On capital accumulation paths in a neoclassical stochastic growth model

Summary. Boldrin and Montrucchio [2] showed that any twice continuously differentiable function could be obtained as the optimal policy function for some value of the discount parameter in a deterministic neoclassical growth model. I extend their result to the stochastic growth model with non-degenerate shocks to preferences or technology. This indicates that one can obtain complex dynamics endogenously in a wide variety of economic models, both under certainty and uncertainty. Further, this result motivates the analysis of convergence of adaptive learning mechanisms to rational expectations in economic models with (potentially) complicated dynamics. Received: June 21, 1996; revised version: October 31, 1996     

On the Effects of Deposit Insurance and Observability on Bank Runs: An Experimental Study

We study the effects of deposit insurance and observability of previous actions on the emergence of bank runs by means of a controlled laboratory experiment. We consider three depositors in the line of a bank, who decide between withdrawing or keeping their money deposited. We have three treatments with different levels of deposit insurance which reflect the losses a depositor may incur in the case of a bank run. We find that different levels of deposit insurance and the possibility of observing other depositors’ actions affect the likelihood of bank runs. When decisions are not observable, higher levels of deposit insurance decrease the probability of bank runs. When decisions are observable, this need not to be the case. These results suggest that (i) observability might be considered as a partial substitute of deposit insurance and (ii) the optimal deposit insurance should take into account the degree of observability.     

人本视阈下国际教育中90后大学生思政教育新思考

随着时代的发展和社会环境的文化,思政教育必须跟上时代步伐,秉承＂以人为本＂的理念下,针对国际教育＂90后＂大学生,通过文献法,座谈与调查法,总结归纳出其思想个性特点,并针对其提出相应新举措,以更好开展思政教育,培养国际教育新人才。     

Undiscounted optimal growth with consumable capital and labor-intensive consumption goods

This paper presents a complete characterization of the optimal policy in a two sector undiscounted growth model. The model is an extension of the Leontief two sector model, which analyzes the optimal allocation of capital and labor to a consumption good sector and an investment good sector. The paper extends this framework to include consumable capital. Thus, the planner has preferences over the consumption good and the consumable capital. Future welfare levels are treated equally as current ones. Geometric techniques are applied to characterize the optimal policy if the consumption good is labor-intensive. The results suggest that if the initial capital stock is above a threshold level, that depends upon the consumption of capital, every optimal program is monotonic, converges to the golden rule stock in a finite number of periods, and undergoes either unemployment or excess capacity of capital.     

经济增长与就业结构的变迁——对1952～2004年中国GDP增长率与就业结构关系的考察

利用统计学、数学方法为分析工具,对建国以来(1952～2004)GDP增长率与就业结构的变迁作了实证考察,找出了经济变量之间的内在联系及其原因,并提出了未来的发展建议.     

工薪起征点调整对企业影响的经济学分析

随着中国经济快速发展,中国的个人所得税税制已经不能适应实际需要,工薪起征点过低是目前个人所得税存在的主要问题之一,提高工薪起征点的个人所得税改革势在必行。对此提出了工薪起征点的调整方向,并运用经济学方法分析了工薪起征点调整后对企业净利润和分配政策等的影响。     

大学生课余生活状况及自我感知与评价调查分析

通过对东北大学、辽宁大学等沈阳地区八所高校近1 500名在校本、专科生及研究生的调查,对大学生课余生活状况及课余生活状态的自我感知与自我评价进行分析,了解大学生对学习知识重要性的认识及大学生学习知识的态度与课余生活状态的相关性.     

关注教师心理健康——一项教师心理健康调查分析

目的 探讨滁洲市汉河镇中小学教师的心理健康现状。方法 采用SCL-90症状自评量表进行调查。结果总均分≥2分者有35人，占抽测教师总数的32．7％；总均分≥3分者有6人，占抽测教师总数的5．6％；在SCL-90量表的10个有关心理健康因子的平均分值都高于国内常模，存在极显著性差异（P＜0．001）.结论 汉河镇中小学教师的心理健康水平较差，应引起教育及相关管理部门的重视，建议从主观和客观两个层面予以干预和调适。     

A pair-wise approach to testing for output and growth convergence

This paper proposes a pair-wise approach to testing for output convergence that considers all N(N-1)/2$N(N-1)/2$ possible pairs of log per-capita output gaps across N economies. A general probabilistic definition of output convergence is also proposed, which suggests that all such output gap pairs must be stationary with a constant mean. The approach is compatible with individual output series having unit roots, or other non-stationary common components and does not involve the choice of a reference country in computation of output gaps. It is also applicable when N is large relative to T (the time dimension of the panel). After providing some encouraging Monte Carlo evidence on the small sample properties of the pair-wise test, the test is applied to output series in the Penn World Tables over 1950–2000. Overall, the results do not support output convergence, and suggest that the findings of convergence clubs in the literature might be spurious. However, significant evidence of growth convergence is found, a result which is reasonably robust to the choice of the sample period and country groupings. Non-convergence of log per-capita outputs combined with growth convergence suggests that while common technological progress seems to have been diffusing reasonably widely across economies, there are nevertheless important country-specific factors that render output gaps highly persistent, such that we cannot be sure that the probability for the output gaps to lie within a fixed range will be non-zero.     

关于“90后”大学生思想政治教育的新思路

＂90后＂大学生具有新的时代特征,他们的身心素质受时代发展的影响,较之以前的大学生发生了较大的变化。这种变化使现在高校的思想政治教育面临着严峻的考验。当前高校的思政教育工作有一定的发展,但在教育体制、教育内容和教师综合素质的培养等方面还有待进一步的改革和提高。面对这些问题,高校要创新其思政教育体制,加强对思政教师和辅导员综合素质的培养。思政教育工作者要创新教育方法,坚持自我学习、不断提高,使自己具有更为全面的知识结构;要坚持以人为本、宽严并行的教育理念和方法。