在健美操课堂教学中培养学生自主学习能力的策略

健美操教学是以艺术创造作为手段,集舞蹈、体操以及音乐于一体,采用健美器械协助或徒手的方式开展教学的一种方式。目前健美操教学在各大高校中已基本普及,然而,课堂中培养学生的自主学习精神、创造探究意识却成了教学中的重点与难点。笔者结合健美操教学实践,探讨了课堂中培养学生自主学习能力的具体策略。     

基于对多媒体网络教学系统的构建应用与研究

多媒体教学信息资源的运用,必将引发一场深层次上的教学改革。其中,新型教材体系的建立是这场变革的前提和保障。根据最新的教学大纲编制的电子教材、电子教案、电教教材、电子题库广泛运用于教学全过程,适合于网络传输的网络版多媒体教材在教学中将起到重要作用。     

Physical Activity of Remote Indigenous Australian Women: A Postcolonial Analysis of Lifestyle

In the context of rising chronic diseases amongst Indigenous peoples, there are calls for the adoption of more healthy “lifestyles.” In this context, this paper explores thoughts about physical activity from 21 Indigenous families through the voices of women and girls living in remote rural communities in the Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area, Australia. Speaking back to physical activity as a lifestyle “choice,” three consistent themes emerged: shame, gendered positioning, and welfarism. In conclusion, the perspectives of Torres Strait islanders and Northern Peninsula Area communities suggest that there are deeply embedded ways of thinking about the body, familial obligations, and the provision of and access to being active that are not consistent with Western health policies predicated upon individuals shouldering responsibility for “taking exercise.”     

The relationships between stress,health, and physically active leisure as a function of life‐cycle

This article examines relationships between stress, health, and participation in physically active leisure using data collected as part of the 1985 and 1990 U.S. National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS). In particular, the article analyzes: (a) the effects of life‐cycle progression (controlled for gender) on subjectively perceived stress and self‐reported health; (b) the role of physically active leisure in enhancing health or buffering adverse health outcomes of stress; and (c) the effects of selected social‐economic factors, such as education and income, on the relationships between life‐cycle, stress, health, and physically active leisure. According to our analyses: (1) stress is unevenly distributed across the life span; (2) stress‐reducing effects of physically active leisure are present among retired older people more so than in the middle‐aged life‐cycle groups; and (3) direct health‐enhancing effects of participation in physically active leisure are more evident than the buffering effects of leisure on stress‐health relationships. A critical discussion of methodological and substantive issues facing researchers interested in the relationships between leisure, stress, and health is provided.     

贪心算法求解最少资源问题的探讨

面对资源的日益紧缺,如何有效合理的利用资源一直是专家学者研究和探讨的热点问题。最少资源问题是对初步资源规划问题的探讨,可以为多个资源组合规划问题的基础研究提供有效的参考作用。传统的回溯法穷举虽然能找到最少资源问题的最优解但其时间复杂度会高于o(n!),往往耗时太多,不能满足问题的及时性。提出了一种以最早开始时间为贪心策略的求解最少资源问题的贪心算法,不仅能够找到最优解,而且其时间复杂度仅为o(n2),极大提高了算法的效率。     

Outdoor recreation participation and views on resource development and preservation

Abstract

Views on the preservation of resources versus their development for recreation are compared among participants in three types of outdoor recreation: “appreciative”; activities (cross‐country skiing, hiking, and canoeing); “consumptive”; activities (fishing and hunting); and “mechanized”; activities (motorboating, snowmo‐biling, and trail biking). The results from a 1984 questionnaire survey conducted in Edmonton and Calgary, Canada, indicate a stronger preservationist orientation among participants in appreciative activities, whereas (with the exception of hunters) participants in consumptive and mechanized activities hold stronger pro‐development views. These differences cannot be attributed to simultaneous variations in socioeco‐nomic characteristics or environmental attitudes among the recreational groups. The findings suggest that differences in outdoor recreational activity preferences represent an important source of variation in views about appropriate levels of preservation versus development of Alberta's natural and wildernesss resources.     

Time Changes for Lévy Processes

The goal of this paper is to consider pure jump Lévy processes of finite variation with an infinite arrival rate of jumps as models for the logarithm of asset prices. These processes may be written as time-changed Brownian motion. We exhibit the explicit time change for each of a wide class of Lévy processes and show that the time change is a weighted price move measure of time. Additionally, we present a number of Lévy processes that are analytically tractable, in their characteristic functions and Lévy densities, and hence are relevant for option pricing.     

Recreation and Leisure Research from an Active Living Perspective: Taking a Second Look at Urban Trail Use Data

This paper examines recreation and leisure research within the context of active living, and highlights an apparent gap between the current involvement of recreation and leisure researchers and the potential they could offer to this important and expanding area of inquiry. To illustrate this potential, I looked at two previous studies that focused on the recreational use of urban trails and reanalyzed the data from an active living perspective. In Study 1, individual, social and environmental factors helped distinguish between low, moderate, and high activity level trail uses. In Study 2, use patterns helped distinguish between health-motivated trail users and individuals using trails for recreation and other purposes, but perceptual and demographic data were similar among groups. Findings from similar studies can help inform active living research, and recreation and leisure studies can provide leadership and contributions to a transdisciplinary understanding of active living.     

Using CRM to Manage Marketing Productivity

Abstract

The appropriate tool for measuring and managing marketing productivity is the present value of the total dollar contribution produced, divided by the total dollar value of the marketing effort expended to produce it. This ratio is referred to as the contribution return on marketing effort or CRM ratio. CRM integrated with activity based costing (ABC) and activity based management (ABM) systems, value analysis and value engineering (VA-VE) techniques offer a viable and practical foundation for managing customer relationship efforts and linking them to customer- and share holder value. The article offers a systematic approach for integrating contribution return on marketing (CRM) with customer relationship management (CRM).     

The development of models of accounting information systems in Sweden

Traditionally, accounting has evolved as a technique. Practitioners and academics have striven to improve the technical features of accounting. Now, accounting is conceived increasingly as an organizational artefact which interacts with other organizational practices in shaping organizational reality. Taking a broad perspective of management control, this paper aims at contributing to our knowledge of accounting in this second sense and identifying some Swedish contributions to the tool-box of accounting. In reviewing the development of models of accounting information in Sweden mainly since World War II, different factors explaining the evolution of each model are identified. Analyses of these factors reveal that different groups of actors have been engaged in the development of different parts of the accounting information system (AIS). It is also noted that the introduction of models that are widely applied has delayed the emergence of new models better adapted to the current situation in business. Comparisons will be made with the development in some other countries.