严复的富国策与亚当·斯密的《国富论》

亚当·斯密的《国富论》对现代经济学产生了极其深远的影响，而严复的译作《原富》也给当时的中国带来了西方最新的思潮，启发了国人的心智。通过比较亚当·斯密的《国富论》原文和严复的译作《原富》，从经济自由主义、反重商主义和最小政府三个方面，研究二者之间的异同点，在更深层次上把握严复对于亚当·斯密观点的传承和发展，从而探究严复的富国策。     

行业变革下理财子公司的机遇和挑战

随着资管新规、理财新规和理财子公司管理办法的相继颁布,我国资产管理行业迎来了重大的变革。2019年,理财子公司陆续成立,作为一种全新的资产管理机构,因为体量大、背景深,对整个资管行业将产生重大影响。理财子公司成立于行业发生重大变革的背景下,面临着经营模式转型、关系重新定位、人才系统欠缺、能力亟待提升等方面的挑战,但同时也有市场机遇、政策机遇和转型机遇等方面的有利条件。面对行业变革带来的机遇和挑战,理财子公司要通过做好自身定位、打造合作共赢生态圈、建设三大体系、构筑四大基础,为客户和企业提供一站式金融服务。     

股权分置改革财富再分配效应

股权分置改革是流通股东与非流通股东利益重新分配的过程.本文具体讨论股权分置改革的财富创造效应,以及财富在不同主体间的再分配效应.46家试点上市公司的实证结果表明:从总体上看,股权分置改革过程能够创造财富,非流通股东的收益明显高于流通股东的收益,且流通股的超常收益与第一大股东的持股比例负相关,说明在股权分置改革过程中非流通股东,尤其是绝对优势的大股东处于有利地位.     

大股东控制权争夺的利益博弈分析

本文对我国大股东控制权争夺博弈的主要特征进行分析,描述了控制权争夺的若干主要方式,并阐明了股权分置改革以来中国上市公司控制权争夺监管法律制度的变迁。本文构建了大股东控制权争夺的博弈模型,通过理论分析,认为随着股东拥有的股份增加,企业经营者从公司内部进行控制的收益也在增强;股东趋向于提高本身拥有的股份份额,从而适度规避风险。应规范控制权争夺的法律与监管制度,使不良管理者得到替换,高效管理者才能得以充分发挥,相关利益者合法权益得到切实保护。     

Wealth Concentration over the Path of Development: Sweden, 1873–2006*

We study wealth concentration in Sweden over 130 years, from the beginning of industrialization until the present day. Our series are based on new evidence from estate and wealth tax data, foreign and domestic family firm‐wealth, and pension wealth estimates. We find that Swedish wealth concentration was high in the agrarian state, and changed little during early industrialization. From World War I until about 1950, the richest percentile lost ground to high‐income earners in the rest of the top‐wealth decile. This equalization continued postwar; the entire top decile lost‐out relative to the rest of the population. Around 1980, wealth compression stopped and inequality increased. We approximate the effects of international flows and find that the recent increase in wealth inequality is probably larger than what official estimates suggest.     

Strategic saving decisions in the infinite-horizon model

We study a mechanism that prevents the long-run distribution of wealth from becoming degenerate in the Ramsey–Cass–Koopmans model when households have different time-preference rates. This mechanism is based on the observation that price-taking behavior is no longer justified when all wealth is owned by a single household. Formalizing this observation, we obtain a model with a unique stationary equilibrium in which, depending on the parameter constellation, any number of households can own positive stocks of capital. We characterize this equilibrium and show for example that an increase in the dispersion of the time-preference rates across households unambiguously increases aggregate output. Whereas the main results are derived for a rather general class of production functions, we devote a separate section to the special case of the Cobb–Douglas technology for which the equilibrium conditions are particularly simple. The research reported in this paper forms part of the project “Economic Growth with Strategic Saving Decisions” supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under project number P17886. Comments from Robert Becker, Edward Green, Takashi Kamihigashi, David Levine, Fabrizio Zilibotti, anonymous referees, and participants at various conferences and seminars are gratefully acknowledged.     

Wealth differentiation in household use and trade in non-timber forest products in South Africa

Findings from southern Africa and internationally indicate the local use and trade of NTFPs to be significant however most present a composite picture, failing to account for intra-community socio-economic differences. These differences may have implications for policy and practice related to poverty alleviation and sustainable use. This paper reports on a study in South Africa which explored the relationship between household wealth and the use, procurement and sale of NTFPs in two villages. There was no influence of wealth on the proportion of households using or purchasing most of the NTFPs, or the number used. However, wealthier households bought significantly more resources per household, and poor households (at one village) sold significantly more. These results are discussed within the context of local conditions and poverty alleviation debates.     

财富、企业家才能与最优融资契约安排

本文认为企业家是企业发生的逻辑起点 ,是最初的“中心签约人” ,因此力图站在企业家的角度来考察企业家的融资行为。我们证明理性的企业家往往会将企业残值的优先索取权让度给外部投资者 ,从而否定了关于“投资者是最后的剩余索取者”的先验观点。在认识到“提供担保服务”是企业家自有资本的基本功能的基础上 ,我们揭示出一些关于企业家选择融资契约的规律。最后 ,我们还进一步发现即便未受财富约束 ,企业家也不会完全依靠自有资本来创业 ,因为很可能存在一个最优的企业家自有资本比例。     

Volatility in asset prices and long-run wealth effect estimates

We argue that the equation commonly used in the estimation of the wealth effect on consumption might be unsuitable for that purpose. In particular, if the usual assumptions are employed, the derivation of the equation implies that the wealth effect is indeterminate. Furthermore, it implies that the estimate of the wealth effect should decrease when asset wealth volatility increases. Estimation of a Markov-switching model of the usual long-run aggregate consumption equation provides evidence favourable to the indeterminacy hypothesis.