Alcohol-service liability: Consequences of guest intoxication

The purpose of this study is to examine the legal responsibilities of owners of establishments that sell and/or serve alcoholic beverages to their patrons and other people who may be assaulted or injured by those patrons in the establishment or after leaving the establishment. Examination of 246 actual court cases revealed that the plaintiff's claims are likely to fall under either the restaurant, bar, hotel, club or other hospitality operators’ failure to exercise reasonable care to protect patrons from injury at the hands of other patrons, failure to maintain a safe and orderly establishment, or from patrons injuring bystanders in violation of a dram shop act. However, findings indicated that violations of a dram shop act are likely to have the most devastating effect on the business.     

复配增塑剂对聚乙烯醇熔融及结晶行为的影响

以甘油和乙二醇为复配增塑剂,研究了复配增塑剂对聚乙烯醇的熔融和结晶行为的影响。结果表明,当甘油与乙二醇配比为4：1,时熔融温度最低为163℃左右。复配增塑剂质量百分含量为30％-40％时。可有效降低聚乙烯醇的熔融温度和结晶温度。     

聚乙烯醇市场分析

聚乙烯醇是一种水溶性高分子聚合物,所具有的无毒无害、可生物降解的优异性能,完全符合现代社会对环保产品的要求。其水溶液有很好的黏接性和成膜性,能耐油类、润滑剂和烃类等大多数有机溶剂,具有酯化、醚化、缩醛化等化学性质。聚乙烯醇主要用于制造聚乙烯醇缩醛、耐汽油管道和维尼纶纤维,也用作临时保护用的薄膜、皮革等的胶黏剂、装订用的胶料等。中国已经成为世界聚乙烯醇生产能力、产量、消费量最大的国家,产量占世界总量的50%左右。国内聚乙烯醇产品差别化率不高,常规产品供大于求,而部分市场需求量较大的高附加值产品仍需要进口。     

American youth consumption of licit and illicit substances

Using a representative sample of the 2001 National School‐based Youth Risk Behavior Survey, this study investigated the contemporaneous and intertemporal relationship between the use of licit and illicit substances by American youth between the ages 12 and 18. The results indicated a strong contemporaneous relationship between smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, smoking marijuana, and using cocaine. The results supported the gateway hypothesis indicating that prior smoking of cigarettes is significantly associated with the probability of current marijuana and cocaine use, as prior drinking of alcohol is significantly associated with the probability of current marijuana and cocaine use. The results also showed that males had a higher probability of using cocaine than females, whereas black students had a higher probability of smoking marijuana and using cocaine than white students. Age and race were associated with marijuana and cocaine use, but cocaine use was further linked with the factors of gender, region, and metropolitan area. These findings could have implications for public policies regarding prevention.     

Millennials’ ethical ideology effects on responses to alcohol advertisements: The role of strength of ethnic identification and ethical appraisal of the ad

Abstract

In an extension of generational theory, the present research argues that ethical ideology (i.e. idealism vs. relativism) impacts attitude toward the ad (A_ad), attitude toward the brand (A_brand), and purchase intention (PI). Additionally, this research examines how this relationship is mediated by the ethical appraisal of the ad and moderated by the level of ethnic identification (i.e. high vs. low). The results of this experiment provide additional evidence in support of generational theory which states that each generational cohort holds distinct ethical ideologies. Furthermore, this study identifies differences in the participants’ responses to alcohol ads resulting from their personal values (i.e. in this study we focus on strength of ethnic identification).     

呼出气体酒精含量探测器测量结果的不确定度评估

通过分析测试过程产生的不确定度分量来源,并利用测试结果及相关资料按照JJF1059《测量不确定度评定与表示》评定该测试结果的不确定度。     

Measurement of risk perceptions in social research: a comparative analysis of ordinary least squares,ordinal and multinomial logistic regression models

Drawing on data gathered in the 2006 Monitoring the Future study of American youth (n = 2489), this investigation offers a comparative analysis of ordinary least squares (OLS), ordinal and multinomial logistic regression models in examining the effects of multiple factors on perceptions of alcohol risk. The article addresses limitations of OLS models in risk analyses and demonstrates how scholars can avoid making statistical errors when positioning vague quantifiers as ordinal dependent measures. Substantively, the article finds differential effects for (1) sex, (2) perceived attitudes of peers toward alcohol consumption, (3) frequency of intoxication, (4) teacher efforts toward alcohol education, (5) frequency of communicating with friends, and (6) newspaper exposure, as determinants of alcohol risk perceptions. Through statistical results and visual displays, the article reveals how inferences made about these effects stand to vary depending on the regression method chosen.     

The role of desire in understanding intentions to drink responsibly: an application of the Model of Goal-Directed Behaviour

Abstract

This study models young people’s moderate drinking decision-making using the Model of Goal-Directed Behaviour (MGB), thus presenting insights into young people’s desires and intentions to drink responsibly. Testing the applicability of the MGB to quantitatively analyse responsible drinking, the explanatory sphere of the MGB is extended. An online survey resulted in 1522 completed questionnaires from respondents aged between 18 and 25 years. Collected data were analysed with structural equation modelling (SEM) using SPSS AMOS21 (IBM, New York, NY, USA) software. The key finding of this study is that an individual’s desire to drink moderately is the most important predictor of young people’s responsible drinking intentions. Our use of MGB provides further evidence that there is a strong distinction between consumer desires and intentions.     

Introduction

No abstract available for this article.