末制导炮弹发展概况和趋势

分析了80年代以来几次较大规模局部战争,尤其是伊拉克战争中精确制导武器的使用特点,阐述了精确制导武器在未来局部战争中的作用,并分析了未来末制导技术的发展趋势。     

南方湿热地区的水反应型沥青常温修补材料应用关键技术研究

针对传统冷补料早期强度低、强度增长慢、耐久性不足和抗水损害能力差的问题,以反应型溶剂为稀释剂,以水泥作为固化剂,研制出一种水反应型沥青常温修补料。通过马歇尔试验以及肯塔堡飞散试验,研究水反应型沥青常温修补料的级配类型以及强度增长速度,同时参考传统冷补料的生产工艺,研究水反应型沥青常温修补料的生产工艺、包装工艺、现场坑槽修补施工工艺等环节关键技术控制。参考传统热拌沥青混合料的评价方式,评价水反应型沥青常温修补料的路用性能。结果表明：水反应型沥青常温修补料适合悬浮密实性级配;水反应型沥青常温修补料强度增长快,3 h龄期25 ℃马歇尔稳定度为12.4 kN;在保证专有的生产和包装工艺下,水反应型沥青常温修补料能长期储存;水反应型沥青常温修补料各项指标接近传统热拌沥青混合料,尤其是高温性能明显优于传统热拌沥青混合料。     

基于PEST分析的绿色物流包装发展探究

运用PEST模型分析法,从绿色物流包装发展的政策环境、经济环境、社会环境和技术环境四个方面进行分析,可知绿色物流包装在我国得到了一定的发展,但由于研发成本、制度标准、消费者观念等一系列因素,距离专业化的绿色物流包装仍有较大距离。绿色物流包装在成本节约、环境保护方面仍然存在着极大的发展潜力,应当充分引起政府、企业和消费者的重视。     

Different Effects of Utilitarian and Hedonic Benefits of Retail Food Packaging on Perceived Product Quality and Purchase Intention

Since consumers primarily make in-store purchase decisions, firms use product packaging to attract potential consumers. Ever-increasing market competition in many food product industries has further fueled this phenomenon in firms. However, the question of how retail food packaging affects consumer processes has received very little attention. This study investigates the benefits of food packaging on consumer responses to hedonic products by comparing different benefits (i.e., utilitarian and hedonic) of food packaging to understand which one has more impact on consumers’ perceived quality and purchase intention. The results show that both utilitarian and hedonic benefits of retail food packaging are critical predictors of consumer evaluations but play different important roles in determining customers’ reactions. Utilitarian benefits of food packaging impact perceived quality more than hedonic benefits do. Compared to utilitarian benefits, hedonic benefits of retail food packaging have more impact on consumer purchase intention.     

新材料在包装设计中的选择与应用

针对包装新材料的不断出现,提出了在包装设计中把材料性能与包装设计并重及低碳原则,分析了包装新材料的特性,为包装设计提供了设计新思路。     

Eating With Your Eyes: How Packaging Visual Cues Affect Content Estimation and Self-control in Virtue and Vice Food

This research investigates the effects of visual cues depicted on food packaging on consumers’ estimates of the contained amount and consumers’ self-control intentions. Results from two experiments show that the number of product units shown on the package drives perceptions and behavioral intentions in food categories where product size tends to be quite standardized, supporting the “see more, expect more” effect reported by previous literature, but adding a “see virtue, expect more” effect triggered by product type. Instead, when product size tends to vary across manufacturers, picture size has a greater effect on consumers’ content estimations and self-control intention than the number of product units depicted, suggesting the existence of a “see small, expect more” effect according to which consumers estimate larger content when the package portrays smaller product units. Results stimulate awareness of the effects that can be conveyed by images on packaging, on content estimates and consumer self-control.     

包装工程专业学生科技创新平台的建设与实践

学生科技创新平台是包装工程专业实践教学的一个重要组成部分,是培养学生创新能力的一个重要环节。如何根据包装工程专业的特点来搭建科技创新平台并组织和引导学生积极参加创新活动中去,本文提出了一种适于包装专业学生科技创新平台建设的“4个结合”的建设理念并针对每个结合的给出了其特定的内涵。     

Organizational buying behaviour for perishable-food packaging in grocery retail

This qualitative study investigates the structure of the buying centre, the buying process, and the factors that influence buying decisions for perishable-products packaging. This empirical investigation is based on the case study of a major Quebec food retailer. We show that the purchase of packaging changes significantly depending on whether the product is considered more or less strategic for the organization, which determines the required level of packaging customization. Buying centre structure becomes more complex as packaging customization increases. Given the multi-functionality and the interdisciplinarity of packaging, we propose a multi-criteria analysis grid to improve buying decision efficiency and to streamline communication between the various levels of the buying centre.     

Influences of visual attributes of food packaging on consumer preference and associations with taste and healthiness

Two experiments designed to investigate how the shape and colour of packaging, and product category, conjointly impact consumers’ product and packaging expectations are reported. In Experiment 1, the shape (rounded vs. angular) and visual appearance (greyscale, red‐to‐yellow and blue‐to‐green colour schemes) of the packaging were manipulated. Dependent measures were preference (willingness to purchase the product, how attention‐capturing the packaging is, and the pleasantness of the design) and any taste associations. In Experiment 2, shape (rounded vs. angular), colour (red‐to‐yellow vs. blue‐to‐green colour schemes), and product category (buttery vs. cereal cookies) were manipulated. In this case, the dependent measures were the perceived product healthiness and the preference of consumers. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that packaging colour influenced product preference. Red‐to‐yellow and blue‐to‐green colour schemes and angular packaging were preferred over greyscale and round packaging. Colour also influenced taste associations, while shape only influenced ratings of expected sweetness. In Experiment 2, packaging shape and product category influenced product preference. In particular, rounded packaging and the packaging of buttery cookies were preferred over angular packaging and the cereal cookies packaging. The healthiness of the product was rated higher for the rounded and red‐to‐yellow packaging containing a buttery product. Taken together, these results highlight the important role played by colour, shape, and category on the expectations and associations elicited by viewing product packaging.     

Heterogeneity of farm loan packaging term decisions: a finite mixture approach

This article revisits the minority borrowers’ discrimination issue in farm lending by departing from traditional loan approval-rejection or default rate-based analytical models to focus on loan packaging decisions. This study analyses such decisions using a Finite Mixture Model that optimally separates the borrowers into two sub-classes allowing for a priori unspecified heterogeneity in borrowers’ data, which has not been accounted for in previous loan discrimination analyses. Results show that non-white farm borrowers tend to receive larger loans among those in the lower loan latent class, but receive relatively lower loans in the larger loans borrower category. These farmers are also charged higher interest rates vis-à-vis their peers in both the low and high interest rate latent classes. This study’s results also indicate that male borrowers are accommodated with larger loans and longer maturities in all loan amount and maturity latent classes. This study validates the interplay among significant trends in loan packaging terms for racial and gender minority borrowers that seems logical from the lenders’ credit risk management perspective.