arbitrator; and the transformation from successful tour operators to social entrepreneurship to facilitate CBTE collaborative marketing. The contribution of this study lies in the potential of a knowledge co-production approach to be utilised in collaborative works involving multiple perspectives. Additionally, the study provides insights into the discussion of community-based tourism collaboration.     

Spatial Interactions in Hedonic Pricing Models: The Urban Housing Market of Aveiro,Portugal

Abstract

Spatial heterogeneity, spatial dependence and spatial scale constitute key features of spatial analysis of housing markets. However, the common practice of modelling spatial dependence as being generated by spatial interactions through a known spatial weights matrix is often not satisfactory. While existing estimators of spatial weights matrices are based on repeat sales or panel data, this paper takes the approach to a cross-section setting. Specifically, based on an a priori definition of housing submarkets and the assumption of a multifactor model, we develop maximum likelihood methodology to estimate hedonic models that facilitate understanding of both spatial heterogeneity and spatial interactions. The methodology, based on statistical orthogonal factor analysis, applied to the urban housing market of Aveiro (Portugal) at two different spatial scales, provides exciting inferences on the spatial structure of the housing market.

RÉSUMÉ L'hétérogénéité spatiale, la dépendance spatiale et l’échelle spatiale sont des caractéristiques clé de l'analyse spatiale dans les marchés de l'immobilier. Toutefois, la pratique habituelle de la modélisation de la dépendance spatiale comme étant le résultat d'interactions spatiales par le biais d'une matrice de poids spatiaux n'est souvent pas satisfaisante. Alors que les estimateurs existants des matrices de poids spatiaux sont basés sur des données de panel ou des ventes répétées, la présente communication adopte le principe d'un cadre transversal. Plus spécifiquement, sur la base d'une définition à priori des sub-marchés de l'immobilier, et de l'hypothèse d'un modèle multifactoriel, nous créons une méthodologie de probabilité maximale pour estimer des modèles hédoniques qui facilitent les connaissances de l'hétérogénéité spatiale et des interactions spatiales. Cette méthodologie, basée sur une analyse des facteurs orthogonaux, appliquée au secteur de l'immobilier urbain à Aveiro (Portugal) à deux échelles spatiales différentes, fournit des inférences excitantes en ce qui concerne la structure spatiale du secteur de l'immobilier.

EXTRACTO La heterogeneidad, dependencia y escala espaciales constituyen características clave del análisis espacial de los mercados de la vivienda. No obstante, la práctica común de modelar la dependencia espacial como algo generado por interacciones espaciales a través de una matriz conocida de pesos espaciales, a menudo, no es satisfactoria. Aunque los estimadores existentes de matrices de pesos espaciales se basan en ventas repetidas o datos de panel, este estudio lleva el planteamiento a un marco de corte transversal. Específicamente, basados en una definición a priori de los submercados de la vivienda y en la presuposición de un modelo de múltiples factores, desarrollamos una metodología de probabilidad máxima para estimar modelos hedónicos, que facilita la comprensión de la heterogeneidad espacial y las interacciones espaciales. La metodología, basada en el análisis estadístico de factores ortogonales y aplicada al mercado de la vivienda urbana de Aveiro (Portugal) en dos escalas espaciales diferentes, proporciona interesantes inferencias sobre la estructura espacial del mercado de la vivienda.

     

制造企业服务导向与创新绩效：一个基于顾客互动视角的理论模型

服务导向不仅拓展了制造企业的利润空间,也为企业提高创新绩效创造了机会。文章依据资源基础理论,构建了一个理论模型,旨在探讨制造企业是如何利用服务业务,建立与顾客的互动,进而影响创新绩效的。研究结论为制造企业利用服务业务提高创新绩效提供了有益的理论指导。     

薪酬公平感、人格特质对公务员越轨行为的影响

以公务员为研究对象,探讨了薪酬公平感、人格特质对越轨行为的影响。采用实证研究的方法,通过对737个样本数据进行回归分析,发现三类薪酬公平感对工作怠情、损人利己、渎职滥权、贪墨侵占、合作破坏这五种越轨行为具有显著负向影响。结果还发现,宜人性对分配公平影响四种越轨行为的调节作用显著,责任感对分配公平影响所有越轨行为的调节作用均显著,神经质仅在分配公平影响合作破坏行为过程中起到调节作用。