人力资源管理领域对创新型人才的观照:视角、重点与未来方向

创新型人才在企业创新过程中扮演着重要角色。如何对创新型人才进行有效管理,是企业面临的重要问题。通过定义创新型人才特质,梳理不同理论视角的创新型人才人力资源管理理论,构建了创新型人才人力资源管理模型,以加深企业对创新型人才管理的认识。     

Collaborative marketing for the sustainable development of community-based tourism enterprises: a reconciliation of diverse perspectives

ABSTRACT

Collaborative marketing for the sustainable development of community-based tourism enterprises (CBTEs) is subject to diverse stakeholder perspectives and a complex mix of factors determining collaboration success. This research investigates a framework supporting stakeholder collaborations in marketing CBTEs for sustainable development. The proposed framework is an outcome of the process of reconciling divergent perspectives in CBTE collaborative marketing using a knowledge co-production approach. Particularly, knowledge interactions between researchers and research participants to achieve a synthesis of perspectives in developing a collaborative marketing approach for the sustainable development of CBTEs in Vietnam were investigated. The knowledge interaction occurred in the form of a workshop that included 15 CBTE stakeholders and the first author and was undertaken in the village of Triem Tay (Vietnam). Through the workshop, a collaborative marketing framework for CBTE sustainability was identified. The framework stated the reasons for the divergence of perspectives on CBTE collaborative marketing for sustainable development: limited understanding of involved stakeholders; individuality in collective efforts; stakeholder self-righteousness; and contextual factors. Accordingly, the framework identified four attributes supporting stakeholders collaborations in marketing CBTEs for sustainable development: improved and right-directed perspectives of CBTE stakeholders; a set of rules governing stakeholder interventions; government involvement in CBTE collaborative marketing in the roles of an inspirer and an arbitrator; and the transformation from successful tour operators to social entrepreneurship to facilitate CBTE collaborative marketing. The contribution of this study lies in the potential of a knowledge co-production approach to be utilised in collaborative works involving multiple perspectives. Additionally, the study provides insights into the discussion of community-based tourism collaboration.     

Spatial Interactions in Hedonic Pricing Models: The Urban Housing Market of Aveiro,Portugal

Abstract

Spatial heterogeneity, spatial dependence and spatial scale constitute key features of spatial analysis of housing markets. However, the common practice of modelling spatial dependence as being generated by spatial interactions through a known spatial weights matrix is often not satisfactory. While existing estimators of spatial weights matrices are based on repeat sales or panel data, this paper takes the approach to a cross-section setting. Specifically, based on an a priori definition of housing submarkets and the assumption of a multifactor model, we develop maximum likelihood methodology to estimate hedonic models that facilitate understanding of both spatial heterogeneity and spatial interactions. The methodology, based on statistical orthogonal factor analysis, applied to the urban housing market of Aveiro (Portugal) at two different spatial scales, provides exciting inferences on the spatial structure of the housing market.

RÉSUMÉ L'hétérogénéité spatiale, la dépendance spatiale et l’échelle spatiale sont des caractéristiques clé de l'analyse spatiale dans les marchés de l'immobilier. Toutefois, la pratique habituelle de la modélisation de la dépendance spatiale comme étant le résultat d'interactions spatiales par le biais d'une matrice de poids spatiaux n'est souvent pas satisfaisante. Alors que les estimateurs existants des matrices de poids spatiaux sont basés sur des données de panel ou des ventes répétées, la présente communication adopte le principe d'un cadre transversal. Plus spécifiquement, sur la base d'une définition à priori des sub-marchés de l'immobilier, et de l'hypothèse d'un modèle multifactoriel, nous créons une méthodologie de probabilité maximale pour estimer des modèles hédoniques qui facilitent les connaissances de l'hétérogénéité spatiale et des interactions spatiales. Cette méthodologie, basée sur une analyse des facteurs orthogonaux, appliquée au secteur de l'immobilier urbain à Aveiro (Portugal) à deux échelles spatiales différentes, fournit des inférences excitantes en ce qui concerne la structure spatiale du secteur de l'immobilier.

EXTRACTO La heterogeneidad, dependencia y escala espaciales constituyen características clave del análisis espacial de los mercados de la vivienda. No obstante, la práctica común de modelar la dependencia espacial como algo generado por interacciones espaciales a través de una matriz conocida de pesos espaciales, a menudo, no es satisfactoria. Aunque los estimadores existentes de matrices de pesos espaciales se basan en ventas repetidas o datos de panel, este estudio lleva el planteamiento a un marco de corte transversal. Específicamente, basados en una definición a priori de los submercados de la vivienda y en la presuposición de un modelo de múltiples factores, desarrollamos una metodología de probabilidad máxima para estimar modelos hedónicos, que facilita la comprensión de la heterogeneidad espacial y las interacciones espaciales. La metodología, basada en el análisis estadístico de factores ortogonales y aplicada al mercado de la vivienda urbana de Aveiro (Portugal) en dos escalas espaciales diferentes, proporciona interesantes inferencias sobre la estructura espacial del mercado de la vivienda.

