复配增塑剂对聚乙烯醇熔融及结晶行为的影响

以甘油和乙二醇为复配增塑剂,研究了复配增塑剂对聚乙烯醇的熔融和结晶行为的影响。结果表明,当甘油与乙二醇配比为4：1,时熔融温度最低为163℃左右。复配增塑剂质量百分含量为30％-40％时。可有效降低聚乙烯醇的熔融温度和结晶温度。     

酒精对动脉粥样硬化的预防作用

目的：本课题主要研究酒精对动脉粥样硬化的预防作用。方法：选择健康Wister大鼠20只为研究对象并随机分为2组，分别采用高脂饲料（含15.0%脂肪、1.25%胆固醇、0.5%胆酸、0.2%甲基硫氧嘧啶）喂养。分别加入0.9%生理盐水和酒精对两组进行喂养，观察两组大鼠在半年后出现粥样斑块情况。结果：与对照组比较，实验组大鼠的动脉粥样硬化比例明显更少：发生率比较（p=0.0217〈0.05）。结论：酒精对大鼠动脉粥样硬化具有预防作用。     

Area-based differences in injury risks in a small Swedish municipality – Geographic and social differences

The current study investigates the geographic and social differences in injury risks across living areas in a small semi-urban Swedish municipality. The study population consisted of all people living in the municipality during the years 1992–1996 (31,820, December 1996). Area comparisons were made based on data related to the municipality’s 15 census districts and grouped according to the geographic location and three different social characteristics (proportion of unemployed, of low educated, or of people born outside Sweden). Injury data was gathered for the period 1992–1996 from two data sources: Sweden’s National Hospital Discharge Register, and the local outpatient register. Three diagnosis groups were used: all injuries aggregated, traffic injuries and other unintentional injuries. Odds-ratios were calculated for males and females separately. There were no remarkable differences in injury risks between areas, whether compared on the basis of their geographic location or some of their socio-economic characteristics. These findings could be attributed to either a lack of sensitivity of the measures employed or the existence of a well-functioning safety promotion program in the municipality that impacts on injury risk distribution between areas. This, in turn, does not imply that members of underprivileged social groups are not in need of special support regardless of the area to which they belong.     

降低食用酒精产品正丙醇含量的探讨

文章对比分析不同食用酒精标准对正丙醇含量的规定,分析部分企业产生酒精产品未达到国家标准要求的原因,提出企业降低酒精产品正丙醇含量的对策建议。     

A Cross-Cultural Investigation of the Ethical Dimensions of Alcohol and Tobacco Sports Sponsorships

While the sport industry has grown into a multi-billion dollar international business with unique ethical concerns, there is little empirical research examining the ethics involved in sport sponsorships, especially sponsorship of alcohol and tobacco brands. This study investigates the potential influence of culture and gender on future practitioners' willingness to work in the tobacco and alcohol sport sponsorship areas. The nature of the relationship between sports, alcohol and tobacco is reviewed, along with past research on variables noted to influence ethical decision making. Three hypotheses are investigated for differences between American and Australian students. A cultural difference in ethical perceptions is supported, while gender differences are not significant. The implications of these findings are discussed, along with the study's limitations and future directions for ethics research in sport marketing.     

利用脂肪醇剩余烯烃增产烷基苯能力探讨

文章通过对直链烷基苯合成脂肪醇的工艺技术分析和市场调研，提出新建脱氢装置的可行性及利用脂肪醇剩余烯烃能力增产烷基苯的措施，其经济效益可观，本文为直链烷基苯-合成脂肪醇联合装置技术改造提供了依据。     

When enough is enough! Alcohol servers’ refusal styles and key antecedents

While alcohol servers’ play a critical role in managing customers’ intoxication in hospitality settings, there is little research that investigates actual server refusal behaviors within hedonic interactions. This study is an in-depth exploration of the key styles alcohol servers use to refuse alcohol service and the determinants of these behaviors. Fourteen interviews conducted with service staff reveal four styles of alcohol refusal behaviors: assertive, hedonic, avoiding, and compromising refusal. Four determinants of supervisory/organizational support, efficacy in enacting behavior, perceived responsibility, and perceived customer characteristics and behaviors appear to relate to these refusal behaviors. The paper addresses marketing and policy implications for hospitality managers, and concludes with limitations and future research directions.     

脂肪醇工业及其衍生物应用前景

本文叙述了脂肪醇及其衍生物工业生产中的现状，以及在我国的应用情况和今后的前景展望。     

Book reviews

There is growing evidence that young tourists at nightlife resorts have a propensity for risk-taking. Based on ethnographic fieldwork at an international nightlife resort in Bulgaria, this article examines how guides help tourists lower their inhibitions and reach states of collective effervescence. Focus is on young guides and tourists from Denmark. The article argues that the guides use four basic techniques to stir up effervescence: body techniques, speech and sound effects, crowd effects and alcohol.     

New opportunities in social media for ad-restricted alcohol products: The case of ‘Yeni Rakı’

The rapid diffusion and technological evolution experienced in the new format of the Internet, particularly social media, have forced many brands to keep pace with this ongoing process in order to engage with their customers. Social media utilize multiple Internet-based communication platforms, including, but not limited to, blogs and social networking sites. This paper aims to examine how social media can be used to interact with consumers in the case of ad-restricted alcohol products, providing a case study from Turkey. The explored case provides an example of a well-planned, creative campaign that successfully exploits the opportunities provided by interactivity. The analysis of an alcohol product is critical due to the fact that such products face many restrictions, thus calling for a more creative and efficient approach to the design and implementation of social media practices, and their integration into integrated marketing communication (IMC) campaigns. This case will contribute to the articulation of the best ways to shape both business-to-consumer and consumer-to-consumer dialogue and fruitful applications of this new IMC tool.