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161.
近期我国经济呈增速趋缓、物价攀升的边际滞胀态势。阻碍我国经济高速增长的因素主要是人口红利减少、储蓄—投资转化率低和制度不完善,引致我国通货膨胀的因素主要是政府宽松的财政货币政策、企业成本上涨和公众的高通胀预期。借鉴国内外有关滞胀治理的理论研究,我国应调整计划生育政策,提高劳动的收入份额,增加教育、医疗卫生和社保投入,实行结构性减税,完善科技投入体制,完善产权、户籍、社保和行政法律制度,明确货币政策的币值稳定目标,合理引导通胀预期。 相似文献
162.
随着互联网技术的快速发展,人们能够及时地获取大量的新闻文本信息,如何从新闻中自动获取关键信息,把新闻中具有价值的信息转化为结构化数据,从而快速有效地获取有用的知识已是迫切需求。实体关系抽取是获取关键信息的方法之一,但目前关于中文的实体关系抽取工作较少。针对基于长短时记忆网络的中文实体识别模型难于提取长距离的依存关系特征和句法特征问题,提出利用双向树形长短时记忆神经网络提取依存句法树的结构特征。在提取的特征的基础上,使用条件随机场判断实体的类别和边界,并在实体识别模型中加入注意力机制提高模型的性能。在《人民日报》数据集和ACE 2005语料库上训练模型,验证了模型的有效性。 相似文献
163.
Yuhong Xu 《Mathematical Finance》2016,26(3):638-673
This paper deals with multidimensional dynamic risk measures induced by conditional g‐expectations. A notion of multidimensional g‐expectation is proposed to provide a multidimensional version of nonlinear expectations. By a technical result on explicit expressions for the comparison theorem, uniqueness theorem, and viability on a rectangle of solutions to multidimensional backward stochastic differential equations, some necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the constancy, monotonicity, positivity, and translatability properties of multidimensional conditional g‐expectations and multidimensional dynamic risk measures; we prove that a multidimensional dynamic g‐risk measure is nonincreasingly convex if and only if the generator g satisfies a quasi‐monotone increasingly convex condition. A general dual representation is given for the multidimensional dynamic convex g‐risk measure in which the penalty term is expressed more precisely. It is shown that model uncertainty leads to the convexity of risk measures. As to applications, we show how this multidimensional approach can be applied to measure the insolvency risk of a firm with interacting subsidiaries; optimal risk sharing for ‐tolerant g‐risk measures, and risk contribution for coherent g‐risk measures are investigated. Insurance g‐risk measure and other ways to induce g‐risk measures are also studied at the end of the paper. 相似文献
164.
Small island tourism economies (SITEs) vary in their size, land area, location, narrow resource bases, economic development, overwhelming reliance on tourism and consistent inflow of foreign direct investment for economic growth. Small island tourism economics differ in their ethnic diversity, political systems, economic and environmental vulnerability, ecological fragility and the risks facing investors. Owing to natural disasters, ethnic conflicts, crime and the threat of global terrorism, there have been dramatic changes in the arrivals of international tourists to SITEs. These variations in international tourism demand to SITEs, particularly the conditional variance (or volatility) in international tourist arrivals, have not previously been analysed in the tourism research literature. An examination of the conditional volatility of international tourist arrivals is essential for policy analysis and marketing purposes. This paper models the conditional mean and conditional variance of the logarithm of monthly international tourist arrivals and the growth rate (or log‐difference) in the monthly international tourist arrivals for six SITEs, namely Barbados, Cyprus, Dominica, Fiji, Maldives and Seychelles. Diagnostic checks of the regularity conditions of the logarithm of monthly international tourist arrivals and their growth rates suggest that the estimated univariate models of trends and volatility are statistically adequate. Therefore, the estimated models are appropriate for purposes of public and private sector management of tourism. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
165.
ABSTRACTTourists’ hotel event experiences have received little attention in tourism research. By proposing an integrated model of expectation–confirmation theory (ECT) and the experience economy concept, this research explores the relationship between tourists’ event experience and their satisfaction regarding the hotel event setting. The hypothesized model was empirically validated using a sample of 663 tourists who experienced a holiday event at a resort hotel. Results confirmed that the integration of the experience economy and ECT provided a better understanding of tourists’ post-satisfaction in a pleasure-driven setting. This affective–cognitive approach advances the knowledge of tourists’ experiences and satisfaction at hotel events. 相似文献
166.
改革开放40年来,我国地区经济增长收敛现象较为明显。地区人均GDP增长不仅持续上升,而且水平差距也在不断缩小,存在条件收敛现象,并且东部和沿海地区经济增长的\"俱乐部收敛\"现象显著。进入20世纪90年代后,增长收敛趋势愈发突出,2008年国际金融危机也未影响增长收敛的发展态势。未来要继续坚持改革开放,补上各地制度和要素的短板,积极培育和发展有利于地区人均GDP增长收敛现象产生的一系列基础性因素,以实现区域更加协调发展。 相似文献
167.
Calhoun Charles A. Deng Yongheng 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2002,24(1-2):9-33
This paper provides a side-by-side comparison of loan-level statistical models for fixed- and adjustable-rate mortgages. Multinomial logit models for quarterly conditional probabilities of default and prepayment are estimated. We find that the estimated impacts of embedded option values for prepayment and default are generally quite similar across both FRM and ARM loans, providing additional empirical support for the basic predictions of the options theory. We also find that differences in estimates of conditional probabilities of prepayment and default associated with mortgage age, origination period, original LTV, and relative loan size, indicate the continued significance of these other economic and demographic factors for empirical models of mortgage terminations. 相似文献
168.
为进一步提升中短码长下准循环低密度奇偶校验(Quasi-cyclic Low-density Parity-check,QC-LDPC) 码的纠错性能,提出了一种综合短环数目和环连通性的QC-LDPC码构造方法。首先,采用Golomb规则构造QC-LDPC码,对基矩阵中的部分元素进行替换预处理,初步降低短环数目;其次,采用所提的利用近似环外信息度(Approximate Cycle Extrinsic message degree,ACE)的消环掩模算法来优化QC-LDPC码,使得掩模后的校验矩阵具有较大的ACE平均值,最终完成QC-LDPC码的构造。该构造方法简单、通用性强,在短环数目和连通性间进行了平衡。与只考虑减少短环数目、增大围长等方法相比,该方法构造的QC-LDPC码有更加优异的纠错性能。 相似文献
169.
人口迁移对区域经济增长地区差异的影响分析——以陕西省为例 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
人口的大规模迁移流动是改革开放后我国经济社会发展的主要特征之一,其流动态势与区域之间的经济差距逐渐扩大趋势相耦合。文章以我国西部地区人口迁移与经济增长之间的关系为研究对象,以陕西省为例,分析迁移对省内各地级市的经济地区差距的影响。通过运用泰尔指数以及灰色关联度分析等方法,证明了迁移流动人口与区域经济发展具有极高的关联度。建立的人口迁移与经济增长之间计量模型的结果显示:1991—2004年期间劳动力流动有助于缩小地区间经济差距,使区域经济呈现出速度大于3%的条件收敛。并且人口迁移要素对经济增长的贡献显著,资本投入对经济增长也具有强大的推动作用。 相似文献
170.