泰安市中小企业融资问题研究

近年来,泰安市以中小企业为主体的民营经济已成支撑经济发展的一支生力军。但其融资难已成制约其进一步发展的首要障碍。深入探析造成中小企业融资难的因素,找到改进中小企业融资难的路径对促进泰安经济又好又快发展具有重要意义。     

Impact of cause-related marketing on consumer advocacy and cause participation: A causal model based on self-reports and eye-tracking measures

Cause-related marketing improves corporate image and consumer attitudes toward brands. An important research gap is how the visual attention paid to cause-related cues in social media affect consumer attitudes and behaviors. In the present study, we analyze the moderating role of the visual attention paid to Instagram-based, cause-related posts on the impact of consumer perceptions (i.e., corporate image), beliefs (trust), and attitudes (i.e., corporate social responsibility [CSR] support) on behavioral intentions (i.e., cause participation, consumer advocacy, and intention to share posts) for fast-food restaurants. Data for the study were collected in a between-subjects experiment with 123 participants. Visual attention was measured using eye-tracking technology, and consumer attitudes and behavioral intentions through an online survey. The results show that the greater the attention paid to images (amount and duration of fixations) and the more revisits made lead to more positive attitudes and behaviors toward the cause and the company. On the other hand, the more time spent looking at the company's responses to negative user-generated content weakens the relationship between trust and consumer advocacy toward the company. These results can help practitioners design appropriate cause-related marketing strategies in social media.     

环境敏感区施工风险控制研究——以之江路输水管廊及道路提升工程为例

城市地下综合管廊施工常会途经环境敏感区。利用事故树对环境敏感区施工风险进行分析，建立顶上事件及造成事故发生原因之间的逻辑关系树，进行定性及定量分析环境敏感区施工存在的潜在风险。对事故树最小径集计算结果可知，施工资质和施工顺序这两个基本事件结构重要度最大，表明施工资质不符和施工顺序有误对于事故发生占首要地位，因此应将这两项基本因素作为预防事故发生着重考虑的因素。     

时空环境因素对无信号交叉口事故严重程度的异质性影响

为了明确无信号控制交叉口事故的诱发机理、降低事故损失，对美国西南部某州2016年7月至2020年12月的5 956起发生在无信号交叉口的事故数据进行统计分析，构建考虑均值和方差异质性的随机参数Logit模型，并分别针对白昼事故和夜间事故，选取周时间、季节、道路空间因素和环境因素作为影响因素，对模型进行参数估计和边际效应分析。结果表明：夏季对昼夜事故的严重程度有异质性影响；恶劣天气条件仅对夜间事故严重程度存在异质性影响，伴随大雾或者强风的降雨天气是加剧事故严重程度的最主要原因，且影响因素在春、夏季节的交互作用更加复杂；人行横道、交通稳静化措施对轻伤、重伤事故有助于减少人员在事故中的受伤概率；大型交通枢纽以及特殊状态下的路段附近，易发生人员伤亡事故。研究结果可为交通安全改善措施的制定提供参考，为降低道路交通事故风险提供新思路。     

An evaluation of root cause analysis use by internal auditors

The objective of this study is to increase understanding of internal auditor use of root cause analysis (RCA). The IIA’s Practice Advisory 2320–2: Root Cause Analysis (IIA 2011) states that RCA should be a core competency for internal auditors to provide insight and add value within organizations. However, little is known about internal auditor use of RCA in a profession where normative problem-solving theory and RCA frameworks potentially conflict with professional demands for independence and objectivity. We conduct in-depth interviews with 21 high-level internal auditors with RCA experience to understand use within the profession. The results suggest several overarching themes that have implications for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners. First, we find that internal auditors in practice believe that RCA is a very important tool within the profession. Second, although internal auditors generally claim to understand RCA, we find considerable variation in the ways they approach the construct and implement prescribed processes in practice. Finally, the results indicate that while RCA use is reasonably prevalent among internal auditors, knowledge constraints, resource limitations, and concern about independence and objectivity create considerable variation in terms of RCA approach, rigor, and efficacy within organizations.     

Should companies hope instead? The role of verbal cues in consumers' evaluation of cause-related marketing (CRM)

Companies engaged in cause-related marketing (CRM) must demonstrate sincere commitment to gain consumer support. In this paper, we observe that consumers infer companies' commitment to the cause by the language used in the CRM promotional material. In a series of experiments, we compare the popular expression “we can make a difference” to “we hope to make a difference” in influencing consumers' response to the CRM. When consumers question company's motives—which can happen, for instance, when they do not perceive a congruency between the company and the supported cause (low firm/cause fit)—consumers seem to perceive the company to be less committed to the cause when the company says they “can” make a difference rather than “hope” to make a difference. Our conclusions offer implications for CRM by highlighting the importance of the words used and their semantic nuances to correctly reflect the company's motivations and thus communicate effectively.     

基于事故/事件的大型客机“飞行员操作程序”分析

收集近20年国内外大型客机事故/事件信息,设计筛选流程,确定与飞行员操作程序相关的事故/事件,在此基础上,采用基元事件分析法对这些事故/事件进行分解,并对国内外事故致因进行对比分析,试图发现其中可能蕴藏的深层次原因,为设计大型客机飞行员操作程序和提升民航安全运行水平提供支持。     

基于DEMATEL-ISM的泵送混凝土堵管事故风险因素分析

作为高层建筑施工的关键性环节，泵送混凝土质量影响因素复杂。以泵送混凝土堵管事故风险因素为研究对象，构建DEMATEL-ISM模型，明确影响堵管事故风险的关键因素及各因素间的层级结构和作用机理。结果表明：泵送混凝土堵管事故风险的22个影响因素可划分为4个层级，其中混凝土配合比合理性是影响堵管事故风险最核心最根本的因素，对其他因素的影响程度最大；混凝土施工流动性、输出压力稳定性和管道光滑度对堵管事故风险的影响作用最直接。