     

制造企业服务导向与创新绩效：一个基于顾客互动视角的理论模型

服务导向不仅拓展了制造企业的利润空间,也为企业提高创新绩效创造了机会。文章依据资源基础理论,构建了一个理论模型,旨在探讨制造企业是如何利用服务业务,建立与顾客的互动,进而影响创新绩效的。研究结论为制造企业利用服务业务提高创新绩效提供了有益的理论指导。     

薪酬公平感、人格特质对公务员越轨行为的影响

以公务员为研究对象,探讨了薪酬公平感、人格特质对越轨行为的影响。采用实证研究的方法,通过对737个样本数据进行回归分析,发现三类薪酬公平感对工作怠情、损人利己、渎职滥权、贪墨侵占、合作破坏这五种越轨行为具有显著负向影响。结果还发现,宜人性对分配公平影响四种越轨行为的调节作用显著,责任感对分配公平影响所有越轨行为的调节作用均显著,神经质仅在分配公平影响合作破坏行为过程中起到调节作用。     

Brand trait transference: When celebrity endorsers acquire brand personality traits

Using celebrity endorsers can be an effective way to influence brand perceptions and elevate the brand. However, although there is a significant amount of research investigating how endorsers influence brand perceptions, there is little research showing whether traits associated with the brand influence perceptions of the endorser. This article addresses this under-researched area and provides evidence for brand trait transference. Brand trait transference occurs when a trait transfers from a brand to people associated with that brand. Three studies demonstrate brand trait transference and identify a boundary condition for this novel effect. The article discusses the implications of these findings for effective marketing communications as well as the theoretical implications for the growing research on branding, association transfer, and endorsers.     

Dynamic modeling of environmental amenity-driven migration with ecological feedbacks

Environmental amenity-driven migration presents a double-edged sword to policy makers concerned with both economic and ecological sustainability. Clearly the protection of environmental amenities is important, but what is the right balance between ecosystem protection and regional economic processes that simultaneously respond to and degrade ecological resources? We consider this question in the context of households that are attracted to a region by urban and lake amenities and a lake ecosystem that becomes degraded by land development. An analytical expression for the time evolution of population is derived from households' and firms' optimizing behaviors. Numerical methods with phase plane diagrams are used to study the steady state and transient dynamics of the resulting population-phosphorus coupled system. The system is found to be bi-stable under a range of parameter values with one attractor corresponding to a desired “balanced” economy-ecology state and the other to a very small population base with fully restored ecology. We examine the dynamics and quantify the resilience of the system in and away from the balanced steady state using phase plane diagrams that demarcate the two domains of attraction. Economic-ecological interactions fundamentally alter regional economic dynamics and influence the resilience of the balanced domain of attraction. For example, a one percent increase in the loadings coefficient associated with residential land development generates a three percent decline in the resilience of the balanced state. We find that economic feedbacks often increase system resilience. Initial increases in the attraction of urban amenities spur greater population growth that increases the resilience of the balanced state. In addition, price feedbacks that arise from capitalized (dis)amenities increase the resilience of the system to bad ecological shocks.     

竞争氛围感知对员工知识隐藏行为的影响机制

知识隐藏是知识管理领域的前沿主题。尽管已有研究探讨了知识隐藏的影响因素,但从组织情境视角探究员工知识隐藏影响因素的研究并不多。鉴于此,基于情感事件理论,探讨竞争氛围感知对员工知识隐藏的影响机制,尤其是消极情绪的中介作用以及员工竞争特质、公众自我觉知的调节作用。结果表明：①竞争氛围感知对员工知识隐藏具有积极影响,员工消极情绪在其中发挥部分中介作用;②员工竞争特质对竞争氛围感知与员工消极情绪关系存在调节作用;③员工的公众自我觉知在消极情绪与知识隐藏关系中发挥调节效应;④员工竞争特质和公众自我觉知共同调节消极情绪对竞争氛围感知与知识隐藏关系的中介作用,即当员工的竞争特质和公众自我觉知同时较低时,该中介作用更强,反之更弱。     

A limit theorem for systems of social interactions

In this paper, we establish a convergence result for equilibria in systems of social interactions with many locally and globally interacting players. Assuming spacial homogeneity and that interactions between different agents are not too strong, we show that equilibria of systems with finitely many players converge to the unique equilibrium of a benchmark system with infinitely many agents. We prove convergence of individual actions and of average behavior. Our results also apply to a class of interaction games.     

On the Problem of Identification in Multiplicative Intensity-Rate Models with Multiple Interactions

In this paper we examine a multiplicative intensity model in which a covariate interacts with two other covariates in the same model. We demonstrate, analytically, that in such situations a log-linear parameterization based on two pairs of baseline levels cannot be transformed, uniquely, to the, otherwise equivalent, multiplicative parameterization. We show that the problem lies in an oversight of the conditional independence between the two covariates interacting with a common third covariate. As a solution, therefore, we propose an approach that takes due account of such dependence. Our proposed approach uses a common baseline level for the three covariates involved in interaction while estimating the corresponding relative intensities. The issues addressed are illustrated with a demographic data set involving the estimation of rates of transition to parenthood.