痕迹学理论在火灾事故调查中的应用初探

本文借鉴工具痕迹学理论中发展较为成熟的同一认定理论,提出了火灾调查同一认定理论以及将该理论应用于火灾事故调查工作中的一般方法与步骤。     

Collaboration mechanism of intercity emergency rescue ecosystem

With the development of metropolitan regions and the appearance of urban agglomerations, cities have been more closely related. For the restricted emergency rescue resource in a single city, it has become more and more imminent for the demand of the intercity collaborative resistance to major accident, so as to improve the protection capacity of urban security. In order to find an effective intercity, emergency rescue collaborative system, this paper introduces the concept and analysis method of ecosystem theory into intercity emergency, rescue. Based on the analysis of the formation-process of emergency rescue individual, population and community： a throe-level intercity emergency rescue collaborative system is constructed according to the characteristics of dynamics and structure of intercity emergency rescue ecosystem then the collaboration mechanism of information, resource and process in the interceity emergency rescue ecosystem is also studied in this paper; so as to offer available strategy and method for the ecosystem theory applied to intercity, emergency rescue. Through the studies of intereity emergency rescue ecosystem. it illuminates that the proposed emergency system can not Only cope with the major accident more timely and effectively but also integrate the intercity information resources and emergency rescue resource and process optimization.     

关于国家财政应对灾难性突发事件的思考

灾难性突发事件,通常是指突然发生的出乎人们意料的事或灾祸,它不以人们的主观意志而转移,给公众安全带来巨大危害。国家财政是应对灾难性突发事件的主要力量。国家财政采取的短期政策包括:减免税费、贴息和动用预算预备费资金;从长期来看,国家财政一方面应以公共风险为导向、调整公共财政支出结构,另一方面在确定预算预备费提取比率时应考虑到应对灾难性突发事件的需要。     

基于神经网络的电力电子电路故障诊断研究

电力电子电路模型具有很强的非线性,通常对其进行在线故障诊断比较困难,文章利用神经网络非线性映射特性,由神经网络来学习及存储电力电子电路的故障特征信号和故障类型穴或原因雪之间的映射关系,并将其用于在线诊断,从而达到对电力电子电路进行在线自动故障诊断的目的。     

Speed-profile-based road segmentation for accident occurrence modelling for hilly terrains

Modelling the accident occurrences per unit length of the road requires segmentation of road stretch. In the case of hilly terrains, homogeneity-based approach results in extremely small sections thus creating a biased accident data. This result is due to the high variations in geometry along the length of the road stretch. Constant length sections do not consider the effect of road's characteristics, hence may lead to undesirable results. It is hypothesized that the speed profile of a vehicle moving in free-flow conditions is governed by the road geometry as well as the road side environment. In this paper, a new methodology based on speed profile of a test vehicle (passenger car) has been proposed for segmenting a road stretch passing through hilly terrain. Comparative analysis of the results obtained from the constant length segmentation approach and the proposed approach shows that the later approach is producing statistically better results. Relatively more parameters were found to be statistically significant in the model based on speed-profile-based segmentation. Grade length, which could be one of the major parameters in hilly terrains, was found to be statistically significant only in the model based on speed-profile-based segmentation.     

论机动车交通事故责任强制保险第三者的直接求偿权

在我国,机动车交通事故责任强制保险第三者是否享有直接求偿权的争议并未因《保险法》的修订而停止,本文从合同相对性理论的突破和责任保险理论基础的变化入手,分析了赋予第三者直接求偿权的现实意义,并从法理角度论证了该项权利的性质。最后,结合各国的立法现状,对我国现行相关立法和司法实践进行评析,同时提出相应对策和应注意的问题。     

论在交通事故预防中如何发挥科技手段的作用

文章从我国最近15年的交通发展状况引出人们对交通事故预防各种的重视和关注,进而提出依靠科技、充分发挥科技手段的作用是做好道路交通事故预防工作的一项重要内容的观点。     

工程机械液压系统故障分析与排除

在工程施工领域中,工程机械完好率直接关系到工程进度、质量及成本控制。文章从工程机械发生故障最多的液压系统方面论述了故障形成的原因并提出了排除故障的原则和方法。     

TJ165架桥机架设T梁作业安全要素分析

随着我国经济的发展,铁路建设的步伐加快。本文通过分析TJ165架桥机架设2201、2101、2501梁作业过程中出现安全事故的原因,提出具体的预防措施,希望能为我国铁路作业人员安全、施工操作安全和指挥架设做出贡献。     

Road accidents involving bicycles: configurations and injuries

This study analyzed the most common types of accident involving bicycles and compared the frequency of injuries. The data source was the database of German In-Depth Accident Study (GIDAS). Cases consist of bicycles and their riders involved in accidents between 2000 and 2010. In most collisions, the bicycle impacted with a car. The percentage of injured bicyclists was higher in collisions with a heavy vehicle and decreased when the bicycle impacted with lighter vehicles. A high percentage of injured bicyclists in single accidents was observed; the most severe injury was more frequently to head and extremities. Accidents involving a car and a bicycle with the right of way in a bicycle path represented about 20% of involved and injured bicyclists. The ten most frequent configurations represented about 60% of involved and injured bicyclists. These results contribute to understand the dangerous scenarios for bicyclists and to suggest preventive actions.